Evaluation of xylanase and a fermentable xylo-oligosaccharide on performance and ileal digestibility of broiler chickens fed energy and amino acid deficient diets

González-Ortiz, Gemma; Santos, Tiago T. dos; Bedford, M.R.

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2020.07.008

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Corn occupied most of poultry diets contain considerable levels of arabinoxylans as part of non-starch polysaccharides. XOS is more likely to perform as an activator of specific bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) than directly act as a quantitative prebiotic, thereby increasing SCFA including butyrate can be helpful to gut health [ 18 , 19 ]. The stimbiotic used in this study was designed to convey XOS to fibrolytic microflora in the large intestine by adding a small portion of ex-vivo produced short-chain XOS with a β-1,4-endo xylanase [ 20 ], which hydrolyzes the arabinoxylan portion in the feed to XOS in the GIT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) produced by exogenous xylanase (EX) acts either directly as a prebiotic or a signalling molecule to stimulate fibre-degrading microbiota and cross-feeding mechanisms [ 17 ]. However, a broiler study reported that the amount of XOS generated by EX is somewhat dependent on the structure of the fibre in the basal diet and often is not sufficient to explain the increased butyrate and other short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the caeca [ 18 ]. Ribeiro et al [ 19 ] stated that a small level of XOS is more likely to perform as an activator of specific bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) than directly act as a quantitative prebiotic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stimbiotic supplementation modulated intestinal inflammatory response and improved broilers performance in an experimentally-induced necrotic enteritis infection model

Lee

Rousseau

et al. 2022

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Two experiments were conducted to establish an optimal NE challenge model and evaluate the efficacy of stimbiotic (STB) supplementation in necrotic enteritis (NE) challenged broilers. In Exp. 1, a total of 120 Arbor Acres (AA) broilers (45.0 ± 0.21 g) were randomly assigned to 6 treatments in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Vaccine treatments included non-challenge (0), × 10 the recommended dose (× 10) or × 20 the recommended dose (× 20) by the manufacturer. Clostridium perfringens (CP) treatments were non-challenge (No) or 3 mL of 2.2 × 107 CFU CP challenge (Yes). In Exp. 2, a total of 72 AA broilers (40.17 ± 0.27 g) were randomly assigned to 6 treatments in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Dietary treatments included non-additive (CON), 100 mg/kg STB (STB) and 100 mg/kg STB on top of a typical commercial blend including an essential oil, probiotics, and enzyme (CB). Challenge treatments included non-NE challenge (No) and NE challenge (Yes) as established in Exp. 1. Results In Exp. 1, CP and vaccine challenge decreased (P < 0.05) body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI), and increased (P < 0.05) the number of broilers with diarrhea and intestinal lesions. The oral administration of × 20 recommended dose of vaccines coupled with 3 mL of 2.2 × 107 CFU CP resulted in (P < 0.01) a significantly increased incidence of wet litter and intestinal lesions. Thus, this treatment was chosen as the challenge model for the successful inducement of NE in Exp. 2. In Exp. 2, the NE challenge negatively affected (P < 0.01) growth performance, ileal morphology, immunoglobulin contents in blood, caecal microbiota in the caecum, footpad dermatitis, intestinal lesion scores, tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and endotoxin in the serum compared with the non-NE challenged birds. The supplementation of STB and CB in diets enhanced (P < 0.05) growth performance, intestinal microbiota, and blood profiles by stimulating ileal morphology (VH and VH:CD) and propionate production in the cecum, and there were no differences in measured variables between STB and CB supplemented birds. Conclusion Overall, these results indicate that STB supplementation was able to reduce the inflammatory response and improve the performance of NE challenged birds, and the supplementation of STB alone was as effective as a typical commercial blend containing a number of other additives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimbiotic supplementation modulated intestinal inflammatory response and improved broilers performance in an experimentally-induced necrotic enteritis infection model

Lee

Rousseau

et al. 2022

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…Although there is no shortage of studies indicating that the exogenous xylanase escalated the nutrient digestibility and growth performance of broilers fed corn basal diets, few speci c enzyme mixtures included debranching enzymes or their transformative effects in vivo were not clear [20,31,34,35]. In the current study, improvements of growth performance in supplementation with EXF might be ascribed to the bene cial bioactivities of feruloylated XOS via prebiotic, immunomodulatory, and/or antioxidant effects [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Debranching enzymes decomposed corn arabinoxylan into xylooligosaccharides and achieved a prebiotic regulation of gut microbiota in broilers

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Corn arabinoxylan (AX) is a complicated and multi-branched antinutritional factor, thereby proving the use of endo-xylanase (EX) to be marginally valid. This study focused on specific types of AX-degrading enzymes (ADE) to exert the synergy of debranching enzymes and track prebiotic potential of enzymatic hydrolysates. It aimed to investigate the effects of ADE on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, absorption functions, changes of polysaccharide components, fermentation, and gut microbiota of broilers. To this purpose, 576 five-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly allocated into eight treatments with six replicates each. Corn basal diets supplemented with or without enzymes were fed for a 21-day period, specifically including EX, its compatible use with arabinofuranosidase (EXA) or ferulic acid esterase (EXF), and compound groups with the above three enzymes (XAF). RESULTS Specific ADE stimulated the jejunal villus height and goblet cell number, and evidently decreased the crypt depth (P < 0.05), while the ratio of ileal villus height to crypt depth was significantly increased in EXF (P < 0.05). Maltase activities of ileal mucosa in XAF groups were extremely enhanced (P < 0.01), and EX boosted the activity of Na+-K+ ATPase in the small intestine (P < 0.01). The insoluble AX concentrations comparatively lessened, thereby notably raising the sundry xylooligosaccharide (XOS) yield in the ileal chyme (P < 0.05), which was dominant in xylobiose and xylotriose. Improvements in the abundance and diversity of ileal microbial communities within EXA, EXF, XAF treatments were observed (P < 0.05). Positive correlations between microbiota and XOS were revealed, with xylobiose and xylotriose being critical for ten beneficial bacteria (P < 0.05). EXF escalated the BWG and FCR of broilers in this phase (P < 0.05), attributing to the thriving networks modified by Lactobacillus. The intracecal contents of acetic acid, butyric acid, and propionic acid were greatly enhanced in most ADE groups such as EXF (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Debranching enzymes appreciably targeted corn AX to release prebiotic XOS in the posterior ileum and facilitated intracaecal fermentation. It was beneficial for improving gut development, digestion and absorption, and modulating the microflora to promote early performance of broilers.

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“…In the presence of the double xylanase, more X 5 and X 6 were manufactured, which likely stimulated the xylandegrading bacteria, but there was insufficient substrate to use, due to the low soluble NSP concentration in the sorghum-based diets (González-Ortiz et al, 2021). It may have been possible that the single xylanase dose induced production of soluble xylan, which provided sufficient fuel for these bacteria, but the double dose and NSPase cocktail produced too much, which had a detrimental impact on microbiota balance and the gastrointestinal environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing a single dose of xylanase to a double dose or cocktail of non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes in broiler chicken diets

Morgan

Bhuiyan

Wallace

et al. 2022

JAAN

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This study compared supplementation with a single dose of xylanase to a double dose of xylanase or a non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) degrading enzyme cocktail (NSP-ase cocktail) on productive performance, nutrient utilisation and the gastrointestinal environment in broilers fed commercial diets. Cobb 500 broilers (n=1,080) were fed 12 dietary treatments; four Australian commercial diets (based on wheat-barley, wheat-maize, wheat-sorghum or wheat only) with three different enzyme treatments (single dose of xylanase (16,000 BXU/kg), double dose of xylanase (32,000 BXU/kg) or NSP-ase cocktail (xylanase, β-glucanase, cellulase, pectinase, mannanase, galactanase, arabinofuranosidase). There were 108 pens, nine replicates per dietary treatment, with 10 birds per pen. Performance (total pen body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio corrected for mortality) was determined at d 0-35. On d 35, one male and one female were weighed individually and used to determine breast meat, thigh and drumstick weight, dry matter (DM) contents from the gizzard, jejunum and ileum, ileal protein, energy, starch and dry matter digestibility, ileal viscosity and xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) concentration, caecal microbiota and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) composition. The double dose of xylanase and NSP-ase cocktail had no effect on bird performance, meat yield, ileal viscosity, ileal starch, energy or DM digestibility or digesta DM content. The double xylanase dose and NSP-ase cocktail increased protein digestibility in birds fed the wheat-sorghum based diet (P=0.041) and increased caecal concentration of butyric acid in birds fed the wheat-maize based diet (P=0.040), and propionic, valeric and lactic acid and Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteria spp. in birds fed the wheat-based diet (P<0.05). The double xylanase dose increased XOS production, particularly in birds fed the wheat-barley based diets (P<0.05). The lack of performance effects observed when feeding the double xylanase dose or NSP-ase cocktail suggested that the current recommended xylanase dose (16,000 BXU/kg) is sufficient.

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Evaluation of xylanase and a fermentable xylo-oligosaccharide on performance and ileal digestibility of broiler chickens fed energy and amino acid deficient diets

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Stimbiotic supplementation modulated intestinal inflammatory response and improved broilers performance in an experimentally-induced necrotic enteritis infection model

Stimbiotic supplementation modulated intestinal inflammatory response and improved broilers performance in an experimentally-induced necrotic enteritis infection model

Debranching enzymes decomposed corn arabinoxylan into xylooligosaccharides and achieved a prebiotic regulation of gut microbiota in broilers

Comparing a single dose of xylanase to a double dose or cocktail of non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes in broiler chicken diets

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