Evaluation of two cross-flow ultrafiltration membranes for isolating marine organic colloids

Dai, Minhan; Buesseler, Ken O.; Ripple, Paul; Andrews, James W.; Belastock, Rebecca A.; Gustafsson, Örjan; Moran, S. Bradley

doi:10.1016/s0304-4203(98)00028-0

Cited by 69 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The bottles were cleaned by soaking in 0.5 mol L Ϫ1 HCl followed by 0.1 mol L Ϫ1 NaOH for 24 h each. Water samples were filtered through precombusted (470ЊC for 4 h) 0.7-m GF/F glass fiber filters (Whatman International), followed by concentration using a Pellicon 2 Mini tangential flow ultrafiltration system equipped with a nominal 1,000 Da molecular-weight cut-off regenerated cellulose membrane (Millipore) (Dai et al 1998). The water samples were concentrated to 100 ml at an inlet pressure of 10 psi and an outlet pressure of 8 psi.…”

Section: Sampling and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in an oligotrophic subtropical wetland/estuarine

et al. 2005

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Fluorescence properties of whole water samples and molecular characteristics of ultrafiltrated dissolved organic matter (UDOM Ͼ 1,000 D) such as lignin phenol and neutral sugar compositions and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were determined along a freshwater to marine gradient in Everglades National Park. Furthermore, UDOM samples were categorized by hierarchical cluster analysis based on their pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry products. Fluorescence properties suggest that autochthonous DOM leached/exuded from biomass is quantitatively important in this system. 13C NMR spectra showed that UDOM from the oligotrophic Taylor Slough (TS) and Florida Bay (FB) ecosystems has low aromatic C (13% Ϯ 3% for TS; 2% Ϯ 2% for FB) and very high O-alkyl C (54% Ϯ 4% for TS; 75% Ϯ 4% for FB) concentrations. High O-alkyl C concentrations in FB suggest seagrass/phytoplankton communities as dominant sources of UDOM. The amount of neutral sugars was not appreciably different between the TS and FB sites (115 Ϯ 12 mg C g C Ϫ1 UDOM) but their concentrations suggest a low level of diagenesis and high production rates of this material in this oligotrophic environment. Total yield of lignin phenols (vanillyl ϩ syringyl phenols) in TS was low (0.20-0.39 mg 100 mg C Ϫ1 UDOM) compared with other riverine environments and even lower in FB (0.04-0.07 mg 100 mg C Ϫ1 UDOM) and could be a result of photodegradation and/or dilution by other autochthonous DOM. The high O-alkyl and low aromatic nature of this UDOM suggests significant biogenic inputs (as compared with soils) and limited bioavailability in this ecosystem.

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Section: Sampling and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in an oligotrophic subtropical wetland/estuarine

et al. 2005

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“…So far, CFF has mainly been used to collect marine colloids and there are several evaluations of the performance of different filtration systems used with high-salinity waters (Gustafsson et al, 1996;Greenamoyer and Moran, 1996;Dai et al, 1998). Ultrafiltration of fresh waters seems to be more demanding, and systematic CFF experiments for fresh waters are sparse (Buffle et al, 1978;Guo et al, 2001;Larsson et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of calcium with colloidal particles and speciation of calcium in the Kalix and Amazon rivers

Dahlqvist

Benedetti

Andersson

et al. 2004

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Abstract-A considerable amount of colloidally bound Ca has been detected in water samples from Amazonian rivers and the Kalix River, a sub-arctic boreal river. Fractionation experiments using several analytical techniques and processing tools were conducted in order to elucidate the matter. Results show that on average 84% of the total Ca concentration is present as free Ca. Particulate, colloidal and complexed Ca constitute the remaining 16%, of which the colloidal fraction is significant. Ultrafiltration experiments show that the colloidal fraction in the sampled Amazonian rivers and the Kalix River range between 1% and 25%.In both the Amazonian and the Kalix rivers the technique of cross-flow ultrafiltration was used to isolate particles and colloids. The difference in concentration measured with ICP-AES and a Ca ion-selective electrode in identical samples was used to define the free Ca concentration and thus indirectly the magnitude of the particulate, colloidal and complexed fractions. Results from the Kalix and Amazonian rivers are in excellent agreement. Furthermore, the results show that the colloidal concentrations of Ca can be greatly overestimated (up to 227%) when conventional analysis and calculation of ultrafiltration data is used due to retention of free Ca ions during the ultrafiltration process. Calculation methods for colloidal matter are presented in this work, using complementary data from ISE analysis.In the Kalix River temporal changes in the fractionation of Ca were studied before, during and after a spring-flood event. Changes in the size distribution of colloidally associated Ca was studied using FlFFF (Flow Field-Flow Fractionation) coupled on-line to a HR ICP-MS. The FlFFF-HR ICP-MS fractograms clearly show the colloidal component of Ca, supporting the ultrafiltration findings. During winter conditions the size distribution of colloidally associated Ca has a concentration maximum at ϳ5 to 10 nm in diameter, shifting to smaller sizes (Ͻ5 nm) during and after the spring flood. This shift in size distribution follows a change in the river during this period from ironoxyhydroxy colloids being the most important colloidal carrier phase to humic substances during and after the spring flood.WHAM and NICA-Donnan models were used to calculate the amount of colloidally bound Ca. The results similar for both models, show that on average 16% of the Ca may be associated to a colloidal phase, which is in broad agreement with the measurements.

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“…The CFF techniques adapted for this study have been used previously for studies of trace constituents in both freshwater and marine environments (27)(28)(29)(30). The CFF membranes used for this study (consisting of three parallel-configured, spiral-wound CFF membranes, Prep/ Scale PLAC, Millipore Corp.) are composed of regenerated cellulose and are rated by the manufacturer to exhibit a nominal molecular weight cutoff of 1 kDa (29)(30)(31). The concentration of colloid-associated Pu (Pucolloidal, 1 kDa -0.2 µm) is calculated from the Pu concentrations measured in the permeate (Pupermeate) and retentate (Puretentate) sample fractions and a concentration factor term (cf), which is the ratio of the initial mass of the sample to the mass of the retentate fraction at the conclusion of CFF processing:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of studies have shown that the retention characteristics of different CFF systems vary dramatically due to membrane-specific differences, operational procedures, and chemical-specific properties of the colloid of interest (27,30,32). The CFF membranes used in this study were thoroughly evaluated under operating conditions identical to those encountered in the field just prior to sampling (30).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speciation, Mobility and Fate of Actinides in the Groundwater at the Hanford Site

Buesseler¹,

Dai²,

Repeta³

et al. 2003

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Evaluation of two cross-flow ultrafiltration membranes for isolating marine organic colloids

Cited by 69 publications

References 38 publications

Chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in an oligotrophic subtropical wetland/estuarine

Chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in an oligotrophic subtropical wetland/estuarine

Association of calcium with colloidal particles and speciation of calcium in the Kalix and Amazon rivers

Speciation, Mobility and Fate of Actinides in the Groundwater at the Hanford Site

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