Evaluation of water resources of some satellite towns in the central part of Anambra State, SE, Nigeria

Okolo, C. M.; Akudinobi, B. E. B.; Obiadi, I. I.

doi:10.1007/s40899-020-00463-y

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The water quality of an area is influenced by climatic, anthropogenic and geologic processes (Ayogu et al, 2020;Okolo et al, 2020;Nganje et al, 2015;Appelo and Puman, 2005). Rock and mineral weathering, evaporation, precipitation and anthropogenic are the main sources of dissolved ionic species in water (Singh et al, 2005).…”

Section: Hydrogeochemical Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeological and water quality evaluation of parts of River Mamu Sub-Basin, Southeastern Nigeria

Anakwuba¹,

Okolo²,

Chibuzor³

et al. 2021

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

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The water sources in parts of the River Mamu sub-Basin, southeastern Nigeria were evaluated for domestic and agricultural purposes using hydrogeology and water quality. Thirty water samples from both surface water and groundwater were collected and analysed for hydrochemical and biological parameters. The average depth to aquifers and their thicknesses are 109.9 and 11.8m respectively. The concentration of the major ions, TDS and EC are within the WHO permissible guidelines for drinking water. Heavy metals concentration range in mg/L for Cd 2+ (0 -0.06), Cr 3+ (0 -0.19), Hg 2+ (0 -1.0), As 3+ (0 -0.14) and total Fe (0 -2.4) which in some of the samples exceed the permissible guideline values. The fecal coliform range in 100ml/L of samples (0 -36) exceeds the guideline values in some of the samples. The water is Ca-Mg -Cl-SO 4 type with the dominant ions as Ca 2+ and SO 4 2for both groundwater and surface water. The dominant geochemical processes are rockwater interaction in groundwater, which is a major contributor of dissolved ions and precipitation in the surface water. The WQI (17.84-301.99) connotes some samples are of very poor quality for domestic purposes. Irrigation indices depict most of the water as good to excellent for agriculture.

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Section: Hydrogeochemical Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeological and water quality evaluation of parts of River Mamu Sub-Basin, Southeastern Nigeria

Anakwuba¹,

Okolo²,

Chibuzor³

et al. 2021

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

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“…Essential heavy metals that the human body requires in trace amounts are cobalt, copper, zinc, and manganese but their excessive intake can be detrimental to human health because they tend to bioaccumulate. These metals can enter the water supply system through industrial and other waste types, acid rain and other anthropogenic activities [28]. Thus, their presence in water depends on the local geology, hydrogeology and geochemical characteristics of the aquifer and human activities [29].…”

Section: Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Properties of Water in Onitsha Metropolis, Southeastern, Nigeria

Okolo C. M.,

Onuorah I. D.,

Madu F. M.

2023

AJEE

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The study area is a metropolitan city with major markets and industries in the heart of Anambra State, Nigeria. A total of thirty (30) samples was collected over two seasons and were analysed for various physicochemical parameters. The result was used to evaluate the seasonal variation in the various water parameters. The results show that there were no significant seasonal variations in the concentration values of pH, EC, NO3, CO3, SO4, Pb and TDS. However, seasonal variations were observed in the concentrations of Mg, Ca, Cl, Mn, Hg, Na, Cd. Cu, Ni and Ag. The concentrations of the physical parameters, the major cations and anions and some of the heavy metals were within the permissible limit of the WHO standard. Furthermore, the concentrations for turbidity, mercury and cadmium in some of the water samples were above the permissible limits in both seasons. The water quality index (WQI) categorized the samples as good, poor, very poor and unfit for consumption while heavy metal pollution index (HPI) classified the water as poor to very poor. The WQI and HPI are season dependent and these ratings indicated that the water sources are heavily contaminated, and should be properly treated before drinking.

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“…It has been noted that high concentrations of dissolved constituents especially the heavy metals reduce the quality of groundwater. Most of these heavy metals are from natural and anthropogenic sources [10][11][12].…”

Section: Hydrochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Okoyeh et al, [9], evaluated the water resources potential of part of Benin formation, Niger Delta, Nigeria using vertical electrical sounding method and hydrogeochemical method which indicated good yield and permeability, the water was slightly acidic, with lead, iron and cadmium exceeding the standard values. Okolo et al, [12], evaluated the water resources of some satellite towns in Awka and observed the water sources to be slightly acidic, the major ions were within the WHO desirable limit. However, they noted the enrichment of the water sources by heavy metals such as mercury, chromium, cadmium, and iron.…”

Section: Hydrochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Impacts of Okpuno Egbu Dumpsite on Groundwater Resources in Parts of Nnewi, Southeastern Nigeria

Emecheta,

Okpara,

Ifeanyichukwu

et al. 2023

JGEESI

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The study area, Nnewi is one of the most populated, commercial and industrialized cities in Anambra State. Geophysical data were collected from 15 vertical electrical sounding (VES) points and hydrogeochemical analysis of 15 groundwater samples collected from 15 locations were analyzed for their chemical composition and used to assess the impact of the dumpsite at Okpunoegbu on groundwater in the study area. The results of the vertical electrical sounding indicate that most of the aquiferous units fall within the fourth layer at most of the Relocations with an average resistivity of 1340.25Ωm, an average thickness of 41.75m and average depth of 51.25m. The range of the regional water table is from 25.41m to 99.42m. The Dar-Zarrouk parameters; longitudinal conductance and transverse resistance, s and t were determined from the geophysical data to be 0.007mho and 55966.9Ω respectively. The results of s indicate that the protective capacity of the overburden layers to underlying aquifer is low. which implies easy transmission of pollutants to the aquifers making them vulnerable to pollution. The results of water analysis show that the range of pH in the samples is between 5.73 to 6.95 indicating that 20% of the water samples are slightly acidic and 80% to alkaline. TDS, TSS and EC were found to be within the permissible limits of WHO and NSDWQ standard guidelines. COD and BOD were above the permissible limits indicating the water samples to be severely polluted. DO1 and DO5 range between 22.78 - 65.40 mg/L and 48-358.96 mg/L respectively. The major cations and anions were within the permissible limits.. However, the heavy metals range in samples were cadmium (0.04-0.37mg/L), chromium (0.01-0.10mg/L), mercury (0-0-07mg/L) and lead (0.1-0.93mg/L), exceed the permissible limits in some samples. The geospatial distribution maps of the heavy metals implicate the dumpsite and other sources as contributors of the increased concentrations of cadmium and lead. while indicating the dump as a major contributor of chromium and mercury to groundwater in the study area. The calculated quality indices, WQI and HMPI rate the groundwater as highly polluted and unsuitable for drinking, and the CD and HMEI as moderately to highly polluted, respectively. The identified hydrochemical facies classify the water as Ca-Cl and Ca-Mg –Cl – SO4 water type. The Cl – SO4 facie indicate end water usually with increased age found in the discharge areas. The Okpunoegbu dumpsite is an important source of groundwater contaminants and pollutants especially the heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, chromium and lead. The protective capacity of the overburden is enhancing the vulnerability of the aquifers to pollution as they are rated as low. It is recommended that some remediation measures be carried out to restore the groundwater quality and prevent further pollution being initiated and appropriate water treatment be carried before use for drinking purposes.

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Evaluation of water resources of some satellite towns in the central part of Anambra State, SE, Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Hydrogeological and water quality evaluation of parts of River Mamu Sub-Basin, Southeastern Nigeria

Hydrogeological and water quality evaluation of parts of River Mamu Sub-Basin, Southeastern Nigeria

Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Properties of Water in Onitsha Metropolis, Southeastern, Nigeria

Potential Impacts of Okpuno Egbu Dumpsite on Groundwater Resources in Parts of Nnewi, Southeastern Nigeria

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