Evaluation of three commercial porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) oral fluid antibody ELISAs using samples of known status

Henao-Díaz, Alexandra; Giménez-Lirola, Luis; Magtoto, Ronaldo; Ji, Ju; Zimmerman, Jeffrey J.

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.05.019

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Oral fluids have been previously used to early detect foot-and-mouth disease and classical swine fever virus infection in wild boar using a rope-in-a-bait procedure [23,24]. Besides, recent studies demonstrated the value of OF for the antibody detection of a variety of swine pathogens including porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) [25], porcine circovirus type 2 [26], and African Swine Fever virus (ASF) [27] in pigs, among others. In contrast to serum samples, collecting OF samples from wild boar using ropes is an easier and less stressful method (welfare-friendly), based on their natural chewing and investigatory behavior [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Antibodies against Mycobacterium bovis in Oral Fluid from Eurasian Wild Boar

et al. 2020

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The presence of Mycobacterium bovis and other members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) is a main concern in wildlife populations such as the Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa). Tests detecting antibodies against the MTC are valuable for tuberculosis (TB) monitoring and control and particularly useful in suids. The development of accurate, efficient, and non-invasive new tools to detect exposure to MTC would be highly beneficial for improving disease surveillance. This study aimed to determine if antibodies against MTC could be detected in oral fluid (OF) samples by a new ELISA test (IgG detection) from naturally TB-infected wild boar. For this, individual, paired serum and OF samples were collected from 148 live wild boar in two TB-status areas from Spain and quantitatively used to validate the new ELISA test. Antibodies against MTC were widely detected in OF samples, for which a significant positive correlation (r = 0.83) was found with the validated serology test. OF ELISA sensitivity and specificity were 67.3% and 100%, respectively. The results of this work suggest that OF samples have the potential to be used for MTC diagnosis as a further step in TB surveillance and control in suid populations. Based on our results, further research is warranted and could be performed using non-invasive new tools directly in field conditions to detect exposure to MTC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Antibodies against Mycobacterium bovis in Oral Fluid from Eurasian Wild Boar

et al. 2020

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“…Antigen‐specific sera antibodies were determined by ELISA according to the protocol described previously [16,17]. Briefly, ELISA plates were coated with 100 µL per well of PRRS antigens (20 µg/mL) or FMD VLPs (2 µg/mL) in coating buffer and incubated at 4°C overnight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green preparation of hydrogel particles‐in‐emulsions for simultaneous enhancement of humoral and cell‐mediated immunity

Zou

Ngai

et al. 2020

Engineering in Life Sciences

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Emulsions are one of the most often used vaccine adjuvant formulations. Although they promote high humoral immunity, the induced cellular immunity is often poor, which restrict their application. To enhance the cellular immunity, some researchers have prepared mixed formulations by adding particles into the aqueous phase of emulsions. However, the particle preparation process usually involves the addition and removal of organic reagents, which is environmentally unfriendly and cumbersome. Moreover, the obtained vaccine adjuvant only induces limited cell‐mediated immunity and humoral immunity compared with emulsion‐adjuvanted vaccines. Herein, we developed a green and simple method for fabricating a novel nanoparticles‐in‐emulsions (NPE) formulation. Firstly, a temperature‐sensitive hydrogel was used to prepare particles by self‐solidification without additional crosslinking reagents. Secondly, the white oil was used as organic phase to avoid the particle washing procedures and organic solvent residues. Moreover, the effect of NPE as vaccine adjuvant was evaluated by using two veterinary vaccines as model antigens. NPE showed advantages than the conventional vaccine formulations in inducing both humoral and cellular immunity. This work provides a facile and broadly applicable approach for preparing nanoparticles‐in‐emulsions formulation, and presents an effective adjuvant for enhancing immunity against infectious diseases.

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“…As observed in serum, IgM is detected in oral fluids before IgA and IgG, but has a shorter half-life than other isotypes. IgA (primarily secretory IgA) appears earlier than IgG but usually IgG is the preferred target of oral fluid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) because its longer half-life and because usually provides for more diagnostically sensitive and specific assays [38,39] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Diagnostic Potential Of Oral Fluid Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enticing pig participation by providing rope with flavored (fruits juice, sucrose,) [86], colored, or aromatic substances (garlic, unpublished data) has generally not been rewarding with the exception of one report showing a higher oral fluid collection success rate in suckling piglets exposed to rope treated with a commercial baby pig supplement [70]. However, the initial reluctance to approach the rope can often be overcome by training the pigs, i.e., placing the rope on the floor for the pigs to investigate (20 min), slowly dragging the rope to the spot where it will be hung (the pigs will follow the "tail" of the rope), and then hanging a new clean rope [38,74]. As is desirable for working with pigs, this process should be done quietly and without sudden movements so as to avoid startling the animals.…”

Section: Trouble-shooting Oral Fluid Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guidelines for oral fluid-based surveillance of viral pathogens in swine

et al. 2020

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Recent decades have seen both rapid growth and extensive consolidation in swine production. As a collateral effect, these changes have exacerbated the circulation of viruses and challenged our ability to prevent, control, and/or eliminate impactful swine diseases. Recent pandemic events in human and animal health, e.g., SARS-CoV-2 and African swine fever virus, highlight the fact that clinical observations are too slow and inaccurate to form the basis for effective health management decisions: systematic processes that provide timely, reliable data are required. Oral fluid-based surveillance reflects the adaptation of conventional testing methods to an alternative diagnostic specimen. The routine use of oral fluids in commercial farms for PRRSV and PCV2 surveillance was first proposed in 2008 as an efficient and practical improvement on individual pig sampling. Subsequent research expanded on this initial report to include the detection of ≥23 swine viral pathogens and the implementation of oral fluid-based surveillance in large swine populations (> 12,000 pigs). Herein we compile the current information regarding oral fluid collection methods, testing, and surveillance applications in swine production.

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Evaluation of three commercial porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) oral fluid antibody ELISAs using samples of known status

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Detection of Antibodies against Mycobacterium bovis in Oral Fluid from Eurasian Wild Boar

Detection of Antibodies against Mycobacterium bovis in Oral Fluid from Eurasian Wild Boar

Green preparation of hydrogel particles‐in‐emulsions for simultaneous enhancement of humoral and cell‐mediated immunity

Guidelines for oral fluid-based surveillance of viral pathogens in swine

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