Event-related brain potentials reveal strategy selection in younger and older adults

Bowie, Daniel C.; Low, Kathy A.; Fabiani, Monica; Gratton, Gabriele

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108163

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The analysis for the strategic context replicated previously reported effects (Bowie et al, 2021). Participants were more efficient in the congruent vs. with neutral cues only ('no-prediction' cues from the strategic context and neutral cues from the affective context).…”

Section: Contextual Variability Supports the Behavioral Performance O...supporting

confidence: 78%

“…On average, 12% of trials (SD = 10%) were excluded, leaving approximately 1,520 trials per participant for analysis. The analyses replicated previously reported effects (Bowie et al, 2021;Gratton et al, 1992), indicating that data trimming did not impact the results.…”

Section: Behavioral Analysissupporting

confidence: 78%

“…A three-way interaction was observed for this limited (neutral only) cue set [F(1,41) = 6.72, p = 0.01, ηp² = 0.14], bolstering the interpretation that the greater contextual variability and novelty introduced by repeatedly changing cues in the affective context supports the cognitive performance of older adults. This interpretation is further corroborated by the absence of significant effects of cue valence in the affective ANOVA (see above), as well as the absence of block order or arousal effects in the follow-up analyses (see also Footnote 2 in Bowie et al, 2021).…”

Section: Contextual Variability Supports the Behavioral Performance O...mentioning

confidence: 55%

“…1A). We capitalized on changes in the aperiodic background activity induced by cues, which do not require any overt PREPRINT: Kałamała, P., Gyurkovics, M., Bowie, D., Clements, G., Low, K., Fabiani responses but provide information to prepare for the upcoming target stimuli (Bowie et al, 2021;Gratton et al, 1992). To capture the temporal dynamics of aperiodic activity, the cue-related EEG was divided into a pre-cue time window and three consecutive post-cue time windows (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Event-Induced Modulation of Aperiodic Background EEG: Attention-Dependent and Age-Related Shifts in E:I balance, and Their Consequences for Behavior

Kałamała

Gyurkovics

Bowie

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The broadband shape of the EEG spectrum, summarized using a 1/fxfunction, is thought to reflect the balance between excitation and inhibition in cortical regions (E:I balance). This balance is an important characteristic of neural circuits and could inform studies of aging, as older adults show a relative inhibitory activity deficit. Thus far, no studies have leveraged the event-related temporal dynamics of 1/fxactivity to better understand the phases of information processing, especially in the context of aging. Here, for the first time, we examined variations of this activity during the foreperiod of a cued flanker task in younger (YA) and older adults (OA), with picture cues varying in task relevance, relative novelty, and valence. We report a biphasic change in the spectral exponent (corresponding to negative slopes in log-log space) after cue presentation, independent of cue-elicited ERPs, with an initial period of increased negativity (indicating cortical inhibition, similar in YA and OA) followed by decreased negativity (indicating cortical excitation, especially in OA). The decrease in the exponent negativity was associated with lower performance and greater congruency costs in the flanker task. Finally, more novel cues reduced the shift towards excitation in OA, partly restoring their E:I balance and diminishing congruency costs. These findings demonstrate that the broadband shape of the EEG spectrum varies dynamically in a manner that is predictive of subsequent behavior. They also expand our understanding of how neural communication shapes cognition in YA and OA and have implications for neuroscientific models of cognitive processing and age-related cognitive decline.

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Section: Contextual Variability Supports the Behavioral Performance O...supporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Behavioral Analysissupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Contextual Variability Supports the Behavioral Performance O...mentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Event-Induced Modulation of Aperiodic Background EEG: Attention-Dependent and Age-Related Shifts in E:I balance, and Their Consequences for Behavior

Kałamała

Gyurkovics

Bowie

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Event‐related theta responses in the aging brain do not necessarily become attenuated during cognitive tasks (Bowie et al, 2021). For instance, auditory Go/No‐Go task elicits stronger theta coherence and power in older adults during inhibition (Schmiedt‐Fehr et al, 2011), while decreased coherence and power was reported with a visual Go/No‐Go task during inhibition (Schmiedt‐Fehr & Başar‐Eroğlu, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging attenuated theta response during multistable perception

et al. 2023

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Multistable stimuli are physically unchanging, but elicit spontaneous perceptual reversals between multiple internally generated perceptual alternatives. Perceptual reversal rates seem to decrease in older adults; however, there is no literature on the electrophysiological correlates of this performance decrease. Here, we aimed to identify age‐related changes in theta activity that relate to decreased reversal rates of older adults. Electroencephalography (EEG) of young (n = 15) and older adults (n = 15) was recorded during presentation of stroboscopic alternative motion (SAM) and a control stimulus. Time‐frequency amplitudes were extracted in 4–8 Hz via Morlet wavelet convolution. Older adults had lower SAM reversals as well as decreased accuracy, increased reaction time (RT) and increased RT variability in the control task. In older adults, reversal‐related frontal theta response was diminished, yet parietal theta was intact. In the parietal area, the relationship between theta response and reversal rates was robust, but in the frontal area, was dependent on age‐related variance. Result indicated that, in older adults, top‐down facilitation of perceptual reversals was impaired. This appears to result in a predominantly bottom‐up resolution of perceptual multistability. Age‐related degradation of sensory areas in this bottom‐up‐driven resolution process might have slowed reversals. This study presents the first electrophysiological correlates of age‐related impairment in multistable perceptual integration.

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Altered processing of conflicting body representations in women with restrictive anorexia nervosa

Fusco

Ciccarone

Petrucci

et al. 2023

Psychological Research

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Event-related brain potentials reveal strategy selection in younger and older adults

Cited by 5 publications

References 70 publications

Event-Induced Modulation of Aperiodic Background EEG: Attention-Dependent and Age-Related Shifts in E:I balance, and Their Consequences for Behavior

Event-Induced Modulation of Aperiodic Background EEG: Attention-Dependent and Age-Related Shifts in E:I balance, and Their Consequences for Behavior

Aging attenuated theta response during multistable perception

Altered processing of conflicting body representations in women with restrictive anorexia nervosa

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