Evidence for a More Disrupted Immune-Endocrine Relation and Cortisol Immunologic Influences in the Context of Tuberculosis and Type 2 Diabetes Comorbidity

Fernández, R; Díaz, Ariana; Bongiovanni, Bettina; Gallucci, Georgina; Bértola, Diego; Gardeñez, Walter; Lioi, Susana; Bertolin, Yésica; Galliano, Romina; Bay, María Luisa; D’Attilio, Luciano

doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00126

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…The se h ormo nes may pro m ote immunosuppression during treatment, reducing the function of immune cells to work synergistically with antibiotics to clear mycobacteria from the lung. Santucci et al (2011) and Fernandez et al (2020) found lower leptin levels and higher cortisol levels in TB patients compared to controls, coinciding with higher inflammatory biomarkers, such as CRP, IL-6, and IL-1b (16,31). Furthermore, Santucci et al (2011) found leptin and cortisol changes to be more extreme in severe TB disease than in mild disease.…”

Section: Type 2 Diabetes Impacts Lung Immune-endocrine Interactions: ...mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Santucci et al (2011) and Fernandez et al (2020) found lower leptin levels and higher cortisol levels in TB patients compared to controls, coinciding with higher inflammatory biomarkers, such as CRP, IL-6, and IL-1β ( 16 , 31 ). Furthermore, Santucci et al (2011) found leptin and cortisol changes to be more extreme in severe TB disease than in mild disease.…”

Section: Type 2 Diabetes Impacts Lung Immune-endocrine Interactions: ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, more severe presentations of TB are seen in T2D patients ( 190 ). Comorbid T2D alters TB and latent TB infection adipokine levels, with the pro-inflammatory adipokine leptin levels increased, while anti-inflammatory adiponectin levels decreased compared to those of TB patients without T2D ( 23 ), Kumar et al (2016) found this change to be independent of BMI ( 23 , 31 ). However, others have found opposite results, for example, Zheng et al (2013) found higher leptin levels in TB patients and lower levels in TB-T2D patients.…”

Section: Type 2 Diabetes Impacts Lung Immune-endocrine Interactions: ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interplay Between the Immune and Endocrine Systems in the Lung: Implications for TB Susceptibility

et al. 2022

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The role of the endocrine system on the immune response, especially in the lung, remains poorly understood. Hormones play a crucial role in the development, homeostasis, metabolism, and response to the environment of cells and tissues. Major infectious and metabolic diseases, such as tuberculosis and diabetes, continue to converge, necessitating the development of a clearer understanding of the immune and endocrine interactions that occur in the lung. Research in bacterial respiratory infections is at a critical point, where the limitations in identifying and developing antibiotics is becoming more profound. Hormone receptors on alveolar and immune cells may provide a plethora of targets for host-directed therapy. This review discusses the interactions between the immune and endocrine systems in the lung. We describe hormone receptors currently identified in the lungs, focusing on the effect hormones have on the pulmonary immune response. Altered endocrine responses in the lung affect the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses and play a role in the response to infection in the lung. While some hormones, such as leptin, resistin and lipocalin-2 promote pro-inflammatory responses and immune cell infiltration, others including adiponectin and ghrelin reduce inflammation and promote anti-inflammatory cell responses. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes as a major endocrine disease presents with altered immune responses leading to susceptibility to lung infections, such as tuberculosis. A better understanding of these interactions will expand our knowledge of the mechanisms at play in susceptibility to infectious diseases and may reveal opportunities for the development of host-directed therapies.

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Section: Type 2 Diabetes Impacts Lung Immune-endocrine Interactions: ...mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Type 2 Diabetes Impacts Lung Immune-endocrine Interactions: ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Type 2 Diabetes Impacts Lung Immune-endocrine Interactions: ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interplay Between the Immune and Endocrine Systems in the Lung: Implications for TB Susceptibility

et al. 2022

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“…DHEAS levels were lower in hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfected HIV patients (Mauboussin et al 2004). Multiple studies have observed decreased DHEA and DHEAS in patients with tuberculosis (Santucci et al 2011;Fernandez et al 2020) and schistosoma infection intensity was lower in patients with high concentrations of DHEAS (Kurtis et al 2006).…”

Section: Infection and Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Does dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate have a role in COVID-19 prognosis and treatment?

Tomo

Banerjee

Sharma

et al. 2021

Endocrine Regulations

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The pathophysiology of COVID comprises an exaggerated pro-inflammatory response. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has a crucial role in various inflammatory conditions and modulated immunological response. Limited evidence is available regarding the incidence and the effect of HPA dysfunction in COVID-19. Although the cortisol levels have only been estimated in a few studies, the dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) release from the adrenal gland has not been explored yet. In this mini review, the authors discuss the role of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEAS in the acute stress response and immunological modulation. Various effects of DHEAS have been demonstrated in different diseases. The specific inhibitory effect of DHEA on interleukin 6 (IL-6) could be of paramount importance in COVID-19. Further, DHEA supplementation has already been proposed in inflammatory conditions, like rheumatoid arthritis. DHEAS levels in COVID-19 may help to understand the HPA axis dysfunction as well as the possibility of repurposing DHEA as a drug for mitigating the pro-inflammatory COVID-19.

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“…Type 2 diabetes is one of the risk factors for dementia, which has a signi cant impairment on brain cognition since its early stage. 1,2 In recent years, the incidence of diabetes has increased year by year 3 , and many studies have shown that diabetes is an independent high risk factor for cognitive impairment. 4 The probability of cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes is signi cantly higher than that in ordinary people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Alleviates Cognitive Functions in Diabetic Rats through HMGB1/RAGE/NF-kB Pathway

Wang

2021

Preprint

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Objective: To observe the effect of exercise training on cognitive functions of diabetic rat model. Methods: Male SD rats were given a high fat and high sugar diet, except for control group. After 4 weeks, 35 mg /kg STZ was intraperitoneally injected to establish type 2 diabetes model rats. After successful modeling, rats were randomly divided into the model group, model + exercise group. Animals performed 5 days of consecutive treadmill exercise (60 min/day) with 22 m/min speeds for 60 days. After 60 days, behavioral tests were conducted by Morris water maze method. then rats were weighed and blood samples were obtained to detect blood glucose. Some animals were sacrificed to prepare serum to detect glycosylated hemoglobin. Brain tissues were taken to detect the protein expressions of HMGB1-/RAGE-/NF-κB signal pathway by Western Blot. The brains of other animals were perfused and taken for RAGE and NF-κB immunohistochemical staining.Results: Compared with control group, escape latency and probe distance in the model group were significantly prolonged, swimming time in the target quadrant was significantly shortened, and the number of crossing platform was significantly reduced. The average grayvalues of NF-κB and RAGE were significantly decreased. Expressions of HMGB1,RAGE,p-NF-кBp65 and p-IкBα were significantly up-regulated(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the model group, escape latency and probe distance were significantly shortened, swimming time in the target quadrant was prolonged and increased the number of crossing platform, it also reduced the fasting blood glucose, increased body weights, reduced the level of glycated hemoglobin, and significantly increased the mean grayvalues of NF-κB and RAGE. The protein expressions of HMGB1, RAGE, p-NF-кBp65 and p-IкBα were decreased in model + exercise group.Conclusion: Exercise training can ameliorate the cognitive dysfunction of diabetic rats, its mechanism may be related to reducing blood glucose, reducing the level of glycated hemoglobin and improving the HMGB1 /RAGE/NF-κB pathway in the brain tissue.

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Evidence for a More Disrupted Immune-Endocrine Relation and Cortisol Immunologic Influences in the Context of Tuberculosis and Type 2 Diabetes Comorbidity

Cited by 12 publications

References 101 publications

Interplay Between the Immune and Endocrine Systems in the Lung: Implications for TB Susceptibility

Interplay Between the Immune and Endocrine Systems in the Lung: Implications for TB Susceptibility

Does dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate have a role in COVID-19 prognosis and treatment?

Exercise Training Alleviates Cognitive Functions in Diabetic Rats through HMGB1/RAGE/NF-kB Pathway

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