Evaluation of two methods for enumerating the soil weed seedbank

Rahman, A.; James, T.K.; Grbavac, N.; Mellsop, J.

doi:10.30843/nzpp.1995.48.11550

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Each soil core was individually bagged and numbered. Weed seeds were extracted and enumerated from each core by the MAFQual Official Seed Testing Station using the method previously described (Rahman et al 1995). Briefly, individual cores were washed through a fine mesh to remove soil particles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a related study conducted at five of the above sites, soil cores of two different diameters (25 mm and 75 mm) were also collected from each of the 30 sampling points. Weed seed in these samples were enumerated using the seedling emergence method previously described (Rahman et al 1995). Briefly, each sample was spread thinly onto porous cloth material over wet vermiculite.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How many samples are required to describe an arable seedbank and which method of seed enumeration is best suited for studying seed population dynamics in the soil? Our recent studies aimed to evaluate the seed enumeration methods for estimating the weed seedbank have shed some light on the second question (Rahman et al 1995;. The work reported in this paper was designed to evaluate the relationship between the number of soil samples and the number and density of weed seeds in arable soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil sampling studies for estimation of weed seedbanks

Rahman¹,

James²,

Waller³

et al. 1997

pnzppc

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Studies were conducted during 1996-97 to develop guidelines for soil sampling to best estimate the weed seedbank. Results based on samplings from 15 arable sites showed large within site variations. For predicting a given seed population with some accuracy, either the species has to be present in large numbers (>1000/m 2 ) and/or large numbers of soil cores need to be taken. Comparison of results from 25 mm and 75 mm diameter cores (from 5 arable sites), showed that collecting the same quantity of soil with a greater number of smaller cores would give better estimates. For practical purposes, approximately 25 cores, each 25 mm diameter, may provide a sufficient size sample for fields of annual crops such as maize.FIGURE 3: Variance versus the mean for two different core sizes (25 and 75mm diam.), with separate splines fitted. For comparison these counts were adjusted to a common area (75mm diam.) basis. Ecology and Management of Weeds

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil sampling studies for estimation of weed seedbanks

Rahman¹,

James²,

Waller³

et al. 1997

pnzppc

Self Cite

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“…We have determined the seedbank species composition and density in a large number of soil samples collected from the field over the past 8 years using two methods: (i) seed extraction by washing and dry sieving; and (ii) seedling enumeration in trays placed in the greenhouse. Details of these methods are provided by Rahman et al (1995, 1998). Briefly, for the seed extraction method, the soil samples were oven dried at 60°C for 24 h immediately after collection to halt the germination of seed while awaiting analysis.…”

Section: Methods For Enumerating Weed Seedbanksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determination of the density of viable weed seeds in a soil sample is a tedious and slow process. The two usual techniques, based on physical extraction of seeds or greenhouse germination and enumeration of seedlings, both have several advantages as well as problems (Gross 1990; Rahman et al 1995). Most studies on weed seedbanks have demonstrated large variability in both density and composition between samples taken from the same site (Benoit et al 1992; Rahman et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of weed seedbanks for managing weeds: a review of recent New Zealand research

Rahman

James

Grbavac³

2001

Weed Biology and Management

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Weed seedbanks are the primary source of weeds in cultivated soils. Some knowledge of the weed seedbank may therefore be appropriate for integrated weed management programs. It would also be very useful in planning herbicide programs and reducing the total herbicide use. However, a number of problems are inherent in the estimation of the seedbank size for arable weeds that usually have annual life cycles. In a long-term research project we have investigated the dynamics of weed seedbanks in corn fields for the past 8 years. Specific studies have included (i) developing cheap and efficient methods for estimating the weed seedbank; (ii) developing guidelines for efficient soil sampling (including the number and size of samples); (iii) influence of cultivation methods on weed seed distribution; (iv) mapping the spatial variability of the seedbank; (v) estimating the rate of seedbank decline for certain weed species; and (vi) assessing the potential of using the weed seed content in the soil to predict future weed problems. This paper reviews and summarizes the results of our research on the above aspects. The strong correlation between seedlings emerged in the greenhouse and seeds extracted in the laboratory for the most abundant weed species has demonstrated the potential for using the weed seed content of the soil to predict future weed infestations. The next step is to establish correlations with field emergence under commercial conditions using the sampling guidelines developed in our studies. Subsequently, we aim to offer the weed seedbank estimation as a commercial service to farmers for planning the most appropriate weed management options.

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Grazing strategies for resilience of ryegrass (

Tozer

Müller²,

Craven³

et al. 2021

Crop & Pasture Science

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Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is a widely sown pasture species in temperate regions. Under heat and moisture-deficit stress, its production is suppressed and tiller mortality increases, particularly when plants are simultaneously exposed to other stresses such as intense defoliation. We investigated the effects of extended grazing exclusion periods in spring and summer on herbage and soils of rotationally grazed, perennial ryegrass-dominant pastures at a summer-wet site and a summer-dry site in sheep and beef hill country in New Zealand. Treatments comprised ‘grazed’ (conventional rotational grazing), ‘early opening’ (grazing exclusion from mid-spring to mid-summer to allow perennial ryegrass to flower), and ‘deferred grazing’ (grazing exclusion from mid-spring to late summer to allow perennial ryegrass to flower and set seed). At both sites, deferred grazing increased perennial ryegrass tiller density and total vegetation cover, and reduced the abundance of broadleaf species and Pseudopithomyces chartarum spores for up to 15 months after exclusion compared with the grazed control. Herbage production was reduced during the deferred period but there was a growth surge thereafter so that herbage production over the study period was similar in the deferred and grazed treatments. Pasture nutritive values were lower in the deferred than the grazed treatment during the exclusion period but were similar in all treatments by the end of the following winter. In the autumn after deferring, seedlings contributed ~50% of the perennial ryegrass tillers present at the summer-dry site but only ~10% at the summer-wet site, where regrowth tillering of existing plants contributed a high proportion of the perennial ryegrass tillers present. Overall, early opening had few effects on the pasture, whereas deferred grazing had numerous positive effects on the pasture but only short-term effects on soil quality.

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Evaluation of two methods for enumerating the soil weed seedbank

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Soil sampling studies for estimation of weed seedbanks

Soil sampling studies for estimation of weed seedbanks

Potential of weed seedbanks for managing weeds: a review of recent New Zealand research

Grazing strategies for resilience of ryegrass (

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