Events Within the First Year of Life, but Not the Neonatal Period, Affect Risk for Later Development of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Bernstein, Çharles N.; Burchill, Charles; Targownik, Laura E.; Singh, Harminder; Roos, Leslie L.

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.02.004

Cited by 62 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…According to a systematic review by Cholapranee et al, there is an inverse association between bedroom sharing, number of siblings, and the risk of IBD [29]. In support of the "hygiene hypothesis" a recent population-based study [30] on 825 IBD cases and 5999 matched controls found that being in the highest socioeconomic quintile at birth increased risk of developing IBD at some point in life. The same study found that early-life infections and the presence of a mother affected by IBD increased the risk of developing IBD later in life.…”

Section: Previous Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal and Antibiotic Exposures and the Risk of Developing Childhood-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Based on a Population-Based Birth Cohort

Canova

Ludvigsson

Domenicantonio

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The role of early-life environmental exposures on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) onset remains unclear. We aimed to quantify the impact of perinatal conditions and antibiotic use in the first 6 and 12 months of life, on the risk of childhood-onset IBD, in a birth cohort of the region Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy). A nested case-control design on a longitudinal cohort of 213,515 newborns was adopted. Conditional binomial regression models were used to estimate Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all analyzed risk factors. We identified 164 individuals with IBD onset before the age of 18 years and 1640 controls. None of the considered perinatal conditions were associated with IBD. Analyses on antibiotic exposure were based on 70 cases and 700 controls. Risks were significantly higher for children with ≥4 antibiotic prescriptions in the first 6 and 12 months of life (OR = 6.34; 95%CI 1.68–24.02 and OR = 2.91; 95%CI 1.31–6.45, respectively). This association was present only among patients with Crohn’s disease and those with earlier IBD onset. We found that perinatal characteristics were not associated to IBD, while the frequent use of antibiotics during the first year of life was associated to an increased risk of developing subsequent childhood-onset IBD.

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Section: Previous Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal and Antibiotic Exposures and the Risk of Developing Childhood-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Based on a Population-Based Birth Cohort

Canova

Ludvigsson

Domenicantonio

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…However, the detailed composition varies regionally and individually according to the traditional diet, lifestyle, and environment [ 34 ]. Before stabilization, the microbiome is in flux and highly susceptible to disruption by external factors, such as infection, antibiotics or diet [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Establishment Of the Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Host-Microbial-Environmental Interactions in Dysbiosis

2020

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Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) are world-wide health problems in which intestinal dysbiosis or adverse functional changes in the microbiome are causative or exacerbating factors. The reduced abundance and diversity of the microbiome may be a result of a lack of exposure to vital commensal microbes or overexposure to competitive pathobionts during early life. Alternatively, many commensal bacteria may not find a suitable intestinal niche or fail to proliferate or function in a protective/competitive manner if they do colonize. Bacteria express a range of factors, such as fimbriae, flagella, and secretory compounds that enable them to attach to the gut, modulate metabolism, and outcompete other species. However, the host also releases factors, such as secretory IgA, antimicrobial factors, hormones, and mucins, which can prevent or regulate bacterial interactions with the gut or disable the bacterium. The delicate balance between these competing host and bacteria factors dictates whether a bacterium can colonize, proliferate or function in the intestine. Impaired functioning of NOD2 in Paneth cells and disrupted colonic mucus production are exacerbating features of CD and UC, respectively, that contribute to dysbiosis. This review evaluates the roles of these and other the host, bacterial and environmental factors in inflammatory bowel diseases.

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“…Recently, our study from Manitoba, published in Gastroenterology, reported that the strongest risk factor for a child ultimately developing IBD was the presence of IBD in their mothers. 7 This factor may be genetic-the mother passing on genes that modulate how metals are handled, genes that modulate the developing gut microbiome, or both. Alternatively, this factor may be environmental-the mother passing on to the child what she is ingesting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Biomarkers for Crohn’s Disease

Bernstein

2020

Gastroenterology

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Events Within the First Year of Life, but Not the Neonatal Period, Affect Risk for Later Development of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Cited by 62 publications

References 20 publications

Perinatal and Antibiotic Exposures and the Risk of Developing Childhood-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Based on a Population-Based Birth Cohort

Perinatal and Antibiotic Exposures and the Risk of Developing Childhood-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Based on a Population-Based Birth Cohort

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Host-Microbial-Environmental Interactions in Dysbiosis

New Biomarkers for Crohn’s Disease

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