Evaluation of the Turkish version of the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to determine the value and discriminative power of the validated translation of the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7) in a Turkish speaking population with and without Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). Materials and Methods:The ETDQ-7 was completed by 38 patients with ETD and 47 healthy individuals. The internal consistency was evaluated using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was determined as an accuracy measure. Results:The Turkish version of the ETDQ-7's Cronbach's alpha value of 0.89. In the comparison of case and control groups, there was a significant change in the total scoring. There was a significant positive correlation between the test and retest using the Spearman's correlation test (p<0.05). In the discrimination of the ETD and control groups, curve area under 14, the highest cut-off value, was used. Sensitivity was 97.4%, positive predictive value was 88.1%, specificity was 89.4%, and negative predictive value was 97.7%. Conclusion:The Turkish version of the ETDQ-7 demonstrated acceptable levels of reliability and validity to be used for Turkish speaking individuals with ETD. Test-retest reliability for the Turkish version of the ETDQ-7 was also excellent.Keywords: Eustachian tube; eustachian tube dysfunction questionnaire-7; dysfunction; reliability. ÖZAmaç: Bu çalışmada östaki tüp disfonksiyonu (ÖTD) olan ve olmayan Türkçe konuşan bir popülasyonda Östaki Tüp Disfonksiyonu Anketi-7'nin (ETDQ-7) doğrulanmış çevirisinin değeri ve ayırıcı gücü belirlendi. Gereç ve Yöntemler:Östaki Tip Disfonksiyonu Anketi-7 38 ÖTD hastası ve 47 sağlıklı birey tarafından tamamlandı. İç tutarlılık Cronbach alfa katsayısı kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Alıcı işletim karakteristik (ROC) eğrisi, doğruluk ölçütü olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: Türkçe ETDQ-7 versiyonunun Cronbach alfa değeri 0.89 idi. Olgu ve kontrol gruplarının karşılaştırılmasında, total puanlamada anlamlı değişim saptandı. Spearman korelasyon testi ile test ve yeniden test arasında anlamlı pozitif bir ilişki vardı (p<0.05). ÖTD ve kontrol gruplarının ayrımında, en yüksek kesme değeri 14 altındaki eğri alanı kullanıldı. Duyarlılık %97.4, pozitif öngörü değeri %88.1, özgüllük %89.4 ve negatif öngörü değeri %97.7 idi.Sonuç: Türkçe ETDQ-7 versiyonu ÖTD'li Türkçe konuşan bireylerde kullanılmak üzere kabul edilebilir düzeyde güvenirlik ve geçerlilik göstermiştir. Türkçe ETDQ-7 versiyonunun test-yeniden test güvenirliği de mükemmel düzeyde idi.Anahtar Sözcükler: Östaki tüpü; östaki tüp disfonksiyon testi-7; disfonksiyon; güvenirlik.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validation, and Arabic Translation of the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ-7)

“…14 Furthermore, a study conducted in 2015 found that the mean ETDQ-7 total score was 9.91 in a control group and 25.77 in patients with obstructive ET dysfunction, in comparison with our results, which were 17.6 and 9.87, respectively. 16 Item 3 (feeling clogged or "underwater") had the highest mean score (3.06 AE 1.78), which is consistent with another study. 17 Item 7 (feeling muffled) had the lowest mean score (1.71 AE 1.27).…”

“…Various diagnostic tools have been suggested in an attempt to test ET function. 16 Several studies have focused on translating and testing the validity and reliability of the ETDQ-7 in regions like Europe, where various languages are spoken, including German, 15 Dutch, 16 Turkish, 17 and European Portuguese. 18 The EDTQ-7 has also been translated into Brazilian Portuguese 3 and traditional Chinese.…”

“…McCoul et al 14 developed the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7), a reliable and valid method for clinical applications, as a way to assess ETD severity and treatment outcomes. The ETDQ-7 has been translated into German, 15 Dutch, 16 Turkish, 17 European and Brazilian Portuguese, 3,18 and traditional Chinese. 19 It has been used for the clinical evaluation of ETD, 20 and as an objective measure of surgical procedure outcomes, such as balloon dilation of the ET.…”

Malay Language Translation and Validation of the Seven-item Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire [ETDQ-7(M)]

“…ETDQ-7 has been translated to nine other languages with good consistency and discriminant validity. (Table IV) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Our study has a comparable internal consistency reliability with other studies which reported Cronbach's alpha of 0.71-0.92. Other studies reported a cut-off point of 13.5-14.0 having excellent sensitivity of 90.7-100% and specificity of 67.0-99.9%.…”

“…Studies with similar study group reported sensitivity of 87 -100% and specificity of 67 -100%. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Malaysia is a multicultural and multiracial country with Malay language as the common language among the population. As ETDQ-7 was originally written in English, cultural adaptation and translation of the questionnaire are required for it to be applied to our local population.…”