Evaluation of three commonly used pressure ulcer risk assessment scales

O'Tuathail, Claire; Taqi, Rebecca

doi:10.12968/bjon.2011.20.sup2.s27

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Multiple decubitus ulcer risk assessment tools are used worldwide with the most popular being the Braden, Norton, and Waterlow scales [16], [17]. The Braden scale is most popular in the U.S. and involves a 1 to 6 ranking of a patient’s sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction and shear to generate a composite risk score.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabric-based pressure sensor array for decubitus ulcer monitoring

Chung

Rowe

Etemadi

et al. 2013

2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

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Decubitus ulcers occur in an estimated 2.5 million Americans each year at an annual cost of $11 billion to the U.S. health system. Current screening and prevention techniques for assessing risk for decubitus ulcer formation and repositioning patients every 1–2 hours are labor-intensive and can be subjective. We propose use of a Bluetooth-enabled fabric-based pressure sensor array as a simple tool to objectively assess and continuously monitor decubitus ulcer risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabric-based pressure sensor array for decubitus ulcer monitoring

Chung

Rowe

Etemadi

et al. 2013

2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

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“…Lower total scores indicate a higher risk for the development of pressure ulcers. The Waterlow Scale is commonly used for assessing the risk of pressure ulcers in the United Kingdom and Ireland despite the fact that its validity is not high (O'Tuathail, Taqi, 2011). The scale, developed in 1985(Waterlow, 1985, contains the following categories: build/weight for height, skin type / visual risk areas, sex / age, Malnutrition Screening Tool, continence, mobility and special risks (tissue malnutrition, neurological deficit, major surgery or trauma, medication).…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive validity of the Braden scale, Norton scale and Waterlow scale in Slovak Republic

Šáteková¹,

Žiaková²,

Zeleníková³

2015

Cent Eur J Nurs Midw

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Aim: To determine the levels of predictive validity of scales for assessing the risk of pressure ulcers (Braden, Norton and Waterlow scales) in the Slovak clinical setting. Design: A prospective study. Methods: One hundred patients staying in a longterm care department of a hospital from April to August 2014 were investigated using the Braden, Norton and Waterlow scales. The inclusion criteria were age over 18 years and having no pressure ulcers on admission to the department. The predictive validity of the pressure ulcer risk assessment scales was evaluated based on sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and the area under the ROC curve. Results: The incidence of pressure ulcers in the study was 14%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 85.71%, 53.48%, 23.07% and 95.83%, respectively, for the Braden Scale (a cut-off point of 15); 85.71%, 48.83%, 21.42% and 95.45%, respectively, for the Norton Scale (a cut-off of 12); and 85.71%, 30.23%, 16.66% and 92.85%, respectively, for the Waterlow Scale (a cut-off of 13). The areas under the ROC curve were 0.696 (Braden), 0.672 (Norton) and 0.579 (Waterlow). Conclusion: In the present study, the best predictive validity values, with little differences, were observed for the Braden Scale, followed by the Norton Scale and the Waterlow Scale, in that order.

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“…Trendelburg) -izobraževanje in profesionalni pristop -higiensko in funkcionalno vzdrževanje -zadovoljen pacient in medicinska sestra -dokumentacija in zapisi o incidentih omogočajo sledenje neželenih učinkov in revizijo opreme Braun, et al, 2010;Estilo, et al, 2012 Kategorija 8 -Ležišče -podporna površina različni tipi ležišč -pasivna in aktivna udobna ležišča -biti morajo hitro dostopnavarna stroškovno učinkovita oprema -primerna za ranljive paciente z visokim tveganjem -izbira glede na zdravstveno stanje in potrebe pacienta -kontraindikacije aktivnih ležišč za poškodbe hrbtenice in nestabilne zlome -primerna za akutna stanja -izbira na osnovi ocene tveganja in klinične presoje -sama ne zdravijo in ne preprečujejo RZP-pomagajo pri zdravljenju in preprečevanju ran -pomagajo pri kakovostni oskrbiprinašajo praktično in finančno korist -omogočajo prerazporeditev pritiska -omogočajo individualno namestitev in gibanje v postelji -dokumentacija in zapisi o incidentih omogočajo sledenje neželenih učinkov in revizijo opreme -izobraževanje, preprečevanje RZP in raziskovanje -diagrami, opozorila in smernice -izbira, primerna potrebam pacienta Rafter, 2011;Asimus, et al, 2011;Elliott, 2011;Chamanga, 2011;Estilo, et al, 2012;Wilczweski, et al, 2012 Kategorija 9 -Lestvica Waterlow lestvice za oceno tveganja -zanesljivost in veljavnost teh lestvic -strategija za preprečevanje RZP skupaj s klinično presojo -smernice EUPAN 2009 -orodje Waterlow za oceno tveganj -identifikacija pacientov s tveganjem -mobilizacija za izvajanje ustreznih strategij preprečevanja in preprečitve nastanka RZP-preprečevanje poslabšanja zdravstvenega stanja -zmanjševanje vpliva vseh drugih dejavnikov, povzročiteljev poslabšanja -izboljšanje kakovosti življenja in dobro počutje -dokumentacija in opozorilo -NICE 2011 prepoveduje uporabo lestvic kot samostojne strategije preprečevanja RZP O'Tuathail & Taqi, 2011;Chamanga, 2011;Cox, 2011;Thompson, 2011;Maylor, 2011 Kategorija 10 -RZP RZP še vedno pogost zaplet-zdravstveni problem in izziv za obvladovanje -v Ameriki 4. v vrsti medicinska napaka -2,5 milijona pacientov na leto se zdravi zaradi RZP (v ZDA) -60.000 pacientov na leto umre zaradi zapletov, povezanih z RZP (v ZDA) -2010 so bili stroški zdravljenja ocenjeni na 10,5-17,8 milijarde dolarjev (v ZDA) -raziskave za obvladovanje RZP-nacionalna varnost pacientov nekaterih držav ne podpira stroškov zdravljenja III. in IV.…”

Section: Kode/codes (N = 191) Avtorji/authorsunclassified

“…Starejši ljudje imajo lahko večje tveganje za nastanek razjede zaradi pritiska zaradi njihove visoke odvisnosti od zdravstvene nege (O'Tuathail & Taqi, 2011). Sama starost ni edini dejavnik, ki prispeva k razvoju RZP.…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

“…Lestvica Waterlow je najbolj razširjeno orodje za oceno tveganja v Veliki Britaniji in na Irskem, čeprav ni nobenih dokazov, ki bi kazali, da je učinkovitejša od drugih najpogosteje uporabljenih lestvic. Potrebnih je več raziskav za zanesljivost in veljavnost teh lestvic (O'Tuathail & Taqi, 2011). Lestvica Waterlow pokriva vse vidike zdravstvene nege, ki temeljijo na dokazih in ne sme postati samo še en komplet orodij za oceno tveganja.…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

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Povezave med razjedo zaradi pritiska in ohranjanjem integritete kože pacienta v intenzivni zdravstveni obravnavi: pregled literature

Emeđi¹,

Skela-Savič²

2015

Obzor Zdrav Neg

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IzvlečekUvod: Namen raziskave je prikazati večdimenzionalne potrebe in možne dejavnike tveganja za razjedo zaradi pritiska pri odraslih pacientih v intenzivni zdravstveni obravnavi. Metode: Uporabili smo analizo in sintezo pregleda dokazov iz zbirke podatkov EMERALD, CINAHL, PubMed in ProQuest. Ključne iskalne besedne zveze so bile: »quality of care«, »pressure ulcer«, »prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers«, »skin integrity critical care patients«. Omejitveni kriteriji iskanja so bili: obdobje 2010 do 2013, celotno besedilo člankov v angleščini. Začetna merila je izpolnjevalo 280 zadetkov in 40 izbranih ustreznih prispevkov. Potek raziskave je prikazan v skladu z načeli Cochranove zbirke, ocena kakovosti dokazov pa v hierarhiji dokazov. Rezultati: Identificiranih je 191 kod, ki so združene v 11 vsebinskih kategorij: okolje intenzivne terapije -značilnosti nekaterih dejavnikov tveganja, čas bivanja v enoti, vazoaktivne učinkovine, spol, starost, administrativno diagnostična kategorija, postelja, ležišče, lestvica Waterlow, razjeda zaradi pritiska in pomen prve stopnje razjede. Diskusija in zaključek: Raziskava pokaže pomen uvedbe proaktivnih ukrepov za ohranjanje integritete kože pacienta. Osredotoča se na vitalnost tkiva in promocijo kakovostne zdravstvene oskrbe z vidika teorije. Potrebne so raziskave, ki bi za boljše razumevanje pojasnjevale številna druga tveganja in učinkovite programe za vitalnost kože. AbstRAct Introduction:The research aims to demonstrate the multidimensional needs and potential high-risk factors for developing pressure ulcer in adult patients in the intensive care. Methods: The analysis and synthesis of the evidence review from the EMERALD, CINAHL, PubMed, and ProQuest database were employed in the research. The search terms used were: "quality of care", "pressure ulcer", "prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers", "skin integrity critical care patients". The filtering search criteria were: the period from 2010 to 2013, full-text articles and articles in English. 280 search results met the initial criteria; 40 of those were reviewed and presented in accordance with the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The evidence quality was assessed according to the hierarchy of the research evidence. Results: 191 codes were identified and grouped into 11 content categories: intensive care setting -characteristics of some pressure ulcer development risk factors, duration of stay in the unit, vasoactive agents, gender, age, administrative diagnostic category, bed, mattress, Waterlow scale, pressure ulcer and the importance of stage I pressure ulcer. Discussion and conclusion: The research demonstrates the importance of introducing proactive measures to maintain the integrity of the skin of the patient. It focuses on the theoretical aspect of the tissue vitality and the promotion of the quality care. Further researches are needed for a deeper insight into the numerous other risks and efficient skin vitality programs. Članek je nastal na osnovi raziskovalnega projekta pri predmetu Na dok...

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Evaluation of three commonly used pressure ulcer risk assessment scales

Abstract: The Waterlow scale is the most widely used risk assessment scale in the UK and Ireland, even though there is no evidence to suggest it is more effective than the other most commonly used scales.

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Fabric-based pressure sensor array for decubitus ulcer monitoring

Fabric-based pressure sensor array for decubitus ulcer monitoring

Predictive validity of the Braden scale, Norton scale and Waterlow scale in Slovak Republic

Povezave med razjedo zaradi pritiska in ohranjanjem integritete kože pacienta v intenzivni zdravstveni obravnavi: pregled literature

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