Evidence accumulates indicating periodontal disease as a risk factor for colorectal cancer or lymphoma

Barton, Mary Kay

doi:10.3322/caac.21367

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…No associations were detected in four of the six included studies (13,15,17,18), but two studies reported a higher risk of hematopoietic and lymphatic cancer among participants with PD (14,16). The qualitative synthesis results indicated that PD was significantly associated with increased risk of hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers, especially lymphatic cancers, which is in agreement with previous report (19). The underlying mechanisms behind the potential association are as follows: first, PD may increase cancer risk through the chronic release of inflammatory mediators or immune system dysregulation (29)(30)(31)(32).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The most common risk factors associated with hematopoietic cancers (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, multiple myeloma) include older age, smoking, prior chemotherapy, and exposure to radiation (https://www.cancer.gov/ types/leukemia). Recently, numerous epidemiological studies exploring the risk of hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers in patients with periodontitis have been published (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). However, these studies showed inconsistent results and the evidence remained inclusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers in patients with periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wu¹,

Li²,

Shi³

et al. 2020

Med Oral

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Background: Numerous studies have explored the correlation of periodontal disease (PD) with risk of hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers, but the findings were inconsistent. Therefore, we did a meta-analysis to ascertain the correlation of PD with risk of incident hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers. Material and Methods: The authors searched relevant studies in databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and MED-LINE). The summary relative risk (RR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by use of random or fixed effects models. Results: Six studies were included in qualitative synthesis. The pooled analysis revealed that PD was significantly associated with an increased risk of hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers (RR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.07-1.27; P = 0). Stratified analysis showed the association of PD with hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers remained significant in the never smokers (RR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.07-1.54; P = 0.007), and in the American population (RR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.05-1.30; P = 0.003), respectively. Conclusion: Never smokers population and the American population with PD have a higher risk of developing hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers. PD might be considered as a risk factor for hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers in patients with periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wu¹,

Li²,

Shi³

et al. 2020

Med Oral

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“…Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of the periodontium leading to destruction of the alveolar bone and finally tooth loss, for which it is the most important reason worldwide ( Darveau , 2010 ). Periodontitis additionally increases the risk for systemic diseases like artherovascular disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and certain forms of cancer ( Genco and Van Dyke, 2010 ; Lundberg et al, 2010 ; Lalla and Papapanou, 2011 ; Barton, 2017 ; Michaud et al, 2017 ). Although periodontitis is the most prevalent infectious disease and dental plaque the most thoroughly studied microbiota of humans, its etiology is still unsolved ( Darveau, 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worlds Apart – Transcriptome Profiles of Key Oral Microbes in the Periodontal Pocket Compared to Single Laboratory Culture Reflect Synergistic Interactions

et al. 2018

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Periodontitis is a worldwide prevalent oral disease which results from dysbiosis of the periodontal microbiome. Some of the most active microbial players, e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, have extensively been studied in the laboratory, but it is unclear to which extend these findings can be transferred to in vivo conditions. Here we show that the transcriptional profiles of P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and F. nucleatum in the periodontal niche are distinct from those in single laboratory culture and exhibit functional similarities. GO (gene ontology) term enrichment analysis showed up-regulation of transporters, pathogenicity related traits and hemin/heme uptake mechanisms for all three species in vivo. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that cysteine proteases, transporters and hemin/heme-binding proteins were highly up-regulated in the periodontal niche, while genes involved in DNA modification were down-regulated. The data suggest strong interactions between those three species regarding protein degradation, iron up-take, and mobility in vivo, explaining their enhanced synergistic pathogenicity. We discovered a strikingly high frequency of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in vivo. For F. nucleatum we discovered a total of 127,729 SNPs in periodontal niche transcripts, which were found in similar frequency in health and disease and covered the entire genome, suggesting continuous evolution in the host. We conclude that metabolic interactions shape gene expression in vivo. Great caution is required when inferring pathogenicity of microbes from laboratory data, and microdiversity is an important adaptive trait of natural communities.

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“…Such a mechanism could act both locally and distally (Coussens & Werb, ; Mantovani et al, ; Mantovani & Pierotti, ). Furthermore, other authors have hypothesized that a para‐inflammation mechanism (a low‐grade inflammation that could be associated with periodontitis) could also be involved in cancer development (Aran et al, ; Barton, ). Tonetti et al found that treatment of periodontitis can improve oral dysbiosis and reduce systemic inflammation (Tonetti et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is periodontitis a risk indicator for gastrointestinal cancers? A meta‐analysis of cohort studies

Zhang

Sun

Song

et al. 2019

J Clinic Periodontology

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Objective To evaluate the association between periodontitis and the incidence and mortality of gastrointestinal cancer. Method A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify all relevant studies published prior to April 2019 according to the established inclusion criteria. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random‐effects model. Results We identified 10 studies with 26 estimates of the relationship between periodontitis and gastrointestinal cancer. The HR for the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer in periodontitis was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.10–1.37). Subgroup analyses showed that periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal cancers in prospective cohort studies and high–quality studies, North American individuals, and individuals 18 years or older, as well as when the dental status was self‐reported and when the study was adjusted for smoking. A meta‐analysis of nine reports demonstrated that periodontitis was associated with increased mortality from gastrointestinal cancer (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.16–2.16). Additionally, periodontitis was associated with mortality from pancreatic cancer (HR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.44–3.37); thus, periodontitis may be a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Conclusion Our meta‐analysis demonstrated that periodontitis may be a risk factor for gastrointestinal cancers. Additional prospective cohort studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

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Evidence accumulates indicating periodontal disease as a risk factor for colorectal cancer or lymphoma

Abstract: Key Points Periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and NHL. Research to determine whether periodontal disease is causal and to identify the mechanism is needed. More communication between dental and medical professionals is indicated.

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers in patients with periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers in patients with periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Worlds Apart – Transcriptome Profiles of Key Oral Microbes in the Periodontal Pocket Compared to Single Laboratory Culture Reflect Synergistic Interactions

Is periodontitis a risk indicator for gastrointestinal cancers? A meta‐analysis of cohort studies

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