Evaluation of the strength and radiopacity of Portland cement with varying additions of bismuth oxide

Abstract

Addition of bismuth oxide did not affect the compressive strength of Portland cement. All the bismuth oxide cement mixtures had radio-opacities higher than 3 mm thickness of aluminium.

Evaluation of conventional and digital radiography capacities for distinguishing dental materials on radiograms depending on the present radiopacifying agent

“…Bortoluzzi et al 23 used indirect digital technique and found similar results as it was found in the present study using conventional film radiography for 20% addition of Bi 2 O 3 , BaSO 4 and CHI 3 , but significantly higher radiopacity for 20% addition of ZrO 2 . In the previous reports densitometric analysis of radiographic films exhibited the results for TiO 2 , ZnO, BaSO 4 and Bi 2 O 3 additions that corroborate the results of the current study 23,24 . The barium containing materials such as InnoEndo ® (Haraeus-Kulzer, Armonk, NY), Epiphany ® sealer (Pentron clinical technologies), Pulpdent RCS ® (Pulpdent Corporation, Watertown, MA) and Nogenol ® (GC America Inc., Alsip, IL) are reported to appear 44.1%, 9.4%, 17% and 12.5%, respectively, more radiopaque on PSP digital system than on conventional film radiography.…”

“…The interference of potential radiopacifiers with other physical and biological properties of PC should be further examined. The results of the present and previous studies 24,27 imply, however, that Bi 2 O 3 content may be reduced in MTA from 20% to 10% in order to minimize its adverse effects on material's properties.…”

Cytotoxicity of Portland Cement with Different Radiopacifying Agents: A Cell Death Study

“…For this reason, a radiopacifying component must be associated to PC formulation. Depending on the proportion of the radiopacifier added to PC, there is concern that it could negatively affect the constants of the material, reduce the compressive strength, and consequently modify its biological properties (22,23). For instance, the radiopacifier bismuth oxide (MTA component) can be genotoxic, depending on concentration.…”

Investigation of gamma ray shielding efficiency and mechanical performances of concrete shields containing bismuth oxide as an environmentally friendly additive

“…7 As confirmed in prior studies using SEM imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDX) analysis, Bi 2 O 3 -loaded cement with a 25% additive rate and Portland cement were similar except that the Portland cement lacked bismuth (Hwang et al, 2009). The Bi 2 O 3 additive did not affect the compressive strength of the Portland cement after aging for 28 days (Saliba et al, 2009). During Bi 2 O 3 -loaded cement hydration, bismuth formed part of the structure of the silicate hydrate gel and also affected the precipitation of calcium hydroxide in the hydrated paste (Camilleri, 2007).…”