Evaluation of the role of antibiotics in preventing postoperative complication after routine periodontal surgery: A comparative clinical study

Abstract

Background and Objectives:Aim of this randomly controlled clinical study was to evaluate the role of antibiotics to prevent postoperative complications after routine periodontal surgery and also to determine whether their administration improved the surgical outcome.Materials and Methods:Forty-five systemically healthy patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis requiring flap surgery were enrolled in the study. They were randomly allocated to Amoxicillin, Doxycycline, and control groups. Surgical procedures were carried out with complete asepsis as per the protocol. Postoperative assessment of patient variables like swelling, pain, temperature, infection, ulceration, necrosis, and trismus was performed at intervals of 24 h, 48 h, 1 week, and 3 months. Changes in clinical parameters such as gingival index, plaque index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were also recorded.Results:There was no incidence of postoperative infection in any of the patients. Patient variables were comparable in all the three groups. Though there was significant improvement in the periodontal parameters in all the groups, no statistically significant result was observed for any group over the others.Conclusion:Results of this study showed that when periodontal surgical procedures were performed following strict asepsis, the incidence of clinical infection was not significant among all the three groups, and also that antibiotic administration did not influence the outcome of surgery. Therefore, prophylactic antibiotics for patients who are otherwise healthy administered following routine periodontal surgery to prevent postoperative infection are unnecessary and have no demonstrable additional benefits.

Early wound healing outcomes after regenerative periodontal surgery with enamel matrix derivatives or guided tissue regeneration: a systematic review

“…In fact, the complications registered were even more frequent in the “antibiotic group” [56, 57, 60–62], in which 25% of the GTR and 17.8% of the EMD group presented membrane exposure/dehiscence and/or swelling. This is coincident with a previous clinical study [82] that evaluated the role of antibiotics in preventing early post-operative complications after periodontal surgical procedures. The evaluation was performed 1, 2, 4, 7 days and 3 months after surgery and 3 groups were evaluated (amoxicillin, doxycycline and no antibiotics).…”

“…Another important parameter is the administration of systemic medications and especially antibiotics after or during the surgical procedures. While a few studies concluded that better healing and less discomfort is observed when antibiotics were given [77, 78], in many other studies [79–82] the use of antibiotics was considered not necessary. Although there is currently no consensus regarding this aspect, this parameter was assessed in the present review (Table 6) in order to avoid a possible bias but, given that in all studies drugs and posology were vastly different, establishing any conclusion from the given data seems inappropriate.…”

Comparative evaluation of adjunctive antibiotics given post periodontal flap surgery

“…Studies conducted by Ng and Bissada[3] and Mohan et al [11] showed similar results with the use of doxycycline.…”

“…These results are in accordance with a study done by Mohan et al in 2014 which compared doxycycline over amoxicillin and placebo and found no significant change in PI and GI between the three groups post surgery. [11]…”

Antibiotics and periodontal surgery

“…I read with interest article entitled “evaluation of the role of antibiotics in preventing postoperative complications after routine periodontal surgery: A comparative clinical study” authored by Dr. Mohan et al . [ 1 ] in the March-April 2014 issue of Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology.…”