Evaporation of Alloying Elements and Behavior of Degassing Reactions of High Chromium Steel in Electron Beam Melting.

Nakao, Ryuji; Fukumoto, Shigeo; Fuji, Masao; Takeuchi, Hidemaro

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.32.685

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In the EB melting process, the evaporation rate of vaporized components is controlled by free evaporation, 12) diffusion in the liquid phase, 13) or both. 14) Equations (6) and (7) are obtained 15) on the assumption that free evaporation of phosphorous is the rate-determining step in dephosphorization.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation of Phosphorus in Molten Silicon by an Electron Beam Irradiation Method

Hanazawa¹,

Yuge²,

Kato³

2004

Mater. Trans.

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The evaporation behavior of phosphorus in molten silicon during electron beam irradiation was investigated with the aim of producing solar grade silicon (SOG-Si) from metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si) by a sequential metallurgical process. Batch experiments showed that the evaporation rate of phosphorus increased in proportion to the power of the electron beam and phosphorus content. The phosphorus removal rate was controlled by free evaporation from the molten silicon surface. Electron beam irradiation makes it possible to secure a higher temperature at the free liquid surface, which results in more efficient dephosphorization. A continuous flow experiment indicated that the phosphorus concentration at the outlet increased when the silicon feed rate was raised, which was attributed to the fact that the hearth residence time of the molten silicon was proportionally shorter. Thus, the flow of molten silicon in the hearth did not behave as a complete mixed reactor flow type reaction, but was close to a plug flow type reaction. With a 150 kg scale pilot manufacturing plant, MG-Si containing about 25 mass ppm of phosphorus was successfully purified to P < 0.1 mass ppm.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation of Phosphorus in Molten Silicon by an Electron Beam Irradiation Method

Hanazawa¹,

Yuge²,

Kato³

2004

Mater. Trans.

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“…From Fig. 2, According to the previous studies, [10][11][12][13] the sulfur can evaporate from liquid alloys as SiS(g), S(g), and S 2 (g), and the reactions can be described with Eqs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 ... (10) Then, the values of lgf S in Fe-Ni-Si-S and Fe-Si-Cr-S alloy systems are approximately calculated by Eqs. (11) and (12) ... 12The values of S and Si contents after reaction are used to calculate f S . The values of interaction parameters used in Eqs.…”

Section: (4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Si on Desulfurization in Fe–Si–S, Fe–Si–Cr–S and Fe–Si–Ni–S Melts

et al. 2020

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The effect of silicon content varied from 0 to 45 mass% on the desulfurization in Fe-Si-S, Fe-Si-Cr-S, and Fe-Si-Ni-S melts was investigated at 1 873 K (1 600°C). It was found that sulfur can be remarkably removed when the silicon content is more than 30 mass%. From the thermodynamic analysis, it was concluded that sulfur may be primarily evaporated as SiS(g), and the activities of silicon and activity coefficient of sulfur in alloys will increase as increasing the silicon content, which makes the evaporation of SiS(g) more feasible and more sulfur removed.

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“…Dynamic tracking of these quantities is crucial to support modelling and simulation of these processes 2,3 . Vaporization kinetic models based on Langmuir's equation have been widely applied in modelling various material processing methods 4,5,6 . Previous thermodynamic assessment using an ideal solution model based Langmuir's equation was used with limited success to predict the rate of evaporation for multi-element alloys processed using NASA Marshall Space Flight center's Electrostatic levitation (ESL) facility under vacuum conditions and ESA ISS-EML Electromagnetic Levitation (EML) facility 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic assessment of evaporation during molten steel testing onboard the International Space Station

Nawer,

Stanford,

Kolbe

et al. 2024

Preprint

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A series of 54 experiment cycles were performed on an FeCr21Ni19 (at. %) sample in vacuum, He and Ar gas atmospheres using the Electromagnetic Levitation facility onboard the International Space Station (ISS-EML). Evaporation control is a critical facility resource that limits processing time and must be tracked to ensure astronaut safety. Species specific evaporation during this test has been estimated using a mathematical model based on thermodynamic assessment and Langmuir’s equation to track the dynamic mass loss during each thermal cycle. The findings from this study were validated using post-mission SEM-EDX evaluations. The predicted mass loss and elemental distribution from the evaporation model was consistent with experimental observations. Based on facility geometry, deposit layer thicknesses at various locations have also been calculated and results showed excellent agreement with near-real-time predictions using software developed by the German Space Agency (DLR) Microgravity User Support Center (MUSC).

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Evaporation of Alloying Elements and Behavior of Degassing Reactions of High Chromium Steel in Electron Beam Melting.

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Evaporation of Phosphorus in Molten Silicon by an Electron Beam Irradiation Method

Evaporation of Phosphorus in Molten Silicon by an Electron Beam Irradiation Method

Effect of Si on Desulfurization in Fe–Si–S, Fe–Si–Cr–S and Fe–Si–Ni–S Melts

Thermodynamic assessment of evaporation during molten steel testing onboard the International Space Station

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