Evaluation of Two AIDS Prevention Interventions for Inner-City Adolescent and Young Adult Women

Quirk, Mark E.; Godkin, Michael A.; Schwenzfeier, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(18)30762-1

Cited by 51 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Outpatient settings of the trials included: Public STD clinics [28], urban family planning clinics [57], hospital adolescent clinics [58,64], STD clinic [59], medical center STD clinic [61], an adolescent health clinic affiliated with a medical school [62], family health center [63].…”

Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three studies included both males and females[28, 60,61], one included only males [59], and five included only females [57,58,[62][63][64]. Sample sizes of adolescents ranged from 75 to 4,328.…”

Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample sizes of adolescents ranged from 75 to 4,328. Six study samples were majority Black[28,35-59,61,62] while two samples were majority White [60,63] and one sample was 47% White and 53% Black [64]. The characteristics of usual care clinicians was not described in any of the trials.…”

Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Study Methods-Eight of the nine trials were randomized controlled trials[28, [57][58][59][60][61][62]64] and one was a non-randomized comparison group trial [63]. In trials with randomization, adolescents were randomly assigned to conditions.…”

Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In trials with randomization, adolescents were randomly assigned to conditions. Follow-up varied from 1 [63] to twelve months[28, 57,58,60,61].…”

Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Clinical Trials Testing the Effectiveness of Clinician Intervention Approaches to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Adolescent Outpatients

Boekeloo¹,

Griffin²

2005

CPR

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Objective-Identify approaches for improving clinician provision of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) prevention services among outpatient adolescents.Methods-Reviewed all peer-reviewed, published clinical trials identified through computerized searches (MEDLINE, PsychINFO) evaluating STD prevention services to outpatient adolescents by clinicians.Results-Five trials were identified examining changes in clinician provision of STD prevention services. Two of these trials resulted in adolescent self-reported risk reduction but neither of these trials effectively demonstrated reductions in objectively measured STD incidence. Nine clinical trials were identified that compared clinician with non-clinician provision of STD prevention services. Four of these trials resulted in adolescent self-reported risk reduction, and one of these trials demonstrated a reduction in objectively measured STD incidence.Conclusions-Trials indicate that improvement in outpatient adolescent STD incidence is possible with non-clinicians as interventionists, and perhaps clinicians as interventionists if clinicians are supported by other educational resources. Opportunities for personalized, interactive adolescent education appears key to intervention success. The clinician role that is tested in most trials is confined to a single brief encounter with little attention to: development of clinician skills, quality of psychosexual risk assessment and tailoring to meet individual adolescent need, systemslevel resources and supports, the parental role, or the impact of incorporating prevention into an ongoing adolescent-clinician relationship.

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Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In trials with randomization, adolescents were randomly assigned to conditions. Follow-up varied from 1 [63] to twelve months[28, 57,58,60,61].…”

Section: Trials Comparing Clinician To Non-clinician Provision Of Stdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Clinical Trials Testing the Effectiveness of Clinician Intervention Approaches to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Adolescent Outpatients

Boekeloo¹,

Griffin²

2005

CPR

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Interventions for encouraging sexual lifestyles and behaviours intended to prevent cervical cancer

Shepherd

Peersman

Napuli³

1999

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Interventions for encouraging sexual behaviours intended to prevent cervical cancer

Shepherd

Frampton

Harris

2011

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the key risk factor for cervical cancer. Continuing high rates of HPV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in young people demonstrate the need for effective behavioural interventions. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of behavioural interventions for young women to encourage safer sexual behaviours to prevent transmission of STIs (including HPV) and cervical cancer. Search methods Systematic literature searches were performed on the following databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL Issue 4, 2009) Cochrane Gynaecological Cancer Review Group (CGCRG) Specialised Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Social Science Citation Index and Trials Register of Promoting Health Interventions (TRoPHI) up to the end of 2009. All references were screened for inclusion against selection criteria. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioural interventions for young women up to the age of 25 years that included, amongst other things, information provision about the transmission and prevention of STIs. Trials had to measure behavioural outcomes (e.g. condom use) and/or biological outcomes (e.g. incidence of STIs, cervical cancer). Data collection and analysis A narrative synthesis was conducted. Meta-analysis was not considered appropriate due to heterogeneity between the interventions and trial populations. Main results A total of 5271 references were screened and of these 23 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Most were conducted in the USA and in health-care clinics (e.g. family planning). The majority of interventions provided information about STIs and taught safer sex skills (e.g. communication), occasionally supplemented with provision of resources (e.g. free sexual health services). They were heterogeneous in duration, contact time, provider, behavioural aims and outcomes. A variety of STIs were addressed including HIV and chlamydia. None of the trials explicitly mentioned HPV or cervical cancer prevention. Statistically significant effects for behavioural outcomes (e.g. increasing condom use) were common, though not universal and varied according to the type of outcome. There were no statistically significant effects of abstaining from or reducing sexual activity. There were few statistically significant effects on biological (STI) outcomes. Considerable uncertainty exists in the risk of bias due to incomplete or ambiguous reporting. Authors’ conclusions Behavioural interventions for young women which aim to promote sexual behaviours protective of STI transmission can be effective, primarily at encouraging condom use. Future evaluations should include a greater focus on HPV and its link to cervical cancer, with long-term follow-up to assess impact on behaviour change, rates of HPV infection and progression to cervical cancer. Studies should use an RCT design where possible with integral process evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis where appropriate. Given the predominance of USA studies in t...

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Evaluation of Two AIDS Prevention Interventions for Inner-City Adolescent and Young Adult Women

Cited by 51 publications

References 16 publications

Review of Clinical Trials Testing the Effectiveness of Clinician Intervention Approaches to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Adolescent Outpatients

Review of Clinical Trials Testing the Effectiveness of Clinician Intervention Approaches to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Adolescent Outpatients

Interventions for encouraging sexual lifestyles and behaviours intended to prevent cervical cancer

Interventions for encouraging sexual behaviours intended to prevent cervical cancer

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