Evaluation of titanium alloy fabricated using electron beam melting system for dental applications

Koike, Mari; Martinez, Kelly; Le, Guo; Chahine, Gilbert; Kovacevic, Radovan; Okabe, Toru H.

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.03.013

Cited by 166 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Some researchers [22] found that the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of EBAM built specimens is higher than the wrought or annealed ones, with a lower ductility. However, others [23] presented that the UTS and ductility of the cast and wrought Ti-6Al-4V specimens were higher than those of EBAM counterparts. The reason for the difference could be attributed to the variation in the built parameters, which result in different structures such as composition, structures, pore size, and porosity distribution, etc.…”

Section: Tensile Testingmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Grain boundary a phase was found to be formed around the boundaries of the columnar prior b grains. Koike et al [23] compared the EBAM microstructures to counterparts from cast and wrought Ti specimens. For the cast specimen, a typical a-case microstructure consisting of columnar a-crystals can be clearly observed.…”

Section: Microstructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Koike et al [23] investigated and reported that the YS and UTS of the EBAM specimens were 735 and 775 MPa, respectively. The ductility was 2.3% elongation.…”

Section: Tensile Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Koike et al [23] investigated EBAM Ti-6Al-4V specimens by Vickers microhardness testing. The hardness of EBAM specimens were higher than that of the cast or wrought specimens, which is probably attributed to finer a/b lamellar microstructures according to Hall-Petch relation [40,41].…”

Section: Other Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on powder-based electron beam additive manufacturing technology

Gong

Anderson

Chou

2014

Manufacturing Review

149

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-This paper presents a thorough literature review of the powder-based electron beam additive manufacturing (EBAM) technology. EBAM, a relatively new additive manufacturing (AM) process, can produce full-density metallic parts directly from the electronic data of the designed part geometry. EBAM has gained broad attentions from different industries such as aerospace and biomedical, with great potential in a variety of applications. The paper first introduces the general aspects of EBAM. The unique characteristics, advantages and challenges of EBAM are then presented. Moreover, the hub of this paper includes extensive discussions of microstructures, mechanical properties, geometric attributes, which impact the application ranges of EBAM parts, with focus on commonly used titanium alloys (in particular, Ti-6Al-4V). In the end, modeling efforts and process metrology of the EBAM process are discussed as well.

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Section: Tensile Testingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Microstructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Koike et al [23] investigated and reported that the YS and UTS of the EBAM specimens were 735 and 775 MPa, respectively. The ductility was 2.3% elongation.…”

Section: Tensile Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on powder-based electron beam additive manufacturing technology

Gong

Anderson

Chou

2014

Manufacturing Review

149

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“…This value exceeds elongations obtained for cast materials, but is lower than elongations of wrought materials. Reported elongation values for EBM materials are very inconsistent: some authors report elongation values between 16% and 25% [60], while others quote a value of 2% [55,62] when oxygen content in the powder exceeded 0.34%. Both SLM and EBM fabrication methods can produce implants meeting the ASTM F136-13 [63] strength standards for wrought surgical implants.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Ti-6al-4v Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser and Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Methods of Fabricating Titanium Bone Implants

et al. 2017

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Featured Application: This work is a detailed comparison of the direct laser and electron additive manufacturing methods, which could help scientific research institutes and companies choose the best 3D printer system for the fabrication of titanium implants.Abstract: Additive Manufacturing (AM) methods are generally used to produce an early sample or near net-shape elements based on three-dimensional geometrical modules. To date, publications on AM of metal implants have mainly focused on knee and hip replacements or bone scaffolds for tissue engineering. The direct fabrication of metallic implants can be achieved by methods, such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) or Electron Beam Melting (EBM). This work compares the SLM and EBM methods used in the fabrication of titanium bone implants by analyzing the microstructure, mechanical properties and cytotoxicity. The SLM process was conducted in an environmental chamber using 0.4-0.6 vol % of oxygen to enhance the mechanical properties of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy. SLM processed material had high anisotropy of mechanical properties and superior UTS (1246-1421 MPa) when compared to the EBM (972-976 MPa) and the wrought material (933-942 MPa). The microstructure and phase composition depended on the used fabrication method. The AM methods caused the formation of long epitaxial grains of the prior β phase. The equilibrium phases (α + β) and non-equilibrium α' martensite was obtained after EBM and SLM, respectively. Although it was found that the heat transfer that occurs during the layer by layer generation of the component caused aluminum content deviations, neither methods generated any cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, in contrast to SLM, the EBM fabricated material met the ASTMF136 standard for surgical implant applications.

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