Evaluation studies on partial replacement of RDX by spherical NTO in HTPB-based insensitive sheet explosive formulation

Jangid, Suresh Kumar; Radhakrishnan, S.; Solanki, Vasant Jadavji; Singh, Mrityunjay Kumar; Pandit, Gautam; Vijayalakshmi, R.; Sinha, Rabindra Kumar

doi:10.1080/07370652.2019.1613457

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The detonation velocity of NTO is higher than trinitrotoluene (TNT), triamino trinitrobenzene (TATB), and its sensitivity lower than cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) and octahydro−1,3,5,7-tetranitro−1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). It has excellent comprehensive performance, making it the preferred material for the preparation of highly energy-insensitive PBX [ 5 , 6 ]. Highly energy-insensitive cast-PBX containing NTO has been widely used in insensitive ammunition [ 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PBXW series of NTO-based cast-PBXs have been launched in the USA [ 11 ], among which PBXW−126 has good detonation performance and low sensitivity. After that, ATK company [ 5 ] developed a cast-PBX DLE-C054 (NTO/RDX/HTPB), which fully met the demand for insensitive ammunition, and could be mass-produced. Tao Chai et al [ 12 ] applied the supercritical carbon dioxide coating method to study the preparation process of HMX/NTO-based PBX, and found that supercritical fluid coating technology is a pollution-free and effective way to prepare NTO-based water-soluble explosives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Effect of NTO on the Performance of HMX-Based Aluminized Cast-PBX

et al. 2022

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3-Nitro−1,2,4-triazol−5-one (NTO) is an explosive with broad application prospects. To study the effect of NTO content on the properties of HMX-based cast-PBX (polymer bonded explosive), five different HMX/NTO-based cast-PBXs were prepared and characterized by experiments and simulations. The results show that the addition of NTO is beneficial to reduce the mechanical sensitivity of cast-PBX, but will reduce the energy level of cast-PBX. We then found that with the increase in NTO content, cast-PBX showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing in terms of mechanical properties, specific heat capacity (Cp) and thermal conductivity (λ). In addition, we found that the Gurney energy (Eg) of N30 is 2.31 kJ/g. Finally, the increase in NTO content greatly improves the thermal safety performance of the cast-PBXs, and numerical simulation of slow cook-off can be used as one reliable method to obtain the ignition location, ignition temperature and the transient temperature distribution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effect of NTO on the Performance of HMX-Based Aluminized Cast-PBX

et al. 2022

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“…6,7 NTO with a theoretical detonation velocity of 8500 m s −1 exhibits energy comparable to 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX), along with weak toxicity, simple preparation as well as low sensitivity, which has attracted more and more attention in the field of propellants and mixed explosives. 8–10 However, active hydrogen bonds in the molecular structure of NTO lead to strong acidity, and the corrosiveness to metals severely restricts the loading and application of ammunition. 11,12 Therefore, acid inhibition technology is generally regarded as an effective method to realize the broad development prospects of NTO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved corrosion resistance and thermal stability of insensitive NTO explosives by MXene modification in the presence of non-covalent bonds

Yao

Jin

et al. 2022

New J. Chem.

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“…Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been widely used to predict the compatibility and mechanical properties of blends [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Compared with the macroscopic experiments, MD simulations in microscopic scales not only can reveal the effects of plasticizer at the atomic and molecular levels, but also is low-cost and time efficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Cellulose Acetate Butyrate/Plasticizer Systems by Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Characterization

Wang

Jin

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) is a widely used binder in polymer bonded explosives (PBXs). However, the mechanical properties of PBXs bonded with CAB are usually very poor, which makes the charge edges prone to crack. In the current study, seven plasticizers, including bis (2,2-dinitro propyl) formal/acetal (BDNPF/A or A3, which is 1:1 mixture of the two components), azide-terminated glycidyl azide (GAPA), n-butyl-N-(2-nitroxy-ethyl) nitramine (Bu-NENA), ethylene glycol bis(azidoacetate) (EGBAA), diethylene glycol bis(azidoacetate) (DEGBAA), trimethylol nitromethane tris (azidoacetate) (TMNTA) and pentaerythritol tetrakis (azidoacetate) [PETKAA], were studied for the plasticization of CAB. Molecular dynamics simulation was conducted to distinguish the compatibilities between CAB and plasticizers and to predict the mechanical properties of CAB/plasticizer systems. Considering the solubility parameters, binding energies and intermolecular radical distribution functions of these CAB/plasticizer systems comprehensively, we found A3, Bu-NENA, DEGBAA and GAPA are compatible with CAB. The elastic moduli of CAB/plasticizer systems follow the order of CAB/Bu-NENA>CAB/A3>CAB/DEGBAA>CAB/GAPA, and their processing property is in the order of CAB/Bu-NENA>CAB/GAPA>CAB/A3>CAB/DEGBAA. Afterwards, all the systems were characterized by FT-IR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTA) and tensile tests. The results suggest A3, GAPA and Bu-NENA are compatible with CAB. The tensile strengths and Young’s moduli of these systems are in the order of CAB/A3>CAB/Bu-NENA>CAB/GAPA, while the strain at break of CAB/Bu-NENA is best, which are consistent with simulation results. Based on these results, it can be concluded that A3, Bu-NENA and GAPA are the most suitable plasticizers for CAB binder in improving mechanical and processing properties. Our work has provided a crucial guidance for the formulation design of PBXs with CAB binder.

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Evaluation studies on partial replacement of RDX by spherical NTO in HTPB-based insensitive sheet explosive formulation

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Study on the Effect of NTO on the Performance of HMX-Based Aluminized Cast-PBX

Study on the Effect of NTO on the Performance of HMX-Based Aluminized Cast-PBX

Improved corrosion resistance and thermal stability of insensitive NTO explosives by MXene modification in the presence of non-covalent bonds

Study on Cellulose Acetate Butyrate/Plasticizer Systems by Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Characterization

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