Evaluation of Wound Healing and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extract of Clematis simensis Fresen (Ranunculaceae)

Abstract

Introduction:Clematis simensis is one of the most widely used medicinal plant for the treatment of wound traditionally. However, its claim was not scientifically tested, the current study therefore assessed the anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties of 80% methanol leaf extract of C. simensis. Methods: The dried and powdered leaf of C. simensis was macerated with 80% methanol. The topical ointment was then made in two concentrations (5% and 10% w/w), and two models, excision and incision, were used to test the extract's capacity to treat wounds in mice. In addition, anti-inflammatory test was also conducted using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in three doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) in rats. The DPPH test was used to determine the extract's anti-oxidant properties where ascorbic acid was used as standard agent. Results: When wounds were treated with ointments containing 5% and 10% (w/w) extract, the rate of wound contraction, the length of time it took for the epithelium to form, and the strength of the skin to break were all significantly increased (p < 0.05). There was no discernible difference in wound healing activity between the 10% (w/w) and 5% (w/w) extracts. Moreover, they had also similar impact as that of the positive control nitrofurazone in wound healing activity. Compared to the negative control, C. simensis extract considerably (p < 0.01-p < 0.001) reduced inflammation. The extract also demonstrated antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 0.7 mg/mL for the extract and 1.04 mg/mL for ascorbic acid, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, it is plausible to draw the conclusion that C. simensis 80% methanol extract possesses wound healing activity, perhaps as a result of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Therapy-resistant breast cancer in focus: Clinically relevant mitigation by flavonoids targeting cancer stem cells

“…Therefore, CSCs treatment with chestnut leaf extract combined with paclitaxel showed more efficacy in reducing the viability of CSC when compared with paclitaxel alone; however, such combinatory treatment showed no significant effects on MCF-7 cells ( Woo et al, 2017 ). Also, solvent fractions of selected medicinal plants ( Vernonia leopoldi , Clematis simensis ) ( Tuasha et al, 2020 ), characterized by the presence of numerous phytochemicals, including flavonoids ( Teshome et al, 2022 ; Tuasha et al, 2022 ), showed a potent capacity to reduce ALDH + subpopulations of JIMT-1 cells, and/or reduce colony formation, and/or reduced migration, and/or inhibit TNF-α-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation ( Tuasha et al, 2020 ). Many other plant extracts show significant capacity to suppress CSCs in breast cancer models, for example, pomegranate extract targeting BCSCs and EMT ( Nallanthighal et al, 2017 ) or hexane extract of Garcinia quaesita fruits inducing apoptosis of BCSCs isolated from MDA-MB-231 cells ( Colamba Pathiranage et al, 2021 ) with the potential to increase the effectiveness of therapeutics.…”

Secondary metabolites and essential oil analysis of Clematis simensis with antioxidant and antibacterial activities

“…A preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts of the stem bark [15], root [16] and leaves [17] revealed the presence of polyphenols, alkaloids, tannin cardiac glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, and flavonoids. However, no report on phytochemical investigation that leading to isolation of secondary metabolites of the plant.…”

Phylogenomic analysis and dynamic evolution of chloroplast genomes of Clematis nannophylla

“…However, the systematic classification of Clematis poses challenges owing to their intricate nature and extensive morphological variability 4 . Currently, most studies have focused on morphological, physiological, ecological, and pharmacological activities 7 – 9 , whereas there are few basic molecular studies on germplasm resource identification, genetic breeding, resource conservation, and phylogeny. Furthermore, the chloroplast (cp) genome data of Clematis previously tested were submitted directly without detailed analysis, thus limiting our overall understanding of their phylogeny and genome evolution.…”