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Determining the temporal distribution of precipitation is of critical importance for engineering hydrology, agricultural yield forecasting, and drought monitoring. The aims of the research carried out in this context were threefold: a) to develop "precipitation duration curves", i.e., PDCs, of long-term total precipitation series, b) to investigate likely mathematical models of PDCs of each meteorological station studied, and c) to determine spatial and temporal distributions of precipitation that occur equalled or exceeded at 50% and 80% of the time. In line with the objectives, the PDCs were developed for each meteorological station. To this end, long-term annual precipitation data series were obtained from a total of 11 meteorological stations located in and around the borders of Sanliurfa province. PDCs of meteorological stations were modelled using the fifth-order regression equation at the 5% significance level. The mathematical forms of the developed model equations were used to predict precipitation amounts for each station at 50% and 80% of the time. The predicted precipitation data were mapped to delineate the spatial distribution of precipitation, and then hypsometric curves were generated from these maps. It was found that the standard errors (SE) of the "precipitation duration curves" models showed an increasing tendency as the standard deviation of the rainfall series increased. Regression analysis results showed that the SE values of the models change in direct proportion to the increase in extreme precipitation values. Considering the amount of precipitation that exceeds or equals 50 per cent of the time, it can be concluded that "Semiarid" climate characteristics prevail in the south of Hilvan meteorological station and "Humid" climate characteristics in the north. The precipitation, which occurs 80% time equaled or exceeded, indicates "Arid" climate characteristics in the southern parts of the Harran district and "Semiarid" climate characteristics in the northern parts of the study area. Considering the area averaged precipitation values corresponding to the two exceeded or equalled the percentage of time ratios, i.e., 50% and 80%, it can be concluded that "Semiarid" climate characteristics are dominant in Sanliurfa province and its surrounding geography.
Determining the temporal distribution of precipitation is of critical importance for engineering hydrology, agricultural yield forecasting, and drought monitoring. The aims of the research carried out in this context were threefold: a) to develop "precipitation duration curves", i.e., PDCs, of long-term total precipitation series, b) to investigate likely mathematical models of PDCs of each meteorological station studied, and c) to determine spatial and temporal distributions of precipitation that occur equalled or exceeded at 50% and 80% of the time. In line with the objectives, the PDCs were developed for each meteorological station. To this end, long-term annual precipitation data series were obtained from a total of 11 meteorological stations located in and around the borders of Sanliurfa province. PDCs of meteorological stations were modelled using the fifth-order regression equation at the 5% significance level. The mathematical forms of the developed model equations were used to predict precipitation amounts for each station at 50% and 80% of the time. The predicted precipitation data were mapped to delineate the spatial distribution of precipitation, and then hypsometric curves were generated from these maps. It was found that the standard errors (SE) of the "precipitation duration curves" models showed an increasing tendency as the standard deviation of the rainfall series increased. Regression analysis results showed that the SE values of the models change in direct proportion to the increase in extreme precipitation values. Considering the amount of precipitation that exceeds or equals 50 per cent of the time, it can be concluded that "Semiarid" climate characteristics prevail in the south of Hilvan meteorological station and "Humid" climate characteristics in the north. The precipitation, which occurs 80% time equaled or exceeded, indicates "Arid" climate characteristics in the southern parts of the Harran district and "Semiarid" climate characteristics in the northern parts of the study area. Considering the area averaged precipitation values corresponding to the two exceeded or equalled the percentage of time ratios, i.e., 50% and 80%, it can be concluded that "Semiarid" climate characteristics are dominant in Sanliurfa province and its surrounding geography.
Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde yer alan Mersin ili örneğinde, tarımsal sulama göletlerinin bölgesel iklim, bitki örtüsü ve su kaynakları üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkilerini uydu görüntüleri ve meteorolojik verilerle incelemektedir. Çalışmanın metodolojisi, 1985-2023 yılları arasındaki Landsat uydu verileri ile meteorolojik veri setlerinin entegrasyonuna dayanmaktadır. Arazi sınıflandırması için nesne tabanlı görüntü işleme teknikleri kullanılarak bitki örtüsünün ve su kütlelerinin değişimleri haritalanmış, sınıflandırma doğruluğu hata matrisi ve farklı doğruluk metrikleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, kuraklık analizinde Standartlaştırılmış Yağış İndeksi kullanılarak Mann-Kendall, Spearman Rho ve Sen Slope gibi trend analiz yöntemleriyle kuraklık eğilimleri incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, 1985 yılında 51 olan sulama göleti sayısının 2023'te 1935’e çıktığını ve bu artışın NDVI değerlerindeki yükselişle birlikte bitki örtüsünün korunmasına katkı sağladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Kuraklık analizleri, çalışma bölgesinde kurak dönemlerin bitki örtüsüne olan olumsuz etkilerinin sulama göletleri sayesinde azaldığını göstermektedir. Özellikle mikro iklim üzerinde düzenleyici bir etkisi olan bu göletler, yarı kurak bölgelerde tarımsal üretim sürdürülebilirliği için stratejik bir su yönetimi aracı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu bulgular, tarımsal sulama göletlerinin su kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir yönetimi, iklim değişikliği ile mücadele ve çevresel direnci artırma gibi konularda önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu kapsamda, yarı kurak ve kurak bölgelerde sulama göletlerinin sayısının artırılması ve bu yapıların planlamasında iklim dostu yaklaşımlar benimsenmesi önerilmektedir.
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