Evaluation of two school smoking education programmes under normal classroom conditions.

Nutbeam, Don; Macaskill, Petra; Smith, Cambray; Simpson, Judy M.; Catford, John

doi:10.1136/bmj.306.6870.102

Cited by 119 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Un dato interesante es que no hubo diferencias entre fumadores y no fumadores conforme al grado de información recibida en la escuela sobre el tabaco y el daño a su salud. Existe, en este sentido, alguna evidencia de otros estudios de que el aumento de conocimientos impartidos en la escuela no provoca reducción en la tasa de fumadores 9,24,25 . Intimidar a los niños con hechos mórbidos probablemente sea ineficaz.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Tabaquismo durante la adolescencia temprana: estudio en escolares argentinos

Bolzán¹,

Peleteiro²

2003

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Como contraposición se observa el efecto ganador de las propagandas realizadas por las industrias tabacaleras 14,26 . Mientras que algunos programas han reportado cierto éxito en la prevención entre jóvenes 9,27-30 otros reflejan una pobre eficiencia 24,31,32 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Tabaquismo durante la adolescencia temprana: estudio en escolares argentinos

Bolzán¹,

Peleteiro²

2003

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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“…16 17 Gilchrist et al 17 found that, in an evaluation of a self control intervention, smoking rates in the intervention group-which received in-class sessions on factual information about smoking and health-were higher than in the control group. Finally, in an evaluation of two school based smoking education programmes in Wales, Nutbeam 18 reported that non-smoking youth exposed to the programmes were less likely to remain never smokers compared to non-smokers not exposed to the programme.…”

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confidence: 99%

The St-Louis du Parc Heart Health Project: a critical analysis of the reverse effects on smoking

Rénaud¹

2003

Tob Control

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Objectives: Although some school based smoking prevention programmes have shown positive impacts, others have had only short term effects, no effects, and in some cases reverse effects. The St-Louis du Parc Heart Health Project was a five year heart health promotion programme targeting children in eight elementary schools aged 9-12 years in disadvantaged multiethnic neighbourhoods in Montreal. In a controlled, longitudinal evaluation, the programme produced reverse effects on smoking-children exposed to the programme were more likely to initiate and to continue smoking than control children. This article explores hypotheses to explain the reverse effects. Design: Following work by an in-house committee, a consensus workshop with international experts was conducted to develop hypotheses to explain the reverse effects. This was complemented by an analysis of the programme's concordance with the standard guidelines on the school based prevention of tobacco use, and discussions with experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: The programme respected most standard guidelines for smoking prevention programmes with respect to content and mode of delivery. Hypotheses to explain the reverse effects include: an unfavourable environment characterised by strong pro-smoking models and resistance to environmental interventions; heightened sensitivity to smoking among children most exposed to the programme; defence mechanisms among children stimulated by cognitive dissonance or anxiety; unanticipated effects associated with the health educator who delivered the programme; inadequate attention in programme development to the diverse cultural origins of the population targeted; and intervention content inappropriately targeted to children's stages of cognitive development. Conclusion: Elementary school based interventions should aim to develop a clear and coherent social norm about the non-use of tobacco, as a precursor to or in close conjunction with having children as their primary target. Programme design should take key student characteristics into consideration and ensure that the modes of communication are adapted to the targeted group's characteristics. Neighbourhood level interventions should be orchestrated to complement regional, provincial, and national programmes.

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“…Siden Horn gjennomførte sine studier, har det kommet mange undersøkelser av liknende type. Noen evalueringer har ikke påvist noen vesentlig virkning av slike tiltak (7,8), mens andre har gitt større grunn til optimisme. Det er utviklet nye begreper, modeller og teorier som gir oss holdepunkter for hva slags faktorer som er avgjørende for barn og unges røyke-vaner, og som gjør at vi kan forbedre intervensjonsmetodene (9,4).…”

Section: Innledningunclassified

Skolebasert forebygging av røyking blant ungdom

m.fl¹

2009

Nor J Epidemiol

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SAMMENDRAGI første del av denne artikkelen gjennomgås en del utvalgte studier av skolebaserte tiltak mot røyking. Utviklingen har gått gjennom tre faser der den siste generasjonen er de omfattende tiltakene som baserer seg på en sosial påvirkningsmodell. Godt planlagte tiltak som er basert på denne modellen har vist seg å føre til at faerre begynner å røyke. I artikkelens andre del presenteres et prosjekt som gjennomføres av Den Norske Kreftforening og som omfatter 4 441 elever fra 195 klasser ved 99 ungdomsskoler. Valg av undervisningstema og pedagogiske tilnaerminger er begrunnet i aktuelle sosialpsykologiske begreper og modeller og erfaringer fra tidligere forskning. Intervensjonen bygger et stykke på vei på en sosial påvirkningsmodell. Skolene er delt i fire grupper. Gruppe A er kontrollgruppe. Elevene i gruppe B gjennomgår et undervisningsprogram, foreldrene involveres og laererne gjennomgår kurser i hvordan de skal gjennomføre intervensjonen. I gruppe C gjør en det samme som i gruppe B, men laererne kurses ikke. I gruppe D gjør en det samme som i gruppe B, men foreldrene involveres ikke. Underveis gjennomføres det blant annet spørreskjemaunder-søkelser blant elevene for å studere endringer i røykevaner, hvilke grupper av elever en lykkes best i å nå, hvordan elevene reagerer på tiltakene og hva som kan forklare eventuelle positive virkninger av intervensjonene. Foreløpige analyser av resultatene etter et halvt års oppfølging tyder på at det er faerrest som begynner å røyke i gruppe B, med andre ord at virkningene av tiltakene er best der laererne kurses og foreldrene involveres.Jøsendal O, Aarø LE, Bergh IH. School-based prevention of smoking among youths.Nor J Epidemiol 1995; 5 (2): 161-170. ENGLISH SUMMARYThe first part of this article presents selected studies of school-based intervention programmes against smoking. Historically it can be distinguished between three phases in the development of such programmes. The last generation are the comprehensive social influence programmes. Carefully planned and designed interventions which have been based on this model have succeeded in hindering a substantial proportion of young people from starting smoking. The second part of this article presents a project which is administered by the The Cancer Society of Norway and which takes the social influences model as its point of departure. The project encompasses 4 441 pupils in 195 classes at 99 secondary schools in Norway. The educational approach as well as the choice of topics covered are guided by relevant theory as well as findings from previous research. The schools have been allocated to four groups. Group A serves as control. The pupils in group B participate in the teaching programme, their parents are involved, and the teachers attend courses in school-based anti-smoking intervention. The pupils in group C are exposed to the same conditions as group B, but the teachers are not offered the course. Pupils in group D are exposed to the same conditions as group B, but their parents are not involved. Questionn...

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Evaluation of two school smoking education programmes under normal classroom conditions.

Cited by 119 publications

References 17 publications

Tabaquismo durante la adolescencia temprana: estudio en escolares argentinos

Tabaquismo durante la adolescencia temprana: estudio en escolares argentinos

The St-Louis du Parc Heart Health Project: a critical analysis of the reverse effects on smoking

Skolebasert forebygging av røyking blant ungdom

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