Event segmentation reveals working memory forgetting rate

Jafarpour, Anna; Buffalo, Elizabeth A.; Knight, Robert T.; Collins, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.103902

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…As supporting evidence, an increase in BOLD signal in the vmPFC within an event has been taken as evidence for the accumulation of instances within an episode (Ezzyat & Davachi, 2011). Furthermore, WM is claimed to underlie event segmentation due to its limited capacity in storing ongoing instances (Jafarpour et al, 2022;Radvansky, 2017). However, these claims are either mostly at the level of theoretical models and have not been directly tested, or rely on indirect inference as obtained by fMRI.…”

Section: How Do Continuous Percepts Are Segmented Into Discrete Memor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, many aspects of WM involvement in event segmentation remain unexplored. For example, it is unclear how the WM system achieves a sense of continuity (Jafarpour et al, 2022). Likewise, the particular role of WM in creating a segmented episodic memory structure -both within and across events -based on continuous instances is traditionally ignored (Radvansky, 2017).…”

Section: How Do Continuous Percepts Are Segmented Into Discrete Memor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By relying on such a mechanism, segmentation could occur more frequently on a fine-grained level if the items within an event exceed the WM capacity. For the memory performance, an increased number of finegrained segmentation could decrease the temporal order memory performance (Jafarpour et al, 2022). However, it could be at least adaptively possible to remember the source memory of these items (Heusser et al, 2018).…”

Section: How Do Continuous Percepts Are Segmented Into Discrete Memor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discrete memories of a continuous world: A working memory perspective on event segmentation

Güler¹,

Adıgüzel²,

Uysal³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We perceive the world in a continuum but remember our past as discrete episodic events. Dominant models of event segmentation suggest that prediction errors or contextual changes are the driving factors that parse continuous experiences into segmented events. These models propose working memory to hold a critical role in event segmentation, yet the particular functioning of working memory that underlies segmented episodic memories remains unclear. Here, we first review the literature regarding the factors that result in the segmentation of episodic memories. Next, we discuss the role of working memory under two possible models regarding how it represents information within each event. Lastly, we summarize the role of the hippocampus in segmenting and integrating events. Clarifying the contributions of working memory to event segmentation is important to improve our understanding of the structure of episodic memories.

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Section: How Do Continuous Percepts Are Segmented Into Discrete Memor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Do Continuous Percepts Are Segmented Into Discrete Memor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Do Continuous Percepts Are Segmented Into Discrete Memor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Discrete memories of a continuous world: A working memory perspective on event segmentation

Güler¹,

Adıgüzel²,

Uysal³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Temporal memory, shaped by the relatedness of the sequence of events, can be studied as the absolute time relative to salient event boundaries 9 or as the recency of events relative to each other 10,11 . At encoding, both the OFC and HPC track the temporal relatedness of events 12 , and the left HPC is known to represent the temporal approximation of events 13 .…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple memory systems for efficient temporal order memory

Jafarpour

Lin

Knight

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We report the distinct contribution of multiple memory systems to retrieval of the temporal order of events. The neural dynamics related to retrieval of movie scenes revealed that recalling the temporal order of close events elevates hippocampal theta power, like that observed for recalling close spatial relationships. In contrast, recalling far events elevates beta power in the orbitofrontal cortex, reflecting recall based on the overall movie structure.

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“…However, meaningful individual differences are preserved above these shared patterns. Individual differences in behavioral segmentation patterns are stable over time (Speer et al, 2009) and correlate with age and other cognitive abilities such as working memory capacity, long-term memory retrieval, and performance on other tasks (Bailey et al, 2017;Jafarpour et al, 2022;4 Sargent et al, 2013;Zacks et al, 2006). Further, disrupted segmentation is seen in certain clinical conditions such as schizophrenia (Zalla et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in neural event segmentation of continuous experiences

Sava-Segal

Richards

Leung

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Event segmentation is a spontaneous part of perception, important for processing continuous information and organizing it into memory. While neural and behavioral event segmentation show a degree of inter-subject consistency, meaningful individual variability exists atop these shared patterns. Here we characterized individual differences in the location of neural and behavioral event boundaries across four short movies that varied in both high- and low-level features and evoked variable interpretations. We studied the same individuals across movies to investigate the extent to which individual segmentation styles are stable irrespective of the stimulus (i.e., "trait-like") versus content-dependent. Results showed that across-subject event boundary alignment follows a posterior-to-anterior gradient that is tightly correlated with the rate of segmentation; slower segmenting regions that integrate information over longer time periods show more individual variability. We found that certain aspects of movie content-namely, continuity editing and social content-drive more shared boundaries and are better suited to pull out individual differences. We identified a subset of regions, specific to each movie, in which neural boundary locations are both aligned with behavioral boundaries during encoding and predictive of stimulus interpretation, suggesting that event segmentation may be a mechanism by which narratives generate variable memories and appraisals of stimuli.

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Event segmentation reveals working memory forgetting rate

Cited by 23 publications

References 66 publications

Discrete memories of a continuous world: A working memory perspective on event segmentation

Discrete memories of a continuous world: A working memory perspective on event segmentation

Multiple memory systems for efficient temporal order memory

Individual differences in neural event segmentation of continuous experiences

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