Evaluation the relationship of left ventricular global longitudinal strain and laboratory parameters in discharged patients with COVID-19: a follow-up study

Abstract

Background : The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) disease has spread rapidly and posed a great threat to global public health. The laboratory parameters and clinical outcomes of the disease in discharged patients remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the laboratory and echocardiographic findings of patients with COVID-19 after discharge and the relation between left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and inflammatory parameters in discharged patients. Methods : A total of 75 patients recovering from COVID-19 as the study group were prospectively recruited from the COVID-19 outpatient clinic for their follow-up visits at a median 6 months after discharge. Patients were classified into groups according to pneumonia severity and impairment in LVGLS. Laboratory findings of patients both at admission and after discharge were evaluated and the relation with pneumonia severity at admission and LVGLS after discharge were analyzed. Results : Serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) levels after discharge were significantly higher in the study group than the control group ( n = 44). Ferritin was found to be related to pneumonia severity. Serum ferritin and LDH values after discharge were significantly higher in patients with impaired LVGLS than those with preserved. There was a significant correlation between LVGLS, serum ferritin and LDH values after discharge (r = −0.252, p = 0.012; r = −0.268, p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusions : Clinicians should pay close attention to the serum ferritin and LDH levels in discharged patients for predicting the severity of COVID-19 disease and early identification of subclinical left ventricular myocardial dysfunction.

Biventricular myocardial function in Covid-19 recovered patients assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography: a prospective cohort echocardiography study

“…Moreover, in accordance with other published studies [ 19 , 20 ], we found that disease severity does not influence the extend of LVGLS impairment. Although one study [ 21 ] demonstrated significantly lower LVGLS values after discharge only in the group with severe pneumonia, the fact that the study’s cut-off value of impaired GLS was < 16 (absolute values), may be the cause of this discrepancy. Consequently, it seems reasonable to conclude that patients who have recovered from Covid 19 might be at risk of myocardial injury regardless of the severity of the respiratory symptoms.…”

Cardiac Performance and Cardiopulmonary Fitness After Infection With SARS-CoV-2

“…Global longitudinal strain as assessed by echocardiography and CMR was within the normal range. This could suggest that the reduction in GLS seen at 3 months (26, 27) and 6 months (9) in those admitted to hospital with COVID-19 may have resolved 1 year following their acute disease. This could mean that the abnormal LV parameters recover at a slower rate, as compared to RV function (26).…”

“…With respect to cardiac disease, there is currently a mixed picture as to the long-term sequela following COVID-19 infection. In patients who have previously been admitted due to COVID-19, global longitudinal strain measured by echocardiography, that expresses left ventricular longitudinal shortening in percentage, and is used to assess left ventricular systolic function, was reduced as compared to controls 6 months following discharge (9), whilst left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was preserved, suggesting subtle left ventricular systolic dysfunction. This is reflected by cardiopulmonary exercise testing, as a recent study by Vonbank et al showed that patients having recovered from both mild-moderate and severe COVID-19 had cardiopulmonary exercise impairment 6 months following COVID-19, as compared to healthy controls (10).…”

Echocardiographic Assessment in Patients Recovered from Acute COVID-19 Illness

“…There is a modest correlation between COVID-19 infection and both LV GLS and RV FWS (Tables S1 and S2). There have been several studies that have assessed the clinical and TTE parameters in patients with acute COVID-19 infection [19][20][21][22][23][24]. The risk factors for developing long COVID-19 are several, including asthma, obesity, age, sex (female), and cardiovascular There have been several studies that have assessed the clinical and TTE parameters in patients with acute COVID-19 infection [19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…There have been several studies that have assessed the clinical and TTE parameters in patients with acute COVID-19 infection [19][20][21][22][23][24]. The risk factors for developing long COVID-19 are several, including asthma, obesity, age, sex (female), and cardiovascular There have been several studies that have assessed the clinical and TTE parameters in patients with acute COVID-19 infection [19][20][21][22][23][24]. The risk factors for developing long COVID-19 are several, including asthma, obesity, age, sex (female), and cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, etc.)…”