Evaluation of the toxicological safety of erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus in a 28-day oral feeding study in Sprague–Dawley rats

Li, I-Chen; Chen, Yen‐Lien; Lee, Li-Ya; Chen, Wanping; Tsai, Yi Yu; Chen, Chin‐Chu; Chen, Chin-Shuh

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2014.04.040

Cited by 55 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…H. erinaceus fractions were obtained from the mycelium. Erinacine A composition was 3 mg/g (0.3%) as shown in Figure 1 [ 20 ]. In the same study, our results clearly showed that H. erinaceus mycelium inhibited neurological insults in ischemic stroke rats ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper focuses on exploring the biological agent of erinacine A and its effect on ischemia reperfusion injury. Fractionation from H. erinaceus mycelium and its structural elucidation by ethanol extraction and HPLC analysis techniques were used in Figure 1 [ 20 ]. In this study, a cerebral global ischemic stroke model of temporary ischemia followed by reperfusion onset was used to assess whether H. erinaceus has a neuroprotective effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective Effects of Hericium erinaceus Mycelium and Its Isolated Erinacine A against Ischemia-Injury-Induced Neuronal Cell Death via the Inhibition of iNOS/p38 MAPK and Nitrotyrosine

Lee

Chen

Teng

et al. 2014

IJMS

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Hericium erinaceus, an edible mushroom, has been demonstrated to potentiate the effects of numerous biological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate whether H. erinaceus mycelium could act as an anti-inflammatory agent to bring about neuroprotection using a model of global ischemic stroke and the mechanisms involved. Rats were treated with H. erinaceus mycelium and its isolated diterpenoid derivative, erinacine A, after ischemia reperfusion brain injuries caused by the occlusion of the two common carotid arteries. The production of inflammatory cytokines in serum and the infracted volume of the brain were measured. The proteins from the stroke animal model (SAM) were evaluated to determine the effect of H. erinaceus mycelium. H. erinaceus mycelium reduced the total infarcted volumes by 22% and 44% at a concentration of 50 and 300 mg/kg, respectively, compared to the SAM group. The levels of acute inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor á, were all reduced by erinacine A. Levels of nitrotyrosine-containing proteins, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) and homologous protein (CHOP) expression were attenuated by erinacine A. Moreover, the modulation of ischemia injury factors present in the SAM model by erinacine A seemed to result in the suppression of reactive nitrogen species and the downregulation of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), p38 MAPK and CHOP. These findings confirm the nerve-growth properties of Hericium erinaceus mycelium, which include the prevention of ischemic injury to neurons; this protective effect seems to be involved in the in vivo activity of iNOS, p38 MAPK and CHOP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Hericium erinaceus Mycelium and Its Isolated Erinacine A against Ischemia-Injury-Induced Neuronal Cell Death via the Inhibition of iNOS/p38 MAPK and Nitrotyrosine

Lee

Chen

Teng

et al. 2014

IJMS

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“…This acid exhibited an inhibitory action towards HeLa cells. The safety of erinacine A application in animals was confirmed [82]. Erinacines, labeled J and K were isolated [83].…”

Section: Biologically Active Substances In Fruitbodiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Biology, cultivation, and medicinal functions of the mushroom Hericium erinaceum

et al. 2016

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<em>Hericium erinaceum</em> (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. is an edible fungus of great significance in medicine. It is rarely found in Europe, in contrast, it is common in Japan and North America. Its fruitbodies have been well-known for hundreds of years in traditional Chinese medicine and cuisine. A cradle of <em>H. erinaceum</em> cultivation is Asia. In Eastern Europe is rare in natural habitats, but can be successfully cultivated. Both fruitbodies and mycelia are rich in active, health promoting substances. Tests of substances extracted from this mushroom carried out on animals and in vitro have given good results. They can be used in the treatment of cancer, hepatic disorders, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, wound healing. They improve cognitive abilities, support the nervous and immune systems. Promising results have been reported in clinical trials and case reports about the human treatment (e.g., recovery from schizophrenia, an improvement of the quality of sleep, alleviation of the menopause symptoms). The subject of this paper is to summarize information about the development of mycelium, the best conditions for cultivation of fruitbodies, bioactive substances and their use in medicine.

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“…As far as it concerns H. erinaceus, the acute oral LD 50 of its erinacine-A-enriched mycelia is higher than 5 g/kg in rats [59]. As shown by sub-chronic toxicology studies, erinacine-A-enriched H. erinaceus administered daily for 28 days or 13 weeks is safe and not teratogenic at doses up to 3 g/kg and 2.625 g/kg, respectively, which is nearly 171 times the recommended daily intake for humans (1.05 g/60 kg of body weight/day) [60,61]. Moreover, H. erinaceus mycelium is not mutagenic in the bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames test), in vitro chromosome aberration test, and in vivo erythrocyte micronucleus test [61].…”

Section: S Baicalensis H Erinaceus and R Rosea: Toxicology And Nementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Based on toxicological and clinical studies, S. baicalensis, H. erinaceus and R. rosea are generally considered to be safe and well tolerated [40,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. In experimental studies, the estimated median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of some compounds varies according to the extraction method and administration route [54].…”

Section: S Baicalensis H Erinaceus and R Rosea: Toxicology And Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Antidepressant Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis, Hericium erinaceus and Rhodiola rosea

et al. 2020

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Recent studies focused on the pharmacology and feasibility of herbal compounds as a potential strategy to target a variety of human diseases ranging from metabolic to brain disorders. Accordingly, bioactive ingredients which are found within a variety of herbal compounds are reported to produce both neuroprotective and psychotropic activities which may help to combat mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances and cognitive alterations. In the present manuscript, we focus on three herbs which appear effective in mitigating anxiety or depression with favourable risk-benefit profiles, namely Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis), Hericium erinaceus (H. erinaceus) and Rhodiola rosea (R. rosea). These three traditional folk medicinal herbs target the main biochemical events that are implicated in mental disorders, mimicking, to some extent, the mechanisms of action of conventional antidepressants and mood stabilizers with a wide margin of tolerability. In detail, they rescue alterations in neurotransmitter and neuro-endocrine systems, stimulate neurogenesis and the synthesis of neurotrophic factors, and they counteract oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. Albeit the encouraging results that emerge from both experimental and clinical evidence, further studies are needed to confirm and better understand the mental-health promoting, and specifically, the antidepressant effects of these herbs.

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Evaluation of the toxicological safety of erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus in a 28-day oral feeding study in Sprague–Dawley rats

Cited by 55 publications

References 35 publications

Protective Effects of Hericium erinaceus Mycelium and Its Isolated Erinacine A against Ischemia-Injury-Induced Neuronal Cell Death via the Inhibition of iNOS/p38 MAPK and Nitrotyrosine

Protective Effects of Hericium erinaceus Mycelium and Its Isolated Erinacine A against Ischemia-Injury-Induced Neuronal Cell Death via the Inhibition of iNOS/p38 MAPK and Nitrotyrosine

Biology, cultivation, and medicinal functions of the mushroom Hericium erinaceum

Potential Antidepressant Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis, Hericium erinaceus and Rhodiola rosea

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