Evidence Against Fusarium Poae and Siteroptes Graminum as Causal Agents of Silver Top of Grasses

Hardison, John R.

doi:10.1080/00275514.1959.12024853

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Involvement of insect vectors in the transmission of F. poae is uncertain. Conclusions concerning the relationship between insect vectors and F. poae, and infection of grasses are often contradictory (Stewart & Hodgkiss 1908, Hardison 1959, Peter son & Vea 1971, Keil 1946; however the occurrence …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early colonization of the ears of wheat and barley byFusarium poae

Sturz¹,

Johnston²

1983

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early colonization of the ears of wheat and barley byFusarium poae

Sturz¹,

Johnston²

1983

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, Hardison (1959) obtained evidence against the fungus and mite as causal agents, these organisms being found to be secondary invaders of the already damaged stem tissue. However, Hardison (1959) obtained evidence against the fungus and mite as causal agents, these organisms being found to be secondary invaders of the already damaged stem tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wr., in association with a mite Siteroptes graminurn (Reut.). In Oregon, Hardison andKrantz (1956, 1957) and outlined the theory of Leach (1940) that silver top was a disease caused by the fungus F. poae, with mites as disseminators of the disease. Hardison, Krantz, and Dickason (1958) and Hardison (1959) found that grasses with silver top werc infested beneath leaf sheaths with the fun-ps I;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Oregon, Hardison andKrantz (1956, 1957) and outlined the theory of Leach (1940) that silver top was a disease caused by the fungus F. poae, with mites as disseminators of the disease. Hardison, Krantz, and Dickason (1958) and Hardison (1959) found that grasses with silver top werc infested beneath leaf sheaths with the fun-ps I;. poae, the mite S. grominlrrm, and two species of thrips, Aptinothrips stylifer Tybrorn and A. rzifils (Gmelin).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They obtained satisfactory control of silver top by treating seed crops with the insecticides DDT, heptachlor, aldrin, or a mixture of DDT and parathion but found miticides ineffective. However, Hardison (1959) obtained evidence against the fungus and mite as causal agents, these organisms being found to be secondary invaders of the already damaged stem tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Causal Agents of Silver Top and Other Types of Damage to Grass Seed Crops

Arnott¹,

Bergis²

1967

Can Entomol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Can. Ent. 99: 660-670 (1967) Studies during 1962-64 showed that the mites Siteroptes graminurn (Reut.) and Aceria tulipae Keifer, thrips, and the 'fungus, Fusarium poae (Pk.) Wr., were not causal agents of silver top in the Peace River region, and indicated leafhoppers were probably not involved. The fact that silver top is controlled with insecticides, but not with miticides, constituted strong evidence for insects as causal agents. In 1963, extensive examination of grasses with silver top revealed minute, inconspicuous puncmres, 0.01 to 0.04 mm in diameter through leaf sheaths which were typical of those made by insects with piercing and sucking mouthparts sncli as plant bugs. In 1964, attempts to produce silver top by infesting grass plants with planr hugs, leafhoppers, and spittlebugs were unsuccessful for reasons inexplaitmhle. Yon-appearance of silver top in either infested or uninfested plants, ho\vct.er. indicated the causal agent was not present in the plants or attached soil when collected from fields in mid-Clay. Further studies in 1965 showed that grasses affected by silver top were infested with the plant bugs Stenodema trispinosunz Reut., S. vicinzm (Prov.), Litomiris debilis Uhl., Capus simlans Stal., and Trigonotylus ruficom's (Geof.) . Experimental infestation of plants with these bugs showed that they fed on stems by puncturing through leaf sheaths and so damaging stem tissue as to cause silver top. In 1966, examination of grasses with silver top from southern Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Oregon revealed punctures in leaf shearhs opposite areas of stem injury, indicating chat plant bugs probably cause silver top in these regions.

show abstract

Dimethoate insecticide application seldom reduces silvertop incidence in grass seed fields on the Canadian prairies

Soroka¹,

Gossen²

2022

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many arthropods have been reported (but none confirmed) as causal agents of sterile seed heads in perennial grass seed fields, known as silvertop or white head. Field studies to identify the arthropods that cause silvertop were conducted in five perennial grass species at seven sites in Saskatchewan, Canada over several years. The effect timing of insecticide application in spring – early, mid or late – and of post-harvest residue management – mowing, close mowing with straw removed (scalping), and burning – on subsequent arthropod populations, silvertop incidence and seed yield were assessed. Samples of grass tillers and sweep net collections were taken regularly, and the arthropods collected were identified to family level and counted. Arthropod populations from sweep samples varied among sites and dates in number and taxon composition, but no arthropod assemblage was consistently associated with silvertop in any grass species. Thrips were the most numerous arthropods on tillers at all sites. Insecticide application often temporarily reduced arthropod populations, but reduced silvertop incidence at only 1 of 15 site-years, and increased seed yield at only 1 of 17 site-years. Scalping or burning did not reduce silvertop incidence but often increased healthy seed head numbers and seed yield relative to mowing, the standard treatment. The majority of Kentucky bluegrass fields had extremely low seed yields unrelated to silvertop or arthropod levels. This extensive study, across a range of grass species and management regimes, provides strong support for the conclusion based on previous work that arthropod pests are not the sole cause of silvertop.

show abstract

Evidence Against Fusarium Poae and Siteroptes Graminum as Causal Agents of Silver Top of Grasses

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Early colonization of the ears of wheat and barley byFusarium poae

Early colonization of the ears of wheat and barley byFusarium poae

Causal Agents of Silver Top and Other Types of Damage to Grass Seed Crops

Dimethoate insecticide application seldom reduces silvertop incidence in grass seed fields on the Canadian prairies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About