Evaluation of Toxicity of Plant Extract Made by Neem and Matrine against Main Pests and Natural Enemies

Abstract

: KNI3126 which is the eco-friendly material made by plant extracts -neem and matrine -have been evaluated for efficacies against 6 main pests and toxicity on natural enemies. Insecticidal efficacies of KNI3126 against plant hopper were above 95% at 5 days after treatment (DAT), whereas pesticidal effects against the cotton aphid were above 95% at 3 DAT and slightly decreased at 5 DAT. Insecticidal efficacy against the palm thrips resulted in lower control value as 68.1% than that of chemical insecticides. KNI3126 showed more than 95% control value against diamond back moth, suggesting that it could suppress the population of pest hard to control as eco-friendly material. Mortalities against two-spotted spider mite were about 80% at 1 DAT and over 90% at 5 DAT, respectively. For evaluation of the toxicity on natural enemies, effect against predatory natural enemy was classified as moderate selective toxicity based on the criterion of International Organization of Bio-Control (IOBC), whereas against parasitic natural enemies was found to be relatively safe. Repellent effect was weak against plant hopper, but strong against two-spotted spider mite. In the toxicity test for safety, KNI3126 was classified as the lowest level at acute oral, acute dermal and fish toxicity test and did not induce the irritancy at skin irritation test and eye irritation test. KEY WORDS

Toxicological and biochemical basis of synergism between the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium and the insecticide matrine against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)

“…In addition to the contact toxicity, matrine has shown antifeedant activities against Formosan subterranean termites ( Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki) and two spotted spider mite ( Tetranychus urticae Koch)1419. Hwang et al 20. described the efficacy of a chemical formulation (KNI3126) based on a mixture of matrine and neem oil against different sucking insect pests and phytophagous mites confirming the toxic as well as biological action of matrine against phytophagous arthropods with different feeding habits.…”

Residue Patterns of Active Ingredients Derived from Melia Azedarach, Nerium Ndicum, and Coptis Chinensis in Rice Using LC-MS/MS

“…(Melia azedarach)은 limonoid계의 azadirachtin과는 다른 terpenoids를 함유하여 여러 곤충 종에 대하여 생장억제 효과 를 가진 살충제로서 상업적으로 이용되고 있다 (Schmutterer, 1980;Hwang et al, 2009). 협죽도(Nerium indicum)는 사람과 동물에 독성을 나타내는 식물이지만 (Langford and Boor, 1996;Al-Yahya et al, 2000), 한편으로 항세균 (Mostaqul et al, 1999), 살충 (Hassan, 1996) 및 항염 증 활성을 가지고 있다 (Erdemoglu et al, 2003).…”

In vitro Antimutagenic and Genotoxic Effects of Sophora Radix Extracts

“…기농업자재의 약효 등에 대한 개발 연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다 (Lim et al, 2007;Hwang et al, 2009). 유기농업자재 중에서 식물추출물의 공시 및 인증 비율이 2013년 현재 20%에 달하고 있으며, 특히 고삼추출물은 뛰어난 살충효과 를 가지는 것으로 알려져 (Hwang et al, 2009), 우리나라에 서 유기농업자재 제품에 널리 활용되고 있다.…”

“…유기농업자재 중에서 식물추출물의 공시 및 인증 비율이 2013년 현재 20%에 달하고 있으며, 특히 고삼추출물은 뛰어난 살충효과 를 가지는 것으로 알려져 (Hwang et al, 2009), 우리나라에 서 유기농업자재 제품에 널리 활용되고 있다. 고삼은 약 4%의 alkaloid 성분으로 이루어져 있으며 (Ding et al, 1992), alkaloid 성분으로 matrine과 oxymatrine 등 으로 함유되어 있다 (Kyogoku et al, 1973).…”