Sentiment analysis has a wide application prospect in business, medicine, security and other fields, which provides a new perspective for the development of education. Students' sentiment data play an important role in the evaluation of teachers' teaching quality and students' learning effect, and provide a basis for the implementation of effective learning intervention. However, most of the research is to obtain the real-time learning status of students in the classroom through teachers' naked eye observation and students' text feedback, which will lead to some problems such as incomplete feedback content and delayed feedback analysis. Based on the mini-Xception framework, this article implements the real-time identification and analysis of student sentiment in classroom teaching, and the degree of student engagement is analyzed according to the teaching events triggered by teacher to provide reasonable suggestions for subsequent teaching progress. The experimental results show that the mini-Xception model trained by FER2013 data sets has high recognition accuracy for the real-time detection of seven student sentiments, and the average accuracy is 76.71%. Compared with text feedback, it can assist teachers in understanding student learning states in time so that they can take corresponding actions, and realize the real-time performance of wisdom classroom teaching information feedback, the high efficiency of information transmission, and the intelligence of information processing.