Evaluation of wound-healing formulation against sulphur mustard-induced skin injury in mice

Lomash, Vinay; Jadhav, S.E.; Ahmed, Fakhruddin; Vijayaraghavan, R.; Pant, S. C.

doi:10.1177/0960327111429139

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A total of six lesions of the same age was obtained from six different mice and processed for histopathology. In each section, the cells (neutrophils, monocytiod cells, and mast cell/basophils) were counted in five representative fields as described earlier . The cited results thus represent the mean value ± standard error of 30 microscopic fields of each time interval.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these are corrosive and produce undesirable reaction products particularly with SM that maintain irritant and/or vesicant properties . As early detection and decontamination is not always practical in field conditions, there is always a possibility of wound formation due to absorption of vesicants during time interval between exposure and decontamination . Thus, there is an urgent need for an effective, safe (nontoxic and noncorrosive) decontamination formulation having some wound healing property for these classes of chemical warfare agents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel decontaminant and wound healant formulation of N,N′‐dichloro‐bis[2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl]urea against sulfur mustard–induced skin injury

Lomash

Pant

2014

Wound Repair Regeneration

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Sulfur mustard (SM)-induced dermatotoxicity can be prevented by an immediate use of decontamination agents. However, practically due to the time lapse between decontamination and exposure, there is always a possibility of wound formation. In view of this, a hydrophilic decontamination formulation of CC-2 (DRDE/WH-03) was fortified with Aloe vera gel and betaine (DRDE/WH-01) for improving its wound healing ability. Swiss albino mice were exposed to SM percutaneously (5 mg/kg) once, and after 24 hours, DRDE/WH-01, DRDE/WH-03, framycetin, and aloe gel were applied topically, daily for 7 days. Skin sections were subjected to histopathology, histomorphologic grading, tissue leukocytosis, and immunohistochemistry of inflammatory-reparative biomarkers on 3 and 7 days, respectively. DRDE/WH-01, framycetin, and aloe gel showed better reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and fibroplasia compared with DRDE/WH-03 and SM control. On the basis of histomorphologic scale, DRDE/WH-01, framycetin, and aloe gel were found to be equally efficacious. Up-regulation of interleukin-6 and infiltrating leukocytes, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and angiogenesis, fibroblast growth factor, and transforming growth factor-alpha with fibroplasia and reepithelialization were well correlated at various stages of the healing process. DRDE/WH-01 was equally effective as framycetin and has shown improved wound healing efficacy compared with DRDE/WH-03. Thus, DRDE/WH-01 can be recommended as a universal decontaminant and wound healant against vesicant-induced skin injury.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel decontaminant and wound healant formulation of N,N′‐dichloro‐bis[2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl]urea against sulfur mustard–induced skin injury

Lomash

Pant

2014

Wound Repair Regeneration

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“…Sections were blindly graded by a board-certified veterinary pathologist using a modified semiquantitative histomorphologic grading scale, as shown in Table 1. Histologic grading scale adapted from Lomash et al 18 The maximum histologic score is 16.…”

Section: Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Hyperosmotic Nanoemulsions in Wound Healing: Partial Thickness Injury Model in Swine

Connell

Durkes

et al. 2017

Advances in Wound Care

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In this work, we introduce a novel hyperosmotic nanoemulsion (HNE) topical agent for use in wound healing. These topical emulsion complexes combine a lipophilic thymol nanoemulsion with a hyperosmotic saccharide matrix. This combination has been previously shown to possess synergistic antimicrobial activity against a host of common and drug-resistant pathogens . In this study, we present additional data to assess the safety and efficacy of these emulsions in a partial thickness injury model in swine. Ten wounds sized 2 × 3.5 cm were created in 18 pigs using an electrodermatome set at a depth of 0.76 mm. The wounds were subsequently contaminated with a cocktail of ,, , and at 5 × 10 total colony forming unit per wound. Treatments were subdivided in the control group and emulsion concentrations at 0.0%, 0.01%, 0.03%, and 0.063% thymol content. Longitudinal metrics for wound healing included rate of reepithelialization, wound bed color measurements, amount of wound exudate, wound swab culture data, and histological examination at 4, 7, and 14 days. The cosmetics of the healed wound were obtained at day 14 with three-dimensional photogrammetry. Experimental results showed that HNE reduced the wound level bacteria count by ∼0.5-1 log versus controls after 24 h. The amount of pathogen reduction was weakly correlated to the concentration of the emulsion. In addition, all HNE groups maintained a moist wound environment and showed increased fibrin formation and improved hemostatic response. No significant difference in the rate of reepithelialization or wound closure was found between treatment concentrations and control groups. HNE treatment did not demonstrate any adverse host tissue response. These results suggest HNE may be a candidate for reducing wound bacterial counts without compromising reepithelialization.

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“…In this regard, we found that fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, which is critical for normal epidermal growth and hair follicle morphogenesis, is expressed within the hyperplastic stratum granulosum. These data suggest that fibroblast growth factors and related growth factors are associated with keratinocyte migration and reepithelialization during wound repair …”

Section: Characteristics Of Wound Healing Following Sm Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue injury and repair following cutaneous exposure of mice to sulfur mustard

Joseph

Composto

Heck

2016

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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In mouse skin, sulfur mustard is a potent vesicant, damaging both the epidermis and the dermis. The extent of wounding is dependent on the dose of sulfur mustard and the duration of exposure. Initial responses include erythema, pruritus, edema, and xerosis; this is followed by an accumulation of inflammatory leukocytes in the tissue, activation of mast cells, and the release of mediators, including proinflammatory cytokines and bioactive lipids. These proinflammatory mediators contribute to damaging the epidermis, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands and to disruption of the epidermal basement membrane. This can lead to separation of the epidermis from the dermis, resulting in a blister, which ruptures, leading to the formation of an eschar. The eschar stimulates the formation of a neoepidermis and wound repair and may result in persistent epidermal hyperplasia. Epidermal damage and repair is associated with upregulation of enzymes generating proinflammatory and progrowth/pro–wound healing mediators, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which generates prostanoids, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which generates nitric oxide, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), and galectin-3. Characterization of the mediators regulating structural changes in the skin during sulfur mustard–induced tissue damage and wound healing will aid in the development of therapeutic modalities to mitigate toxicity and stimulate tissue repair processes.

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Evaluation of wound-healing formulation against sulphur mustard-induced skin injury in mice

Cited by 14 publications

References 48 publications

A novel decontaminant and wound healant formulation of N,N′‐dichloro‐bis[2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl]urea against sulfur mustard–induced skin injury

A novel decontaminant and wound healant formulation of N,N′‐dichloro‐bis[2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl]urea against sulfur mustard–induced skin injury

Application of Hyperosmotic Nanoemulsions in Wound Healing: Partial Thickness Injury Model in Swine

Tissue injury and repair following cutaneous exposure of mice to sulfur mustard

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