Evaluation of thermotherapy against Huanglongbing (citrus greening) in the greenhouse

Fan, Guihong; Xia, Yidong; Lin, Xiong-jie; Hu, Hanqing; Wang, Xian-da; Ruan, Chuanqing; Lu, Lianming; Liu, Bo

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(15)61085-1

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Otra opción de combate a la bacteria son los programas nutricionales a base de zinc, cobre y manganeso (Gottwald et al, 2012), de igual manera, la termoterapia con rango de 40 °C-42 °C presenta 90% de efectividad (Fan et al, 2016). El control biológico se realiza mediante la liberación de Tamarixia radiata la cual reduce las poblaciones del psílido Diaphorina citri.…”

Section: Huanglongbing (Candidatus Liberibacter Spp)unclassified

Principales enfermedades de los cítricos

Pérez

Hernandez

Drouaillet

et al. 2019

Remexca

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Los cítricos son uno de los cultivos de mayor importancia a nivel mundial, ya que se produce en 140 países. Una de las limitantes para su producción son las enfermedades, representan daños considerables en las huertas y debido a esto disminuyen la producción y provocan pérdidas millonarias en el sector citrícola. Las principales enfermedades son: Phytophthora spp., Mycosphaerella citri, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Candidatus Liberibacter spp. y virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (VTC). Los patógenos pueden presentarse en cualquier etapa fenológica del cultivo y en toda la planta, ya sea en hojas, tallos, raíces o frutos. Dichos microorganismos causan síntomas de clorosis, moteado, menor desarrollo y crecimiento, deficiencias en la absorción de agua y nutrientes, pudrición, necrosis y en casos más extremos la muerte de la planta. Para el manejo de los fitopatógenos existen diferentes alternativas, la aplicación de agroquímicos a base de azufre y cobre (oxicloruro y sulfato) son eficientes en 70%, además, el uso de variedades resistentes (C. volkameriana, C. aurantium, entre otros), medidas culturales como termoterapia, control de malezas y buen drenaje en el huerto. Por otra parte, en menor medida se implementa el control biológico, la aplicación de microorganismos benéficos (Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis) han demostrado efectividad hasta 80%. Así como la liberación de parasitoides y depredadores como Tamarixia radiata, Cycloneda sanguínea y Harmonia axyridis, los cuales representan una buena alternativa para el control de vectores. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de esta revisión es describir el impacto y estatus de las principales enfermedades de cítricos presentes en México.

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Section: Huanglongbing (Candidatus Liberibacter Spp)unclassified

Principales enfermedades de los cítricos

Pérez

Hernandez

Drouaillet

et al. 2019

Remexca

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“…Although thermotherapy has been used to eliminate pathogens from infected plant material for decades, and it was long ago shown that exposure of budwood and seedlings to different regimes at 50 C eliminates HLB symptoms [98,99], there is a resurgent interest in investigating its potential use for controlling the disease. Recent studies have demonstrated that exposure of unhealthy Citrus reticulata, C. paradisi, and C. limon plants to temperatures between 40 C and 48 C was highly efficient in reducing the titer of CaLas and HLB symptoms [100,101].…”

Section: Perspectives For Disease Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Citrus Diseases: Major Threats and Recent Progress

Jl¹

2017

JBMOA

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Citriculture is an important, highly organized, and competitive sector of the Brazilian economy. Nonetheless, citrus production is constantly threatened by pathogens that cause considerable economic losses and severe social impacts. Among the major citrus diseases are citrus canker (CCK), citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC), and Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by members of the bacterial species Xanthomonas citri (Xcc), Xylella fastidiosa (Xfa), and 'Candidatus Liberibacter' (CaL), respectively. During the last years, management practices for CVC and HLB in Brazil have provided good results, maintaining the disease incidence at low levels. In contrast, CCK re-emerged as the main citrus disease because of the inefficacy of the current eradication program. In this review, we discuss about the biology of the plant-pathogen interactions, several controversial aspects on the taxonomy of the causal agents, the molecular mechanisms they use to cause disease in citrus plants, the strategies used for disease management and their limitations, and some emerging control alternatives that may be available for commercial production in the future, including transgenic and genome-edited plants with enhanced resistance.

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“…However, Chinese scientists have long known that relatively short heat treatments at 49-50 • C on budwood and seedlings can be an effective method of greatly reducing or eliminating the disease symptoms of huanglongbing (HLB)-affected citrus [23]. In efforts to reduce damage to the potted seedlings, Fan et al [24] used short, repetitive exposures of 4 h to temperatures of 45 and 48 • C over a period of three weeks. They obtained significant reductions in CLas titers that, as determined by PCR, were significantly reduced, with mature leaves showing reductions by a little over one half to decreases above 90% in new flushes (in eight weeks post-treatment).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Mobile Heat Treatment System for Treating In-Field HLB-Affected Trees by Analyzing Survival Rate of Surrogate Bacteria

et al. 2019

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Huanglongbing (HLB or citrus greening) is a disease caused by an insect-transmitted bacterial pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). Thermotherapy has been successfully used by others to reduce the population of CLas bacteria in HLB-affected citrus trees under greenhouse studies. Thermotherapy is the application of heat as a strategy to reduce the adverse economic impact of certain pests and diseases. CLas is a fastidious, non-cultivable organism. The high variance in CLas titers in canopy samples together with this lack of cultivability makes it impossible to use classical bacteriological techniques to measure the viability either before or after treatments. Therefore, we used the survival rates of a surrogate bacterium, Klebsiella oxytoca, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile thermotherapy delivery system developed for in-field treatment of HLB-affected trees. K. oxytoca is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that was originally isolated from soil and has been used in the development of industrial applications related to ethanol fuel production. It served as a biologically-based sensor of temperature stress (biosensor) in this study. Thermocouples and biosensor packets (plastic cups with suspended small snap-top tubes) containing the K. oxytoca were attached to an HLB-affected citrus tree and their canopy locations mapped. The mobile thermotherapy treatment hood covered the canopy of the HLB-affected tree. Then, steam and hot water were injected through nozzles inside of the hood to increase the temperature of the tree canopy. A standard temperature–time combination of 54 °C for 90 s was chosen based on preliminary studies where heat treatment parameters caused a significant reduction in CLas populations without inflicting permanent damage to the tree. The survival ratio of the K. oxytoca in the biosensor packets was found to range from complete elimination to 5% with treatments of 250 s and a maximum temperature of 54 °C.

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Evaluation of thermotherapy against Huanglongbing (citrus greening) in the greenhouse

Cited by 32 publications

References 16 publications

Principales enfermedades de los cítricos

Principales enfermedades de los cítricos

Bacterial Citrus Diseases: Major Threats and Recent Progress

Evaluation of Mobile Heat Treatment System for Treating In-Field HLB-Affected Trees by Analyzing Survival Rate of Surrogate Bacteria

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