Event-related potentials during exposure to aversion and its anticipation: The moderating effect of intolerance of uncertainty

Gole, Markus; Schäfer, Axel; Schienle, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2011.11.054

Cited by 53 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our results are inconsistent with a study that failed to reveal uncertainty-related modulations of the LPP in individuals reporting low intolerance of uncertainty (IU), but did show decreased LPPs specifically for uncertain aversive stimuli in individuals reporting high IU (Gole, Schäfer, & Schienle, 2012). However, although a cueing procedure similar to ours was implemented in that study, the participants were explicitly informed that the neutral and aversive pictures occurred equiprobably after uncertain cues.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty is associated with increased selective attention and sustained stimulus processing

Dieterich

Endraß

Kathmann

2016

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Uncertainty about future threat has been found to be associated with an overestimation of threat probability and is hypothesized to elicit additional allocation of attention. We used event-related potentials to examine uncertainty-related dynamics in attentional allocation, exploiting brain potentials' high temporal resolution and sensitivity to attention. Thirty participants performed a picture-viewing task in which cues indicated the subsequent picture valence. A certain-neutral and a certain-aversive cue accurately predicted subsequent picture valence, whereas an uncertain cue did not. Participants overestimated the effective frequency of aversive pictures following the uncertain cue, both during and after the task, signifying expectancy and covariation biases, and they tended to express lower subjective valences for aversive pictures presented after the uncertain cue. Pictures elicited increased P2 and LPP amplitudes when their valence could not be predicted from the cue. For the LPP, this effect was more pronounced in response to neutral pictures. Uncertainty appears to enhance the engagement of early phasic and sustained attention for uncertainly cued targets. Thus, defensive motivation related to uncertainty about future threat elicits specific attentional dynamics implicating prioritization at various processing stages, especially for nonthreatening stimuli that tend to violate expectations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty is associated with increased selective attention and sustained stimulus processing

Dieterich

Endraß

Kathmann

2016

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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“…Further, Gole et al [39] suggest that the P200 reflects early automatic attention allocation for threatening information or warning cues. In word processing, Ma et al [40] postulated that the P200 is an attention-related component and that enhanced P200 amplitude indicates the allocation of attentional resources to evolutionarily significant stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Valence-Space Metaphors: ERP Evidence for Affective Word Processing

2014

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Embodied cognition contends that the representation and processing of concepts involve perceptual, somatosensory, motoric, and other physical re-experiencing information. In this view, affective concepts are also grounded in physical information. For instance, people often say “feeling down” or “cheer up” in daily life. These phrases use spatial information to understand affective concepts. This process is referred to as valence-space metaphor. Valence-space metaphors refer to the employment of spatial information (lower/higher space) to elaborate affective concepts (negative/positive concepts). Previous studies have demonstrated that processing affective words affects performance on a spatial detection task. However, the mechanism(s) behind this effect remain unclear. In the current study, we hypothesized that processing affective words might produce spatial information. Consequently, spatial information would affect the following spatial cue detection/discrimination task. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to remember an affective word. Then, they completed a spatial cue detection task while event-related potentials were recorded. The results indicated that the top cues induced enhanced amplitude of P200 component while participants kept positive words relative to negative words in mind. On the contrary, the bottom cues induced enhanced P200 amplitudes while participants kept negative words relative to positive words in mind. In Experiment 2, we conducted a behavioral experiment that employed a similar paradigm to Experiment 1, but used arrows instead of dots to test the attentional nature of the valence-space metaphor. We found a similar facilitation effect as found in Experiment 1. Positive words facilitated the discrimination of upper arrows, whereas negative words facilitated the discrimination of lower arrows. In summary, affective words might activate spatial information and cause participants to allocate their attention to corresponding locations. Valence-space metaphors might be grounded in attention allocation.

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“…The late positive potential (LPP) is a broad, parietally distributed sustained positivity starting around 300 ms after stimulus onset (Schupp et al, 2000). The early LPP increases in response to cues for threat of shock (Bublatzky, & Schupp, 2012) and during resolution of uncertainty (Dieterich, Endrass, & Kathmann, 2016), and decreases to signify uncertainty-related avoidance (Gole, Schäfer, & Schienle, 2012). Importantly, postsensory components reportedly capture uncertainty-related modulations in attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty increases neural indices of attention in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2017

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Event-related potentials during exposure to aversion and its anticipation: The moderating effect of intolerance of uncertainty

Cited by 53 publications

References 27 publications

Uncertainty is associated with increased selective attention and sustained stimulus processing

Uncertainty is associated with increased selective attention and sustained stimulus processing

The Mechanism of Valence-Space Metaphors: ERP Evidence for Affective Word Processing

Uncertainty increases neural indices of attention in obsessive-compulsive disorder

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