Evergreen species response to Mediterranean climate stress factors

Gratani, Loretta; Catoni, Rosangela; Varone, Laura

doi:10.3832/ifor1848-009

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Such biotic and abiotic factors may contribute to their higher seedbank density in all the cultivation systems under study. In particular, the high light intensity and high temperatures, typically experienced in the Mediterranean Basin [31] and usually found in tilled soils [32], can support the germination and establishment of P. oleracea in CCS, while A. retroflexus problems are common also in no-tillage systems with conventional herbicides, in which seeds are arranged on the soil surface and selected within herbicide-resistant populations [33]. However, high populations of such prolific species can be observed in both organic and conventional systems, in tilled and no-till systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a Cultivation System upon the Weed Seedbank Size and Composition in a Mediterranean Environment

Restuccia¹,

Lombardo²,

Mauromicale³

2019

Agriculture

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The knowledge of the soil seedbank is crucial to predict the dynamics of weed communities and potential future problems in agroecosystem weed management. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative variation of the potential and real weed flora as a function of different cultivation systems (namely organic, conventional and uncultivated) in a Mediterranean environment (Sicily, south Italy). The results proved that soil seedbank density was significantly different in superficial (0–10 cm) and deeper soil layers (10–15 cm) in both organic and conventional cultivation systems. Portulacaceae and Amaranthaceae were the dominant botanical families, although they achieved a higher total number of seeds m−2 under a conventional cultivation system than under organic and uncultivated ones. The whole weed flora was represented by 45 taxa, but the presence of the crop reduced the qualitative and quantitative composition of real weed flora. In conclusion, the knowledge of the seedbank size and composition, as well as the variation in time and space of real flora, may contribute to predict the dynamics of weed emergence and their possible interference with crops. In particular, information on the weed dynamics is essential to develop sustainable control protocols, especially under organic farming.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a Cultivation System upon the Weed Seedbank Size and Composition in a Mediterranean Environment

Restuccia¹,

Lombardo²,

Mauromicale³

2019

Agriculture

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“…In support of this hypothesis, we found a statistically significant correlation between total polyphenols, mainly constituted by tannins, and air temperature ( Table 2 and Supplementary Table S1A). The increase in tannin production observed in July 2015 could be also interpreted as a defense trait of C. incanus to protect the resources acquired during the growing season, thus contributing to retard leaf senescence and abscission and optimizing resource acquisition in nutrient-poor soils conditions (Mediavilla et al, 2001;Wright and Westoby, 2002;Poorter et al, 2009;Massad et al, 2014;Gratani et al, 2016;Puglielli et al, 2017a). Finally, the increment of the fiber-bound proportion of tannins in the leaf cell walls during leaf maturation may have contributed to the lignification process, thus protecting against pathogens and herbivores attack (Zucker, 1983;Bussotti et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination of Morpho-Physiological and Metabolic Traits of Cistus incanus L. to Overcome Heatwave-Associated Summer Drought: A Two-Year On-Site Field Study

et al. 2020

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The shrub Cistus incanus L. is well-adapted to Mediterranean conditions thanks to its morpho-anatomical, physiological and biochemical traits. However, its distribution and survival in coastal dunes will be likely threatened by ongoing runaway climate change. We investigated how the harsh climatic conditions generated by the 2015 summer heat wave triggered specific anatomical, physiological, and biochemical responses of this species in its natural environment. These adjustments were compared to those measured in summer 2014. The drier and hotter conditions of summer 2015 determined an increment in leaf lamina thickness, due to a greater palisade parenchyma, thus leading to an increase in the whole leaf mass per area. These morphoanatomical adjustments enhanced leaf resistance against dehydration, optimized carbon assimilation, and delayed leaf senescence. In addition, the higher amount of secondary metabolites detected for 2015, in particular tannins and monoterpenes, contributed to the maintenance of physiological performances even under hotter and drier conditions, preventing oxidative stress through the consumption of excess reducing power. In conclusion, our study offers new evidence on the integration of morphophysiological and metabolic adjustments of this species growing in its natural habitat to cope with ongoing climate change.

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“…The Mediterranean basin is especially vulnerable to climate change (Goubanova and Li, 2007). Recent climatic projections for the Mediterranean basin predict an air temperature increase and a decline in rainfall, mainly during the summer period, resulting in extended periods of soil water deficit (Gratani et al, 2016;IPCC, 2014). Prolonged dry periods result in a negative soil water balance as the amount of water that evaporates overcomes the amount of water intercepted by the soil through rainfall and summer humidity (Brunetti et al, 2002;Moretti et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of climate change on the spatial distribution and cork production of Quercus suber L., the risk of exclusion by the Aleppo pine expansion, and management practices to protect Q. suber habitat: A review

Mechergui

Jaouadi

Altamimi

et al. 2021

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Climate change represents an important challenge for forest management and the silviculture of stands and it is known that climate change will have complex effects on cork oak forest ecosystems. North Africa and the Mediterranean basin are especially vulnerable to climate change. Under the effect of climate change, cork oak will disappear from a large area in the future, and the rest will migrate to higher altitudes and latitudes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of climate change on the spatial distribution of Quercus suber L. and cork production in the Mediterranean area, and the risk of its exclusion by the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) expansion. The literature review showed that up to 40% of current environmentally suitable areas for cork oak may be lost by 2070, mainly in northern Africa and the southern Iberian Peninsula. Temperature directly influences atmospheric evaporative demand and should affect cork productivity. Precipitation is the main factor that positively influences cork growth and several authors have confirmed the negative effect of drought on this growth. Currently, cork oak habitats are colonized in several places mainly by the Aleppo pine. Under climate change, Aleppo pine is projected to occupy higher altitude sites and several authors have predicted that current and future global warming will have a positive influence on Aleppo pine growth in wet sites. In the future and under climate change, there is a strong possibility that the Aleppo pine will colonize cork oak habitat. Finally, we proposed management practices to protect cork oak against climate change and Aleppo pine expansion.

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Evergreen species response to Mediterranean climate stress factors

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Impact of a Cultivation System upon the Weed Seedbank Size and Composition in a Mediterranean Environment

Impact of a Cultivation System upon the Weed Seedbank Size and Composition in a Mediterranean Environment

Coordination of Morpho-Physiological and Metabolic Traits of Cistus incanus L. to Overcome Heatwave-Associated Summer Drought: A Two-Year On-Site Field Study

Effect of climate change on the spatial distribution and cork production of Quercus suber L., the risk of exclusion by the Aleppo pine expansion, and management practices to protect Q. suber habitat: A review

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