Evaluative Testing of the Bent Canyon Stage Station on the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Las Animas County, Colorado

Church, Minette C.; Cowen, Pamela; DeVore, Steven L.; Hill, Erica; West, Ken; Gray, A. A.; Henderson, Kimberly; Loendorf, Chrostopher; Thrash, Sherry

doi:10.21236/ada443841

Cited by 1 publication

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“…On the journey, they apparently found stones bearing Spanish inscriptions on the banks of the Arkansas River (Folmer 1939:163-167). Although their exact route is not known, they may have followed the prehistoric Indian trade route, which would later become known as the Santa Fe Trail (Church and Cowen 2003).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stage stations had been established in 1861 at Gray's Ranch (4 miles east of Trinidad) and at Iron Spring (Taylor 1971:78). Barlow and Sanderson were awarded a mail contract in April 1866, and added new stations at Hole-in-the-Prairie (near Model, Colorado) and Hole-in-the-Rock (near Thatcher, Colorado) according to Friedman (1989:50 (Johnson and Carrillo 1987) represents segments of this route, which crossed the head of the Bent Canyon (PCMS site 5LA3179, Church and Cowen 2003), and then proceeded from east to west through Stage Canyon, to upper Lockwood Canyon (5LA5454, Johnson and Carrillo 1987) along Military Service Roads (MSRs) 1 and Ia. From the Lockwood Canyon stage stop, the trail (PCMS site 5LA5039) continued southwest across the prairie to the Hogback Stage Station (5LA5824, Hunt 1998), and then to Gray's Ranch, and subsequently Trinidad (Taylor 1971:153;Jones 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Archaeological Sites Inventory of the High Priority Portions of Training Areas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13, and H of the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Las Animas County, Colorado

Owens¹,

Loendorf²,

Hill³

et al. 2007

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The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports 10704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. Most sites are cultural material scatters or places where fragments of chipped-stone flaking debris, chipped-stone tools, or groundstone tools are exposed on the modern ground surface. Nearly a quarter of the project sites, however, contain the remnants of stone houses such as tipi rings or Apishapa phase architectural units. Most of the projects sites were found along canyon edges where access to food and non-food resources was good. The types of artifacts identified by archaeologists at these locations indicate canyon areas were utilized from the Paleoindian stage to the historic period. PLEASE DO NOT FOREWORDThe archeological investigations reported in this manuscript are an important part of the Fort Carson Cultural Resources Management Program whose goal is to maintain the largest possible area for military training while protecting significant cultural and environmental resources. The current study of Training Areas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13, and H is part of an integrated plan that takes a long-term systematic approach to meeting identification, evaluation, and resource protection requirements mandated by the National Historic Preservation Act. While meeting legislated requirements, this project also provides a valuable contribution to our knowledge of the prehistory and resources of Las Animas County, Colorado. Through an Interagency Service Agreement, the National Park Service, Midwest Archeological Center (MWAC), assists Fort Carson in accomplishing its cultural resources goals and meeting its legal obligations. New Mexico State University completed the reported project under a cooperative agreement with the MWAC.Fort Carson began cultural resource studies on the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site in 1983, immediately following the purchase of these lands. The Cultural Resource Program takes a multidisciplinary approach, combining archeological theory and historical methods with geological, geomorphological, botanical, and statistical techniques and procedures in order to focus its efforts to locate, evaluate, and protect significant cultural resources.Professional studies and consultations with Native American tribes have resulted in the identification of Natio...

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%