Evaluation of touch screen vibration accessibility for blind users

Awada, Amine; Issa, Youssef Bou; Tekli, Joe; Chbeir, Richard

doi:10.1145/2513383.2513430

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Blindfolding test participants to simulate blindness is a procedure used to validate accessible computational applications [Awada et al, 2013;Kamel and Landay, 2002;Pires et al, 2013;Goodman-Deane et al, 2007;Cardoso and Clarkson, 2012], and a common way to simulate low vision is to use special glasses with lenses that distort vision. Several low visual acuity simulators of this type exist and are commercially available [Zimmerman, 2019;Cardoso and Clarkson, 2012].…”

Section: Chartvision Test Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessible Bar Charts Through Textual Description Templates

Oliveira

Silva²,

Morais³

et al. 2023

JBCS

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Data charts are very prevalent in everyday life in different contexts, from economics to politics. However, people with blindness and low vision do not have easy access to this information since they use screen reader software. This software does not extract the information available graphically, but only the chart legend and the text. Among the solutions proposed in the literature, there are crowdsourcing techniques when a person is responsible for interpreting the chart, which can cause bias in the chart’s interpretation. To solve this problem, we proposed textual description templates for simple and grouped bar charts to inform the chart data in a standardized way to users, excluding the interpretation bias. The methodology of this work was divided into three stages: a definition of templates for textual description and testing with 30 participants; the application of textual description templates in an assistive technology tool and testing with 45 participants; the validation of the results found through interviews and tests with 3 specialists. We have iteratively refined templates generated at each stage with users tests, and we carried out quantitative and qualitative analyses. An assistive technology tool, ChartVision, was developed to consume the templates. Finally, we interviewed a specialist about how he would explain chart materials to blind students at university, and we carried out a validation of the final templates with two other professionals from the health and education areas who deal with people with blind people in their daily lives. The main contributions are three textual description bar charts templates: simple bar for applications with sequential reading or reading on-demand, grouped bar for applications with sequential reading, and grouped bar for applications on-demand. The secondary contribution is ChartVision. Other findings include considerations about the synthetic voice used in the tests, expected characteristics for a better understanding of the chart, and interaction ways to access the information.

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Section: Chartvision Test Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessible Bar Charts Through Textual Description Templates

Oliveira

Silva²,

Morais³

et al. 2023

JBCS

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“…The most common actuation approach in this regard is vibrotactile. Low-cost vibration motors embedded in mobile devices have been frequently utilized for this purpose and several studies have already reported that this approach is viable in recognizing non-visual graphics and shapes (Poppinga et al, 2011;Toennies et al, 2011;Giudice et al, 2012;Awada et al, 2013;Palani and Giudice, 2014;Tennison and Gorlewicz, 2016).…”

Section: Tactile Graphicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To increase the effectiveness of these displays, it is critical to understand how we perceive tactile graphics displayed on their touch surfaces and what exploratory procedures are followed by the users to perceive them. Although, earlier research has investigated this topic for vibrotactile feedback alone (Toennies et al, 2011;Giudice et al, 2012;Awada et al, 2013;Palani and Giudice, 2014;Tennison and Gorlewicz, 2016;Tekli et al, 2018) and also the combination with auditory feedback (Poppinga et al, 2011;Giudice et al, 2012;Tennison and Gorlewicz, 2019;Gorlewicz et al, 2020), to our knowledge, no previous work has investigated it for electrovibration in depth. In comparison to vibrotactile feedback which mainly stimulates the finger in the normal direction, electrovibration modulates the sliding friction between finger and the touch surface in the tangential direction.…”

Section: Our Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration Strategies for Tactile Graphics Displayed by Electrovibration on a Touchscreen

Sadia,

Sadic,

Ayyildiz

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Advancements in surface haptics technology have given rise to the development of interactive applications displaying tactile content on touch surfaces such as images, signs, diagrams, plots, charts, graphs, maps, networks, and tables. In those applications, users manually explore the touch surface to interact with the tactile data using some intuitive strategies. The user's exploration strategy, tactile data's complexity, and tactile rendering method all affect the user's haptic perception, which plays a critical role in design and prototyping of those applications. In this study, we conducted experiments with human participants to investigate the recognition rate and time of five tactile shapes (i.e., triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, and octagon) rendered by electrovibration on a touchscreen using three different methods and displayed in prototypical orientation and non-prototypical orientations (i.e., 15 degrees CW and CCW to the prototypical orientation). The results showed that the correct recognition rate of the shapes was higher when the haptically active area (area where electrovibration was on) was larger. However, as the number of edges was increased, the recognition time increased and the recognition rate dropped significantly, arriving to a value slightly higher than the chance rate of 20% for non-prototypical octagon. Moreover, the recognition time for inside rendering condition was significantly shorter in comparison with edge and outside rendering conditions and edge rendering condition led to the longest recognition time. We also recorded the participants' finger movements on the touchscreen to examine their haptic exploration strategies. Based on our temporal analysis, we classified six exploration strategies adopted by participants to identify the shapes, which were different for the prototypical and non-prototypical shapes. Moreover, our spatial analysis revealed that the participants first used

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Seeing-and-Being-Seen: Affordances of Sensors and Screens

Jachna

2021

Wiring the Streets, Surfing the Square

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Evaluation of touch screen vibration accessibility for blind users

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Accessible Bar Charts Through Textual Description Templates

Accessible Bar Charts Through Textual Description Templates

Exploration Strategies for Tactile Graphics Displayed by Electrovibration on a Touchscreen

Seeing-and-Being-Seen: Affordances of Sensors and Screens

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