Ever Increasing Number of the Animal Model Systems for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Attention, Please

Kim, Hee‐Jin; Park, Seung-Hwa; Kim, Kyeong-Man; Ryu, Jong-Hoon; Cheong, Jae-Hoon; Shin, Chan-Young

doi:10.4062/biomolther.2008.16.4.312

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Evidence suggests that a reduction in hippocampal neurons leads to ADHD symptoms [59]. The exposure of rat pups to X-rays results in behavioral defects similar to those observed in human ADHD [60]. In addition, X-rays are considered to be associated with learning and memory deficiencies [61,62].…”

Section: X-irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Necessity of an Integrative Animal Model for a Comprehensive Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Lee

Yoon

2023

Biomedicines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Animal models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been used to study and understand the behavioral, neural, and physiological mechanisms underlying ADHD. These models allow researchers to conduct controlled experiments and manipulate specific brain regions or neurotransmitter systems to investigate the underlying causes of ADHD and test potential drug targets or treatments. However, it is essential to note that while these models can provide valuable insights, they do not ideally mimic the complex and heterogeneous nature of ADHD and should be interpreted cautiously. Additionally, since ADHD is a multifactorial disorder, environmental and epigenetic factors should be considered simultaneously. In this review, the animal models of ADHD reported thus far are classified into genetic, pharmacological, and environmental models, and the limitations of the representative models are discussed. Furthermore, we provide insights into a more reliable alternative model for the comprehensive study of ADHD.

show abstract

Section: X-irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Necessity of an Integrative Animal Model for a Comprehensive Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Lee

Yoon

2023

Biomedicines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Various animal models for ADHD have been produced by genetic manipulation, neurotoxin treatment, neuronal development retardation, and crossbreeding [7][8][9][10][11]. Among the animal models for ADHD, neonatal hypoxia-induced rats showed an alteration in monoaminergic nervous function, leading to hyperactivity and memory deficiency [12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Red Ginseng on Neonatal Hypoxia-induced Hyperacitivity Phenotype in Rats

Kim¹,

Joo²,

Choi³

et al. 2010

Journal of Ginseng Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects 4-12% of chool-age children worldwide and is characterized by three core symptoms: hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. Although standard pharmacological treatments, such as methylphenidate and atomoxetine, are available, concerns about drug-induced psychological and cardiovascular problems, as well as growth retardation and sleep disturbances, highlight the continuing need for new therapeutic interventions. Using a neonatal hypoxia-induced hyperactivity model in rats, the potential positive role that oral administration of red ginseng extract may have in relation to the hyperactive phenotype was investigated. Hypoxia was induced in 2-day-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat pups by placing them in a nitrogen chamber for 15 min. The neonatal hypoxia-induced rats showed a significant increase in hyperactivity phenotype, such as increased movement duration, movement distance, and rearing frequency, which was determined by monitoring their spontaneous locomotor activity using the Ethovision video tracking system. One week of oral treatment with red ginseng extract decreased the hyperactivity phenotype of the neonatal hypoxia-induced rats and increased the locomotor activity of the control rats. In the neonatal hypoxia-induced rats, expression of the norepinephrine transporter in the forebrain was increased, and red ginseng treatment partially prevented its up-regulation, while increasing its level in the control rats. Taken together, these results suggest that red ginseng extract decreased the neonatal hypoxia-induced hyperactivity phenotype, although it increased locomotor activity in normal animals.

show abstract

“…Two to 15 days exposure of X‐irradiation to rat pups results in the number of behavioral defects that similar to clinical ADHD (Kim et al., 2008); ionizing radiations are considered a significant contributor to human ADHD. Changes produced by early exposure to X‐rays include profound hyperactivity.…”

Section: Animal Models Of Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Rahi

Kumar

2021

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by three primary symptoms hyperactivity, attention deficit, and impulsiveness, observed in both children and adults. In childhood, this disorder is more common in boys than in girls, and at least 75% will continue to suffer from the disorder until adulthood. Individuals with ADHD generally have poor academic, occupational, and social functioning resulting from developmentally inappropriate levels of hyperactivity and impulsivity, as well as impaired ability to maintain attention on motivationally relevant tasks. Very few drugs available in clinical practice altogether abolish the symptoms of ADHD, therefore, to find new drugs and target it is essential to understand the neuropathological, neurochemical, and genetic alterations that lead to the progression of ADHD. With this contrast, an animal study is the best approach because animal models provide relatively fast invasive manipulation, rigorous hypothesis testing, as well as it provides a better angle to understand the pathological mechanisms involved in disease progression. Moreover, animal models, especially for ADHD, serve with good predictive validity would allow the assessment and development of new therapeutic interventions, with this aim, the present review collect the various animal models on a single platform so that the research can select an appropriate model to pursue his study.

show abstract

Ever Increasing Number of the Animal Model Systems for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Attention, Please

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Necessity of an Integrative Animal Model for a Comprehensive Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Necessity of an Integrative Animal Model for a Comprehensive Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Effects of Red Ginseng on Neonatal Hypoxia-induced Hyperacitivity Phenotype in Rats

Animal models of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About