Evaluative and generative modes of thought during the creative process

Ellamil, Melissa; Dobson, Charles; Beeman, Mark; Christoff, Kalina

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.08.008

Cited by 519 publications

(493 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…This pattern is similar to one reported by Ellamil et al [2011] in the only other neuroimaging study to examine a phase of the creative process beyond generation. In that study, Ellamil and coworkers looked at evaluation of previously designed materials, a component of the revision process we study here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A recent study [Ellamil et al, 2011] used an innovative design in which experienced graphic artists were asked to alternate between designing and evaluating book cover illustrations. The design phase in that study showed both similarities and differences when compared with the analogous generation phase in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using an ecologically valid approach—studying the artist during the natural act of creation—allows us to examine creative behavior as a whole and in situ, without the superimposition of unrelated, potentially confounding cognitive task demands. Such paradigms have been used more frequently in recent year [Bengtsson et al, 2007; Berkowitz and Ansari, 2010; Brown et al, 2006; Ellamil et al, 2011; Shah et al, 2013; Villarreal et al, 2013]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Brain activity and connectivity during poetry composition: Toward a multidimensional model of the creative process

Liu

Erkkinen

Healey

et al. 2015

Human Brain Mapping

182

102

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Creativity, a multifaceted construct, can be studied in various ways, for example, investigating phases of the creative process, quality of the creative product, or the impact of expertise. Previous neuroimaging studies have assessed these individually. Believing that each of these interacting features must be examined simultaneously to develop a comprehensive understanding of creative behavior, we examined poetry composition, assessing process, product, and expertise in a single experiment. Distinct activation patterns were associated with generation and revision, two major phases of the creative process. Medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) was active during both phases, yet responses in dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal executive systems (DLPFC/IPS) were phase‐dependent, indicating that while motivation remains unchanged, cognitive control is attenuated during generation and re‐engaged during revision. Experts showed significantly stronger deactivation of DLPFC/IPS during generation, suggesting that they may more effectively suspend cognitive control. Importantly however, similar overall patterns were observed in both groups, indicating the same cognitive resources are available to experts and novices alike. Quality of poetry, assessed by an independent panel, was associated with divergent connectivity patterns in experts and novices, centered upon MPFC (for technical facility) and DLPFC/IPS (for innovation), suggesting a mechanism by which experts produce higher quality poetry. Crucially, each of these three key features can be understood in the context of a single neurocognitive model characterized by dynamic interactions between medial prefrontal areas regulating motivation, dorsolateral prefrontal, and parietal areas regulating cognitive control and the association of these regions with language, sensorimotor, limbic, and subcortical areas distributed throughout the brain. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3351–3372, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc..

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Brain activity and connectivity during poetry composition: Toward a multidimensional model of the creative process

Liu

Erkkinen

Healey

et al. 2015

Human Brain Mapping

182

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It is recognised that the process of decision-making at a cognitive level has been purported to involve stimuli, interpretation, reaction, and evaluation of outcome, whilst acknowledging the role of personal experience (Croskerry et al 2009;Ellamil et al 2012;Sailer et al 2007;Ullsperger and Von Cramon 2006). Furthermore, this cognitive process is reported to be assisted by emotion-related signals, known as emotional/somatic markers (Velasquez 1998).…”

Section: Cognition and Emotional Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of clinician emotion in clinical reasoning: Balancing the analytical process

2016

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TitleThe role of clinician emotion in clinical reasoning: balancing the analytical process.Key words: Physiotherapy; reasoning; emotion. Authors DiscussionIt is proposed that clinicians should consider the emotions associated with decision-making, especially when there is concern surrounding a presentation. Reflecting on practice in the clinical environment and subsequently applying this to a patient presentation should involve some acknowledgement of clinicians' physical responses, emotions and how they may play a part in any decision made. Presenting intuition and gut-feeling as separate reasoning methods and how these processes co-exist with other more accepted reasoning such as hypotheticodeductive is also discussed. ConclusionMusculoskeletal physiotherapy should consider the elements of feelings, emotions and physical responses when applying reflective practice principles. Furthermore, clinicians dealing with difficult and challenging presentations should look at the emotional as well as the analytical experience when justifying decisions and learning from practice.

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“…In this paper, I will standardize on the terminology "convergent thinking", which emphasizes the goal of finding a correct solution to a problem by following a particular set of logical steps, and "divergent thinking", which emphasizes the goal of generating creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions: ideas and information from divergent thinking could be organised and structured using convergent thinking. Note that working memory or fluid intelligence (Vartanian et al, 2013) or creative evaluation (Ellamil et al, 2012) could be considered as preliminary or ancillary determinants of creativity. In this paper, I will not account for these factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scholarships vs. Training for Happiness Gained from Education in Creativity: An Analytical Model

Zagonari

2015

SSRN Journal

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This paper presents an analytical model of the dynamic interrelationships between education, creativity, and happiness based on both theoretical insights and recent empirical neurological studies. In the model, the outcome is conditional on individual intelligence and risk aversion. Specifically, it focuses on two main determinants of creativity (divergent and convergent thinking), and compares two main educational policies (scholarships vs. training) in terms of their impacts on the happiness gained from creativity in the general and healthy population. An empirical test is provided by matching the model's predictions with the results of recent neuroscience research. Numerical simulations suggested that improving convergent thinking is more important than improving divergent thinking for creativity to generate happiness throughout an individual's life, provided both divergent and convergent thinking have achieved a sufficiently large degree; and that unstructured training in divergent thinking (e.g., in accounting schools) is necessary to reach richer but less intelligent people, whereas scholarships or unstructured training in convergent thinking (e.g., in art schools) are necessary to reach more intelligent but less rich people.

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Evaluative and generative modes of thought during the creative process

Cited by 519 publications

References 124 publications

Brain activity and connectivity during poetry composition: Toward a multidimensional model of the creative process

Brain activity and connectivity during poetry composition: Toward a multidimensional model of the creative process

The role of clinician emotion in clinical reasoning: Balancing the analytical process

Scholarships vs. Training for Happiness Gained from Education in Creativity: An Analytical Model

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