Evaluation of Tibial Hemodynamic Response to Glucose Tolerance Test in Young Healthy Males and Females

Abstract

The relationship between glucose metabolism and bone health remains underexplored despite its clinical relevance. This study utilized the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to probe gender-specific disparities in tibial hemodynamic responses among young healthy adults. Twenty-eight healthy participants (14 males) aged 18–28 years old were recruited for this study. After ingesting a 75 g glucose solution, tibial hemodynamic responses were captured using NIRS in combination with a 5 min ischemic reperfusion technique, both before and at 30 min intervals for two hours post-glucose ingestion. Parameters measured included oxidative metabolic rate (via tissue saturation index [TSI]), immediate recovery slope after occlusion release (TSI10), and total recovery magnitude (ΔTSI). Post-glucose ingestion, both genders demonstrated a surge in blood glucose concentrations at every time point compared to baseline (p < 0.001, 0.002, 0.009, and 0.039 for males; p < 0.001, < 0.001, = 0.002, and 0.017 for females). Baseline tibial metabolic rate, TSI10, and ΔTSI did not significantly differ between males and females (p = 0.734, 0.839, and 0.164, respectively), with no discernible temporal effects in any hemodynamic parameters within each gender (p = 0.864, 0.308, and 0.399, respectively, for males; p = 0.973, 0.453, and 0.137, respectively, for females). We found comparable tibial hemodynamic responses to OGTT between genders. This study demonstrated the utility of NIRS in evaluating tibial hemodynamic responses to glucose ingestion through OGTT, enriching our understanding of the body’s metabolic responses to glucose intake.

Reference Values of Regional Oxygen Saturation (rSO2) Determined by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) for 18 Selected Regions of Interest (ROIs) in Young and Elderly Healthy Volunteers

“…From this perspective, NIRS was used in our study as a measurement to establish reference values for regional oxygen saturation. The research results published so far mainly concern lower extremity muscles (i.e., biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis) [40,41] and to a lesser extent the muscles of the upper limbs (i.e., biceps brachii, brachioradialis muscle, shoulder muscle, forearm flexors, triceps brachii) [41,42]. Only a few studies refer to the saturation of the trunk muscles (i.e., dorsal extensor, intercostal, multifidus, condylar and anterior dentate) [43].…”