Event memory and suggestibility in abused and neglected children: Trauma-related psychopathology and cognitive functioning

Chae, Yoojin; Goodman, Gail S.; Eisen, Mitchell L.; Qin, Jianjian

doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2011.05.006

Cited by 50 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Avoidant emotion regulation techniques implemented by dissociative individuals may result in the substandard encoding of event information, leading to memory deficits (Goodman et al, 2010). Consistent with this theory, among 3-to 16-year-olds involved in forensic investigations of maltreatment, highly dissociative participants who self-reported more trauma symptoms than did their peers provided significantly more incorrect information about a previously experienced play event (Chae et al, 2011). In addition, Eisen and colleagues (2007) found that, when interviewing children suspected of having suffered maltreatment, those children who had obtained higher dissociation scores, who were more physiologically distressed during medical procedures, and who self-reported more trauma symptoms made significantly more memory errors than other children when interviewed about the medical procedures.…”

Section: Psychopathology Maltreatment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Maltreated children display significantly more dissociative symptoms than non-maltreated children (Chae, Goodman, Eisen, & Qin, 2011;Eisen et al, 2007). Maltreatment may be related to dissociative symptoms through victims' possible use of defensive strategies to psychologically avoid the pain of traumatic situations.…”

Section: Psychopathology Maltreatment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maltreatment may be related to dissociative symptoms through victims' possible use of defensive strategies to psychologically avoid the pain of traumatic situations. Use of these strategies could result in limited information processing, and therefore facilitate psychological "removal" from the distressing situation (Bower & Sivers, 1998;Chae et al, 2011). Avoidant emotion regulation techniques implemented by dissociative individuals may result in the substandard encoding of event information, leading to memory deficits (Goodman et al, 2010).…”

Section: Psychopathology Maltreatment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Child Maltreatment, Trauma‐Related Psychopathology, and Eyewitness Memory in Children and Adolescents

McWilliams

Harris

Goodman

2014

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Two experiments were conducted to examine eyewitness memory in children and adolescents (9- to 15-years-old) with and without known histories of maltreatment (e.g., physical abuse, exposure to domestic violence). In Experiment 1, participants (N = 35) viewed a positive film clip depicting a congenial interaction between family members. In Experiment 2, participants (N = 31) watched a negative film clip in which a family argument was shown. Younger age and higher levels of trauma-related psychopathology significantly predicted commission errors to direct questions when the positive family interaction had been viewed, but not when the negative family interaction had been shown. Maltreatment history was not a significant unique predictor of memory performance for the positive or negative film clip. Implications for a scientific understanding of the effects of child maltreatment on memory are discussed.

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Section: Psychopathology Maltreatment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Psychopathology Maltreatment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Psychopathology Maltreatment and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Child Maltreatment, Trauma‐Related Psychopathology, and Eyewitness Memory in Children and Adolescents

McWilliams

Harris

Goodman

2014

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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“…In our study, sexual abuse was most likely to have played a role, while there was no obvious evidence for issues of neglect. This is important because research suggests that different types of trauma might have differential effects on memory (Chae et al ., 2011). It is certainly possible that both the use of different memory measures and somewhat different trauma samples might have contributed to the slightly different false memory outcomes between Baugerud et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results basically showed that maltreated children responded in a similar way to the follow‐up questions and thus were not found to be either more or less vulnerable to suggestive pressure than control children. This dovetails nicely with other work that also revealed that abuse status did not impact suggestibility levels (Chae et al ., 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maltreatment increases spontaneous false memories but decreases suggestion‐induced false memories in children

Otgaar

Howe

Muris

2017

British J of Dev Psycho

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We examined the creation of spontaneous and suggestion‐induced false memories in maltreated and non‐maltreated children. Maltreated and non‐maltreated children were involved in a Deese–Roediger–McDermott false memory paradigm where they studied and remembered negative and neutral word lists. Suggestion‐induced false memories were created using a misinformation procedure during which both maltreated and non‐maltreated children viewed a negative video (i.e., bank robbery) and later received suggestive misinformation concerning the event. Our results showed that maltreated children had higher levels of spontaneous negative false memories but lower levels of suggestion‐induced false memories as compared to non‐maltreated children. Collectively, our study demonstrates that maltreatment both increases and decreases susceptibility to memory illusions depending on the type of false memory being induced. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Trauma affects memory.It is unclear how trauma affects false memory. What does this study add? This study focuses on two types of false memories.

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Children: Suggestibility of

Block

Shockley

2013

Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science

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The suggestibility of children is particularly important to consider when children are responsible for providing eyewitness accounts. Young children are especially vulnerable to internal and external forms of suggestibility, although research findings are mixed to the exact extent of suggestibility on memory. To decrease children's susceptibility to suggestion, it is typically recommended that children are interviewed in a nonleading manner as soon as possible after the event and protected from social forms of pressure (e.g., from parents or peers). Interviewing children in a nonleading manner involves using free recall and open‐ended questions. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the cognitive interview are both examples of interviewing techniques that primarily use free recall and open‐ended questioning. Certain individual traits have also been associated with resistance to false suggestions, such as language skills, verbal ability, self‐esteem, and parental attachment style. However, it is important to note that, these traits have not been consistently related to suggestibility. Research has also been mixed on whether children are less suggestible about negative or taboo events when compared to more positive or neutral events. Reducing suggestibility during interviews is one step in preventing wrongful convictions while also protecting the credibility of children as witnesses.

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Event memory and suggestibility in abused and neglected children: Trauma-related psychopathology and cognitive functioning

Cited by 50 publications

References 57 publications

Child Maltreatment, Trauma‐Related Psychopathology, and Eyewitness Memory in Children and Adolescents

Child Maltreatment, Trauma‐Related Psychopathology, and Eyewitness Memory in Children and Adolescents

Maltreatment increases spontaneous false memories but decreases suggestion‐induced false memories in children

Children: Suggestibility of

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