Evidence for a closing gender gap in alcohol use, abuse, and dependence in the United States population

Keyes, Katherine M.; Grant, Bridget F.; Hasin, Deborah S.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.017

Cited by 453 publications

(370 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Gender convergence in alcohol use is leading to a narrowing of differences in mental disorders, such as major depression and substance disorders. 8,20 Older people, on the other hand, had the greatest gender difference in our study, corroborating literature findings. 34,35 As discussed above, social rules and roles have changed in recent years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…1,21 Second, the expressive female entry into the workforce, increasing female opportunities regarding birth control and other indicators of gender role equality may be important factors contributing to a narrowing of gender differences. 4,8,21,22 In our study, men were likely to drink larger quantities of alcoholic beverages and more frequently than women. We have also found that men had higher prevalence rates of frequent binge drinking, namely heavy drinking, which is in agreement with the evidence from other studies conducted in Brazil 13,23 and other countries in Latin America, such as Mexico and Costa Rica.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…6 In addition to physiological issues, changes in social roles and the expressive female penetration into the work force in the last decades have also contributed to changes in their behaviors, including increased drinking opportunities. 7 In a large national survey in the United States, Keyes et al 8 found evidence for a closing of the gender gap in alcohol use, abuse, and dependence, especially in most recent cohorts. Younger women have an increased risk of alcohol-related problems, 9 which may be mostly attributable to earlier onset ages for drinking during recent decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in drinking patterns between men and women in Brazil

Wolle

Sanches²,

Zilberman

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To examine sex differences in alcohol consumption according to age groups, and to assess gender and age effects on several aspects of alcohol consumption patterns. Method: Based on a Brazilian nationwide representative sample (n = 3,007), we analysed the differences in drinking patterns between genders. We also assessed the effects of gender, age, and gender by age interaction for alcohol consumption dimensions (frequent drinking, usual intake, binge drinking, and frequent binge drinking), using logistic and negative binomial regression models. Results: Gender, age, and gender by age interaction had significant effects on the predictive models for all studied drinking patterns, except for the 'usual' dosage. The effect of gender on drinking patterns varies with age. While gender has a greater effect in older age groups, the difference between men and women decreased in the younger age groups. Conclusions: Gender convergence regarding alcohol use is a trend that might be influenced by environmental factors and should be addressed in prevention and treatment programs, as well as in public health policies. ©2011 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved. Differences in drinking patterns between men and women in Brazil Diferenças nos padrões de consumo de álcool entre homens e mulheres no BrasilResumo Objetivo: Avaliar as diferenças nos padrões de consumo de álcool entre os gêneros de acordo com as faixas etárias e avaliar os efeitos do gênero e da idade em diversos aspectos do padrão de consumo de bebidas alcoólicas. Método: Com base em amostra representativa da população brasileira (n = 3.007), nós avaliamos as diferenças nos padrões de consumo de álcool entre os gêneros. Nós também avaliamos os efeitos do gênero, da idade e da interação entre gênero e idade nas dimensões do consumo de álcool (consumo frequente, dose usual, consumo em binge e consumo frequente em binge), com uso de modelos de regressão logística e regressão binomial negativa. Resultados: O gênero, a idade e a interação entre gênero e idade tiveram efeitos significantes nos modelos preditivos para todos os padrões de consumo estudados, com exceção da dose usual. O efeito do gênero ao longo das faixas etárias varia com a idade. Enquanto o gênero teve um efeito maior nas faixas etárias mais velhas, a diferença entre homens e mulheres diminuiu nas faixas etárias mais novas. Conclusões: A convergência entre os gêneros no que se refere ao uso de álcool é uma tendência que pode ser influenciada por fatores ambientais e deveria ser focada nos programas de prevenção e tratamento assim como nas políticas públicas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in drinking patterns between men and women in Brazil

Wolle

Sanches²,

Zilberman

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…There is some evidence that the sex gap in drinking prevalence is getting smaller (Center for Disease Control, 2013; Keyes et al, 2008) and that the heritability of alcoholism does not differ by sex (Prescott & Kendler, 2000). Moreover, a recent study found that childhood maltreatment and other life stressors were predictive of later stress-related drinking among women (Young-Wolff, Kendler, & Prescott, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, this study tests whether gender moderates stress reactivity at the level of both mood reactivity (i.e., positive mood, negative mood, and anxiety) and stress-induced craving for alcohol. This may be especially important given recent evidence that the sex gap in alcohol use may be closing ("Vital signs: Binge," 2013; Keyes, Grant, & Hasin, 2008). Based on the aforementioned studies, it is hypothesized that men will report greater stress-induced alcohol craving than women, and that women will show greater negative emotional response to stress induction than men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex moderates stress reactivity in heavy drinkers

Hartwell

Ray

2013

Addictive Behaviors

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• Study examined stress effects on craving and mood among heavy drinkers.• Females showed greater stress-induced craving and negative mood than males.• The relationship between mood and craving was stronger among females. Psychological stress and alcohol use disorders have a well-known connection. Individual differences in stress reactivity have been an area of interest in alcohol research, particularly given the relationship between craving and stress reactivity to later relapse. The present study examines the role of sex on stress-induced alcohol craving and emotional reactivity using a guided imagery stress paradigm. Participants were 64 non-treatment seeking heavy drinkers from the community who completed a two-session protocol that included two guided imagery exposures, Stress and Neutral. Participants reported their mood and craving before and after each exposure using the Differential Emotions Scale and the Alcohol Urge Questionnaire respectively. Analyses revealed a significant Stress × Sex × Trial effect on craving [F (1,61) = 5.35; p b .05] after controlling for AUDIT scores [F (1,61) = 8.16; p b .01] such that females reported greater increases in craving from baseline to post-imagery during the stress imagery versus the neutral imagery condition, than did males. Mood reactivity analysis showed similar patterns. Specifically, there was a significant Stress × Sex × Trial effect on the anxiety subscale of the DES [F (1,61) = 15.81; p b .001] such that females reported greater increases in anxiety from baseline to post-imagery during the stress imagery versus the neutral conditions, than did males. These results suggest that female heavy drinkers were more sensitive to the effects of the stress-induction on alcohol craving and mood reactivity than males. If supported by future studies, these initial findings may help advance understanding of the mechanisms of stress and mood regulation as central to alcoholism liability and recovery in females. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o

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Cross-National Associations Between Gender and Mental Disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

Seedat¹,

Scott

Angermeyer³

et al. 2009

Arch Gen Psychiatry

1,196

638

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Context Gender differences in mental disorders, including more anxiety-mood disorders among women and more externalizing disorders among men, are found consistently in epidemiological surveys. The “gender roles” hypothesis suggests that these differences should narrow as the roles of women and men become more equal. Objective To study time-space (i.e., cohort-country) variation in gender differences in lifetime DSM-IV mental disorders across cohorts in 15 countries in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative and determine if this variation is significantly related to time-space variation in female gender role traditionality (GRT) as measured by aggregate patterns of female education, employment, marital timing, and use of birth control. Design/Setting and Participants Face-to face household surveys of 72,933 community-dwelling adults in Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and the Pacific. Main Outcomes The WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) assessed lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset of 18 DSM-IV anxiety, mood, externalizing, and substance disorders. Survival analyses estimated time-space variation in Female:Male (F:M) odds-ratios (ORs) of these disorders across cohorts defined by age ranges 18–34, 35–49, 50–64, and 65+. Structural equation analysis examined predictive effects of variation in GRT on these ORs. Results Women had more anxiety-mood disorders than men and men more externalizing-substance disorders than women in all cohorts and countries. Although gender differences were generally consistent across cohorts, significant narrowing was found in recent cohorts for major depressive disorder (MDD) and substance disorders. This narrowing was significantly related to temporal (MDD) and spatial (substance disorders) variation in GRT. Conclusion While gender differences in most lifetime mental disorders were fairly stable over the time-space units studied, substantial inter-cohort narrowing of differences in major depression was found related to changes in the traditionality of female gender roles. Further research is needed to understand why this temporal narrowing was confined to major depression.

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Evidence for a closing gender gap in alcohol use, abuse, and dependence in the United States population

Cited by 453 publications

References 59 publications

Differences in drinking patterns between men and women in Brazil

Differences in drinking patterns between men and women in Brazil

Sex moderates stress reactivity in heavy drinkers

Cross-National Associations Between Gender and Mental Disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

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