Evaluation of Visitor Counting Technologies and Their Energy Saving Potential through Demand-Controlled Ventilation

Kuutti, Jussi; Blomqvist, Kim; Sepponen, Raimo

doi:10.3390/en7031685

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Another alternative technology can be used to determine the presence of visitors. For example, visitor-counting sensors at the door can generate signals while a person is passing [27]. Visitor-counting sensors can work in various ways, including by visual appearance of a visitor, heat emission, reflections of the body surface, or pressure against the floor [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Study to Test the Feasibility of a Home Mobility Monitoring System in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Son

Kim

2019

IJERPH

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Technology enables home-based personalized care through continuous, automated, real-time monitoring of a participant’s health condition and remote communication between health care providers and participants. Technology has been implemented in a variety of nursing practices. However, little is known about the use of home mobility monitoring systems in visiting nursing practice. Therefore, the current study tested the feasibility of a home mobility monitoring system as a supportive tool for monitoring daily activities in community-dwelling older adults. Daily mobility data were collected for 15 months via home-based mobility monitoring sensors among eight older adults living alone. Indoor sensor outputs were categorized into sleeping, indoor activities, and going out. Atypical patterns were identified with reference to baseline activity. Daily indoor activities were clearly differentiated by sensor outputs and sensor outputs discriminated atypical activity patterns. During the year of monitoring, a health-related issue was identified in a participant. Our findings indicate the feasibility of a home mobility monitoring system for remote, continuous, and automated assessment of a participant’s health-related mobility patterns. Such a system could be used as a supportive tool to detect and intervene in the case of problematic health issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Study to Test the Feasibility of a Home Mobility Monitoring System in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Son

Kim

2019

IJERPH

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“…Thus, the sensor is closer to the source of carbon dioxide emission, and as a result the response of the sensor to the changes is improved. Double-beam sensors, which are used for counting occupants, are installed at a height about 1.20m, in order to minimize the probability of double-counts due to arm movement [7]. For the PIR motion sensors, make sure there are no uncovered critical areas in space.…”

Section: Placement Of Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-sensorial network placement for building performance analysis and evaluation and facility management

Zikos¹,

Tryferidis²,

Krinidis³

et al. 2016

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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The paper presents the process of placing a multi-sensorial network comprised of a large number of heterogeneous sensors, able to provide accurate information about energy consumption, occupancy, comfort conditions and environmental quality. The proper selection of the sensors' type and location is very important for the accurate representation of the building information in order that the building's real conditions are represented properly. The multi-sensorial network consists of multiple heterogeneous sensors, such as depth sensors, PIR motion, door counters, acoustic sensors, RFID, luminance, temperature, CO2, humidity sensors, actuators, etc. and is able to provide in real-time an all-inclusive perspective of the real-life conditions of the building under interest. The selected building information is combined and analysed in order to evaluate and assess its performance related to energy consumption as well as occupants' comfort and satisfaction. To this end, visual analytics techniques are utilized, which are able to visualize the building information in a comprehensive way, closer to human perception. The building information is visualized in the spatio-temporal domain assisting the analyst to detect patterns that are difficult to be detected otherwise. All this information can be used for the analysis of building's current performance, and decision making about an operational scenario which can be applied by utilizing the actuators of the multi-sensorial network. Finally, the overall system has been installed and evaluated in real-life conditions at a

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“…A typical application of this parameter in HVAC operation is DCV that adjusts the outdoor air supply rate based on the count information (Li et al 2012). Two light beam sensors and three camera sensors were used in the study by Kuutti et al (2014) study to detect the number of people and an energy consumption saving of people counting sensor-based DCV over the constant air volume ventilation (CAV) was demonstrated with an averaged 46% of the daily airflow reduction.…”

Section: Interactive Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From occupants to occupants: A review of the occupant information understanding for building HVAC occupant-centric control

et al. 2021

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Occupants are the core of the built environment. Traditional heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems operate with predefined schedules and maximum occupancy assumptions with no consideration of specific occupant information. These generalized assumptions usually do not align with the actual demand and result in over-conditioning and occupant discomfort. In recent years, with the aid of Information & Communication Technology (ICT) and Computer Science (CS), it is possible to acquire real-time and accurate occupant information to satisfy the exact thermal requirement through specific HVAC control in one particular built environment. This mechanism is called HVAC “Occupant-centric Control (OCC).” HVAC OCC strategy starts with collecting the occupant’s information (e.g., presence/absence) and then applies it to meet the occupant’s requirement (e.g., thermal comfort). However, even though some research studies and field pilot demonstrations have been devoted to the field of OCC, there is a lack of systematic knowledge about occupant data, which is the principal component of OCC for HVAC researchers and practitioners. To fill this gap, this review paper discusses OCC with a particular emphasis on occupant information and investigates how this information can assist HVAC operation in providing an acceptable built environment in required spaces during the required time. We provide a fine-grained, comprehensive picture of occupant information, discuss its features, the modalities of information feed-in into the HVAC control, and the application of commonly utilized occupant information for OCC.

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Evaluation of Visitor Counting Technologies and Their Energy Saving Potential through Demand-Controlled Ventilation

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

A Pilot Study to Test the Feasibility of a Home Mobility Monitoring System in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

A Pilot Study to Test the Feasibility of a Home Mobility Monitoring System in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Multi-sensorial network placement for building performance analysis and evaluation and facility management

From occupants to occupants: A review of the occupant information understanding for building HVAC occupant-centric control

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