Evaluation of time toxicity, residual effect, and growth-inhibiting property of Carapa guianensis and Copaifera sp. in Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Oils of Carapa guianensis and Copaifera spp. are well-known in the Amazonian region as natural insect repellents, and studies have reported their efficiency as larvicide against some mosquito species. However, toxicity persistence and effect on mosquito development have not yet been evaluated. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the initial time of larvicidal activity, residual effect, and the effect of very low concentrations of these oils on Aedes aegypti. Different concentrations of the oils were used to evaluate the initial time of larval mortality and residual effect, as well as, the development of larvae, pupae, and adults. Results demonstrated that the lethal effect started mainly between the first 2 and 3 h of larvae exposure to oils, when using concentrations which ranged from 500 mg/L of C. guianensis and 90 mg/L of Copaifera sp. The toxic effect remained with total efficiency (100% mortality) until the sixth day for Copaifera sp. and 12th day for C. guianensis. When using sublethal dosages (ranging from 140 mg/L of C. guianensis to 26 mg/L of Copaifera sp.) mortality was observed after the larval molt. Also, imperfection of pupae and adult development and unsuccessful emergence of adults were observed. A product of botanical origin that could break the development of immature stage of mosquitoes and inhibit the emergence of adults should be essential in vector control. Thus, our results provide new information for a better understanding in using C. guianensis and Copaifera sp. oils with a potential to be used as a natural insecticide.

A biodegradable device for the controlled release of Piper nigrum (Piperaceae) standardized extract to control Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) larvae

“…After this period, activity decreased, which was attributed to degradation of the active ingredients (19) . However, it is worth noting that PnE has a higher duration of residual activity compared with other natural products such as copaiba oil and andiroba, a characteristic of interest for the incorporation into CRD (43) .…”

Essential oils and their components as an alternative in the control of mosquito vectors of disease

“…Como ya se mencionó, los aceites esenciales pueden ser una fuente alternativa de agentes de control de mosquitos y otros insectos, ya que son ricos en compuestos con actividad biológica, son biodegradables y se transforman en productos no tóxicos, son amigables con el medio ambiente y están potencialmente adecuados para su uso en los programas de control integral (21,30,31). De hecho, muchos investigadores han informado sobre la eficacia de los aceites esenciales como agentes contra larvas y ejemplares adultos y, asimismo, como repelentes (14,23,(30)(31)(32).…”

“…De hecho, muchos investigadores han informado sobre la eficacia de los aceites esenciales como agentes contra larvas y ejemplares adultos y, asimismo, como repelentes (14,23,(30)(31)(32).…”

“…Desde hace décadas se vienen utilizando diversas partes de las plantas y sus extractos como agentes repelentes e insecticidas contra distintas especies de insectos (30). El limoneno y el carvacrol, por ejemplo, son dos terpenos utilizados frecuentemente como insecticidas, en tanto que el aceite esencial de eucalipto se ha empleado ampliamente como repelente natural de insectos (31).…”

Larvicidal activity of Copaifera sp. (Leguminosae) oleoresin microcapsules against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae

“…Among the various oils with insecticidal activity, the oleoresin extracted by tapping the trunk of the trees from several Copaifera species (known as copaiba and originated from the Amazon forest) exhibits excellent larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti vector of different diseases like dengue and yellow fever virus (Prophiro et al 2011;Geris et al 2008;Silva et al 2003Silva et al , 2007. The mainly biochemical substances known to cause mortality in mosquito larvae are dipertenoids (Geris et al 2008).…”