Evaluation of the use of dry cow antibiotics in low somatic cell count cows

Scherpenzeel, C.G.M.; Uijl, I. E. M. Den; Schaik, G. van; Riekerink, R. G. M. O.; Keurentjes, J.; Lam, T.J.G.M.

doi:10.3168/jds.2013-7655

Cited by 106 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Herdlevel parameters, such as bulk milk SCC can also be taken into account. Application of a SDCT regimen, based on withholding DCT from multiparous cows with SCC <250,000 cells/mL and primiparous cows with SCC <150,000 cells/mL at the last milk recording before drying off, has been evaluated (Scherpenzeel et al, 2014). This approach significantly increased the incidence rate of CM (IRCM) and subclinical mastitis (SCM) and had potential consequences for animal welfare and economics but resulted in a substantial decrease in antimicrobial usage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of different scenarios for selective dry-cow therapy on udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics

Scherpenzeel

Uijl

Schaik

et al. 2016

Journal of Dairy Science

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The goal of dry-cow therapy (DCT) is to reduce the prevalence of intramammary infections (IMI) by eliminating existing IMI at drying off and preventing new IMI from occurring during the dry period. Due to public health concerns, however, preventive use of antimicrobials has become questionable. In this study, we evaluated the effects of 8 scenarios for selecting animals for DCT, taking into account variation in parity and cow-level somatic cell count (SCC) at drying off. The aim of this study was to evaluate udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics at the herd level when using different scenarios for selecting cows for DCT. To enable calculation and comparison of the effects of different scenarios to select cows for DCT in an "average" herd, we created an example herd, with a virtual herd size of 100 dairy cows to be calving during a year. Udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics were evaluated during the dry period and the first 100 d in lactation, the period during which the greatest effect of DCT is expected. This leads to an estimated 13,551 cow-days at risk during a year in a 100-cow dairy herd. In addition to a blanket DCT (BDCT) scenario, we developed 7 scenarios to select cows for DCT based on SCC. The scenarios covered a range of possible approaches to select low-SCC cows for DCT, all based on cow-level SCC thresholds on the last milk recording before drying off. The incidence rate of clinical mastitis in the example herd varied from 11.6 to 14.5 cases of clinical mastitis per 10,000 cow-days at risk in the different scenarios, and the prevalence of subclinical mastitis varied from 38.8% in scenario 1 (BDCT) to 48.3% in scenario 8. Total antimicrobial usage for DCT and clinical mastitis treatment varied over the scenarios from 1.27 (scenario 8) to 3.15 animal daily dosages (BDCT), leading to a maximum reduction in antimicrobial usage of 60% for scenario 8 compared with BDCT. The total costs for each of the scenarios showed little variation, varying from €4,893 for scenario 5 to €5,383 for scenario 8. The effect of selective DCT compared with BDCT on udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics is influenced by the SCC criteria used to select cows for DCT. Scenario 2 resulted in the lowest increases in clinical and subclinical mastitis compared with BDCT. The greatest reduction in antimicrobial usage was achieved under scenario 8. From an economic perspective, lowest costs were achieved with scenario 5. Drying off dairy cows with antimicrobials has an effect on udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of different scenarios for selective dry-cow therapy on udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics

Scherpenzeel

Uijl

Schaik

et al. 2016

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The at-risk period for a cow started at the beginning of the survey or at the date of first calving and ended at the end of the survey or at the culling date. As dry cows can suffer from CM (Scherpenzeel et al, 2014) and CM in early lactation may originate from IMI established in the nonlactating period (Bradley and Green, 2004), dry periods were included in the at-risk period. Overall IRCM (independent of the culture results), as well as pathogen-specific IRCM (Staph.…”

Section: Outcome Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen-specific incidence rate of clinical mastitis in Flemish dairy herds, severity, and association with herd hygiene

Verbeke

Piepers

Supré³

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

110

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A one-year survey on clinical mastitis was conducted on 50 randomly selected commercial Flemish dairy herds to estimate the pathogen-specific incidence rate of clinical mastitis (IRCM). The severity of the cases and the potential associations with herd hygiene were studied. Participating producers sampled 845 cases and 692 dairy cows. The mean and median IRCM was estimated at 7.4 and 5.3 quarter cases per 10,000 cow-days at risk, respectively. A large between-herd variation was observed (range of 0-21.3). In general, the IRCM was lower in heifers compared with multiparous cows (2.9 vs. 11.0 quarter cases per 10,000 cow-days at risk). However, the overall IRCM in the first week after calving was higher in heifers compared with cows (43.4 vs. 31.6 quarter cases per 10,000 cow-days at risk). Streptococcus uberis (18.2% of the cases) and Escherichia coli (15.5%) were the most frequently isolated pathogens and no growth was observed in 19.9% of the cases. The majority of the cases (63.1%) were mild (only clots in milk). Moderate (hard quarter without general signs) and severe symptoms (systemic illness) were observed in 29.9 and 7.0% of the cases, respectively. Isolation of E. coli (vs. any other culture result) was more likely in moderate and severe cases compared with mild cases. Overall IRCM and E. coli IRCM were higher in dirty compared with clean herds based on udder hygiene scores (9.0 and 1.7 vs. 6.0 and 0.6 quarter cases per 10,000 cow-days at risk, respectively). This study broadens the knowledge on clinical mastitis in Flemish dairy herds and underlines the high risk of CM in earlylactation heifers, the role of the so-called environmental pathogens, and herd hygiene.

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“…McDougall (2010) observed that 9% of uninfected and untreated glands developed new intra-mammary infections over the dry period in pasture-grazed cows, compared to 2-2.5% protected by antibiotic DCT. Further Scherpenzeel et al (2014) reported 1.7 times higher incidence of clinical mastitis at quarter level in cows dried off without antibiotic than control. Previous studies reported lower incidence of clinical mastitis (3-6% at quarter level and 10.1-14.2% at cow level) during early lactation in dairy cows treated with DCT (Godden et al, 2003;Gundelach et al, 2011;Arruda et al, 2013;Johnson et al, 2016).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Incidence Of Clinical Mastitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dry cow therapy on incidence of clinical mastitis, milk yield and composition in crossbred cows

Tiwari

Mohanty

Patbandha

et al. 2016

IJAR

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Mastitis is considered as one of the important production disease in dairy cows which incurs huge economic losses to dairy industry, despite considerable efforts has been dedicated to solve it for the last two decades. In the present study, the impact of dry cow therapy (DCT) on incidence of clinical mastitis, milk yield and composition in crossbred cows was studied. About 20 healthy crossbred cows were selected at dry-off and randomly allotted either to control or treatment group. Daily milk yield of cows was recorded up to 45 days post-partum and fortnightly separate quarter wise milk samples were collected for estimation of milk composition. While no quarter in the treatment group showed clinical mastitis, 33.33% of quarters in control group showed clinical mastitis within 45 days post-partum. Milk production increased by 9.71, 8.40 and 18.18% during first, second and third fortnight with overall value 11.84% during the entire 45 days post-calving period in DCT treated cows compared to control group. Also, the overall fat-corrected milk, solid-corrected milk and energy-corrected milk production following 45 days post-partum increased significantly (P<0.05) by 22.71, 23.70 and 22.80%, respectively in treated group than control group. However, overall mean milk components such as fat, protein, lactose, SNF and TS remained similar between treatment and control groups. Taken together, the above results indicated that DCT increased milk yield by reducing incidence of clinical mastitis during early lactation.

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Evaluation of the use of dry cow antibiotics in low somatic cell count cows

Cited by 106 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of different scenarios for selective dry-cow therapy on udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics

Effect of different scenarios for selective dry-cow therapy on udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics

Pathogen-specific incidence rate of clinical mastitis in Flemish dairy herds, severity, and association with herd hygiene

Effect of dry cow therapy on incidence of clinical mastitis, milk yield and composition in crossbred cows

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