2024
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78624-8
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Evaluation of thermal effects of surgical energy devices: ex vivo study

Toshiharu Morikawa,
Shuzo Hamamoto,
Masakazu Gonda
et al.

Abstract: This study evaluated the direct and indirect thermal effects of various surgical energy devices using an ex-vivo model. Two types of three devices were evaluated: ENSEAL™ X1 Curved Jaw Tissue Sealer (X1) and ENSEAL™ G2 Curved Tissue Sealer (G2) as vessel sealing systems (VSSs), and HARMONIC ® HD1000i Shears (HA) as an ultrasonic activating device (USAD). Each device was activated once under DRY or WET conditions. The tissue’s maximum temperature (MT), steam MT surrounding the activation … Show more

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