Evapotranspiration and water use of full and deficit irrigated cotton in the Mediterranean environment in northern Syria

Oweis, Theib; Farahani, Hamid J.; Hachum, Ahmed

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2011.02.009

Cited by 81 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Our findings are consistent with those recently reported by [18] for cotton, who found negligible change in soil water content in layers below 120 -135 cm depth, indicating that the top 120 cm soil depth accounted for over 95% of the root water extraction. However, in our study, 95% of the seasonal soil water extraction occurred from an even shallower depth of about 110 cm.…”

Section: Seasonal Water Extraction From Each Soil Depthsupporting

confidence: 83%

Field Evaluation of Soil Water Extraction of Cotton

Payero¹,

Harris²,

Robinson³

2017

OJSS

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Water scarcity is often a major limiting factor in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production, and sustaining productivity and profitability with limited water is a major challenge for the cotton industry. A good understanding of the magnitude, timing and spatial distribution of cotton soil water extraction is important for proper irrigation management, and for development of accurate crop models and decision support systems. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the water extraction distribution of cotton under different irrigation regimes. Specific objectives were to quantify: 1) the depth of soil water extraction as a function of time, 2) the percent of seasonal water extraction from each soil depth, and 3) the relationship between depth of soil water extraction and canopy height. To meet these specific objectives, daily and seasonal cotton soil water extraction were determined from continuous records of water content in the soil profile measured from four irrigation treatments during a field experiment. We found that cotton extracted soil water from as deep as 150 cm, but the percent of seasonal extraction sharply decreased with soil depth. The top 50 cm soil layer accounted for 75% of the seasonal extraction and the top 80 cm, for 90%. We also found that from 32 days after sowing (DAS) to 100 DAS, the depth of soil water extraction increased linearly at a rate of 1.89 cm•day −1 or 2.36 times the increase in crop canopy height. These findings suggest that cotton producers should manage irrigations to maintain adequate moisture in the top 80 cm of the soil profile rather than relying on moisture stored deeper in the profile.

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Section: Seasonal Water Extraction From Each Soil Depthsupporting

confidence: 83%

Field Evaluation of Soil Water Extraction of Cotton

Payero¹,

Harris²,

Robinson³

2017

OJSS

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“…Unexpected reduction in WUEET with deficit irrigation may be related to grain yield decline with water stress that resulted in lower WUEET. Oweis et al (2011) reported severe decline in WUEET under water stress. The authors postulated that at lower irrigation levels, plants remaining under water stress used less water and produced low grain yield with low WUEET indices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Supply of Water and Nitrogen Improves Grain Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Crop Nitrogen Recovery in Wheat

Bibi¹,

Anwar-ul-Hassan²,

Murtaza³

et al. 2016

IJAB

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Little information is available on the role of optimized application of irrigation and N on crop N recovery and NO3-N build up and movement in soil profile. A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of irrigation and N management practices on wheat yield, water and fertilizer use efficiency and NO3-N distribution in soil. The treatments included were three levels of irrigation; 0.7, 1.0 and 1.3% of the estimated evapo-transpiration (ETc) and four levels of N; 0, 110, 160 and 210 kg N ha -1 in split plot design. The N was applied either in two splits (50% at sowing + 50% at maximum tillering) or three splits (50% at sowing + 25% at maximum tillering + 25% at spike initiation). Nitrogen applied at 110 kg ha -1 in three splits produced higher wheat yield, N recovery and water use efficiency (WUE) than two splits. Further, application of N in three splits had considerably lesser accumulation of NO3-N in soil as compared to two splits. A significant irrigation effect was observed on grain yield, N recovery and WUE. The highest levels were achieved with water application according to crop water requirement (1.0 ETc). The deficit irrigation produced significantly lower grain yield (3.15 t ha ). Deficit irrigation resulted in higher build up of NO3-N in surface soil. In contrast, excessive irrigation resulted in greater concentration of NO3-N in lower depths of soil. The results from this research show that there is great potential for decreasing N leaching and increasing wheat crop yield and N use efficiency thorugh controlled irrigation and N application according to crop demand.

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“…The decrease in WUE with the highest level of N (240 kg N ha −1 ) at both levels of irrigation could be ascribed to the decrease in GY with this level of N fertilization. A moderate amount of irrigation can improve WUE, while a reduction in WUE with deficit irrigation may be related to GY decline with water stress (Oweis, Farahani, & Hachum, ). A decline in WUE can also occur with excessive irrigation, and may be due to relatively greater ET than the corresponding increase in GY (Zwart & Bastiaanssen, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No‐tillage with reduced water and nitrogen supply improves water use efficiency of wheat in arid regions

et al. 2020

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No‐tillage, plastic mulching, optimal irrigation, nutrient management, and crop rotation are valuable strategies for improving water use efficiency (WUE) in arid regions, but the effect of no‐tillage combined with plastic mulching on WUE has not been tested. In 2016 and 2017, a field experiment was conducted after plastic mulched maize (Zea mays L.) in northwestern China to assess how tillage, irrigation, and nitrogen levels affect soil evaporation (E), evapotranspiration (ET), grain yield (GY), and WUE of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This study evaluated all combinations of two tillage practices (NT, no‐tillage with previous plastic mulching; CT, conventional tillage), two irrigation levels (high: local conventional irrigation amount, 240 mm; and low: local conventional irrigation amount reduced by 20%, 192 mm), and three nitrogen levels (high: local conventional nitrogen amount, 225 kg ha−1; medium: local conventional nitrogen amount reduced by 20%, 180 kg ha−1; and low: local conventional nitrogen amount reduced by 40%, 135 kg ha−1). Across the study years, NT reduced E and E/ET and increased GY and WUE at all irrigation and nitrogen levels compared with CT. No‐tillage with low irrigation and medium nitrogen reduced E, ET, and E/ET by 29%, 4%, and 26%, respectively, and improved GY and WUE by 19% and 24%, respectively, compared with CT with high supplies of irrigation and nitrogen. We concluded that NT into plastic mulched maize with a reduction in irrigation and a moderate level of nitrogen can improve WUE of wheat in arid regions, thereby enhancing the sustainability of cereal production.

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Evapotranspiration and water use of full and deficit irrigated cotton in the Mediterranean environment in northern Syria

Cited by 81 publications

References 13 publications

Field Evaluation of Soil Water Extraction of Cotton

Field Evaluation of Soil Water Extraction of Cotton

Optimal Supply of Water and Nitrogen Improves Grain Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Crop Nitrogen Recovery in Wheat

No‐tillage with reduced water and nitrogen supply improves water use efficiency of wheat in arid regions

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