“…This is because cynicism is expressed destructively (e.g., uncooperative) and actively (e.g., employing voice but in a disparaging way) (Wilkerson et al, 2008). Empirical evidence showed that employee cynicism associates negatively with organizational commitment (Andersson & Bateman, 1997), organizational citizenship behaviour (Abraham, 2000;Bedeian, 2007), job satisfaction (Abraham, 2000), and positively with grievance (Wanous, Reichers, & Austin, 2000), badmouthing (Wilkerson et al, 2008), and employee turnover (Bedeian, 2007). Therefore, it is highly relevant to investigate its role in employee-customer service encounters (Ashforth & Humphrey, 1993;Dormann & Zapf, 2004).…”