Evidence for an orogen-parallel, normal-sense shear zone around the Chester dome, Vermont: A possible template for gneiss dome formation in the New England Appalachians, USA

Karabinos, Paul; Mygatt, Elizabeth S.; Cook, Sean; Student, Matthew

doi:10.1130/2010.1206(09)

Cited by 6 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Similar N‐S trending gently plunging lineations have been documented farther north in the GDB, including in the Goshen dome of western Massachusetts (Price & Lahart, 2016) and the Chester dome of Vermont (Karabinos et al, 2010). This lineation overprints earlier fabrics (Karabinos et al, 2010) and has been interpreted to be associated with transpression‐related ductile flow (Massey et al, 2017; Massey & Moecher, 2013). Karabinos et al (2010) recognized an associated ductile, normal‐sense shear zone separating dome core and cover rocks in the Chester dome.…”

Section: Geologic Backgroundsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Simplified tectonic map of the New England Appalachians modified from Hibbard et al (2006), Karabinos et al (2010, 2017), and Macdonald et al (2014). The map emphasizes the two north–south trending gneiss dome belts.…”

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gneiss domes in New England are exposed in two sub‐parallel, north–south trending belts separated by the Mesozoic Hartford Basin (Figure 1). The Gneiss Dome belt (GDB) of Rodgers (1985) lies west of the Hartford Basin and the Bronson Hill belt lies to the east (Billings, 1956; Chocyk‐Jaminski & Dietsch, 2002; Hillenbrand et al, 2019; Karabinos et al, 2010; Rodgers, 1985; Thompson et al, 1968). The GDB in Connecticut includes, from south to north, the Waterbury, Bristol, Collinsville, Granby, and Granville domes (Figure 2).…”

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Classic models, particularly for the Bronson Hill belt east of the Hartford Basin, invoke a tripartite structural evolution involving thrust nappes, backfolding, and diapiric doming (Jacobi & Mitchell, 2018; Robinson et al, 1991, 1998; Robinson & Hall, 1980; Stanley & Ratcliffe, 1985; Thompson et al, 1968; Valley et al, 2020). However, alternative models have been proposed that invoke fold interference (Dietsch, 1989; Dietsch et al, 2010; Hall, 1980; Hatch & Stanley, 1988; Stanley & Hatch, 1988) or ductile thinning and orogen parallel flow (Karabinos et al, 2010; Massey et al, 2017; Massey & Moecher, 2013). Testing these models is critical for understanding the tectonic and structural evolution of the Appalachian Mountains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Petrochronologic constraints on inverted metamorphism, terrane accretion, thrust stacking, and ductile flow in the Gneiss Dome belt, northern Appalachian orogen

Hillenbrand,

Williams,

Peterman

et al. 2023

Journal Metamorphic Geology

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Gneiss domes are an integral element of many orogenic belts and commonly provide tectonic windows into deep crustal levels. Gneiss domes in the New England segment of the Appalachian orogen have been classically associated with diapirism and fold interference, but alternative models involving ductile flow have been proposed. We evaluate these models in the Gneiss Dome belt of western New England with U‐Th‐Pb monazite, xenotime, zircon, and titanite petrochronology and major and trace element thermobarometry. These data constrain distinct pressure–temperature–time (P‐T‐t) paths for each unit in the gneiss dome belt tectono‐stratigraphy. The structurally lowest units, Laurentia‐derived migmatitic gneisses of the Waterbury dome, document two stages of metamorphism (455–435 and 400–370 Ma) with peak Acadian metamorphic conditions of ~1.0–1.2 GPa at 750–780°C at 391 ± 7 to 386 ± 4 Ma. The next structurally higher unit, the Gondwana‐derived Taine Mountain Formation, records Taconic (peak conditions: 0.6 GPa, 600°C at 441 ± 4 Ma) and Acadian (peak: 0.8–1.0 GPa, 650°C at 377 ± 4 Ma) metamorphism. The overlying Collinsville Formation yielded a 473 ± 5 Ma crystallization age and evidence for metamorphic conditions of 650°C at 436 ± 4 Ma and 1.2–1.0 GPa, 750–775°C at 397 ± 4 to 385 ± 6 Ma. The structurally higher Sweetheart Mountain Member of the Collinsville Formation yielded only Acadian zircon, monazite, and xenotime dates and evidence for high‐pressure granulite facies metamorphism (1.8 GPa, 815°C) at circa 380–375 Ma. Cover rocks of the dome‐mantling The Straits Schist records peak conditions of ~1 GPa, 700°C at 386 ± 6 to 380 ± 4 Ma. Garnet breakdown to monazite and/or xenotime occurred in all units at circa 375–360 and 345–330 Ma. Peak Acadian metamorphic pressures increase systematically from the structurally lowest to highest units (from 1.0 to 1.8 GPa). This inverted metamorphic sequence is incompatible with the diapiric and fold interference models, which predict the highest pressures at the structurally lowest levels. Based upon P‐T‐t and structural data, we prefer a model involving, first, circa 380 Ma thrust stacking followed by syn‐collisional orogen parallel extension, ductile flow, and rise of the domes between 380 and 365 Ma. Garnet breakdown at circa 345–330 Ma is interpreted to reflect further exhumation during collapse of the Acadian orogenic plateau. These results highlight the power of integrating petrologic constraints with paired geochemical and geochronologic data from multiple chronometers to test structural and tectonic models and show that syn‐convergent orogen parallel ductile flow dramatically modified earlier accretion‐related structures in New England. Further, the Gneiss Dome belt documents gneiss dome development in a syn‐collisional, thick crust setting, providing an ancient example of middle to lower crustal processes that may be occurring today in the modern Himalaya and Pamir Range.

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Section: Geologic Backgroundsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Petrochronologic constraints on inverted metamorphism, terrane accretion, thrust stacking, and ductile flow in the Gneiss Dome belt, northern Appalachian orogen

Hillenbrand,

Williams,

Peterman

et al. 2023

Journal Metamorphic Geology

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“…The Connecticut Valley trough lies unconformably or in local fault contact (McWilliams et al, 2010;Karabinos et al, 2010;Ratcliffe et al, 2011) atop remnants of the early Paleozoic volcanic arc rocks called the Shelburne Falls arc to the west (Karabinos et al, 1998;Karabinos and Hepburn, 2001) and the Bronson Hill arc to the east (Stanley and Ratcliffe, 1985;Ratcliffe et al, 1998;Tucker and Robinson, 1990;Leo, 1985Leo, , 1991Dorais et al, 2008Dorais et al, , 2012. The Connecticut Valley trough is composed of the Silurian to Devonian Shaw Mountain, Northfield, Waits River, and Gile Mountain Formations in an unconformable autochthonous cover sequence on the pre-Silurian rocks and Mesoproterozoic Laurentian basement rocks of the Mount Holly Complex in Vermont (Fig.…”

Section: ■ Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochronology of the Oliverian Plutonic Suite and the Ammonoosuc Volcanics in the Bronson Hill arc: Western New Hampshire, USA

et al. 2019

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U-Pb zircon geochronology by sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe–reverse geometry (SHRIMP-RG) on 11 plutonic rocks and two volcanic rocks from the Bronson Hill arc in western New Hampshire yielded Early to Late Ordovician ages ranging from 475 to 445 Ma. Ages from Oliverian Plutonic Suite rocks that intrude a largely mafic lower section of the Ammonoosuc Volcanics ranged from 474.8 ± 5.2 to 460.2 ± 3.4 Ma. Metamorphosed felsic volcanic rocks from within the Ammonoosuc Volcanics yielded ages of 460.1 ± 2.4 and 455.0 ± 11 Ma. Younger Oliverian Plutonic Suite rocks that either intrude both the upper and lower Ammonoosuc Volcanics or Partridge Formation ranged in age from 456.1 ± 6.7 Ma to 445.2 ± 6.7 Ma. These new data and previously published results document extended magmatism for >30 m.y. The ages, along with the lack of mappable structural discontinuities between the plutons and their volcanic cover, suggest that the Bronson Hill arc was part of a relatively long-lived composite arc. The Early to Late Ordovician ages presented here overlap with previously determined igneous U-Pb zircon ages in the Shelburne Falls arc to the west, suggesting that the Bronson Hill arc and the Shelburne Falls arc could be part of one, long-lived composite arc system, in agreement with the interpretation that the Iapetus suture (Red Indian Line) lies to the west of the Shelburne Falls–Bronson Hill arc system.

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Ultraphyllonite origin for slate, mid-Atlantic Piedmont, USA

Valentino

Chiarenzelli

2014

Proceedings of the Geologists' Association

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Evidence for an orogen-parallel, normal-sense shear zone around the Chester dome, Vermont: A possible template for gneiss dome formation in the New England Appalachians, USA

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Petrochronologic constraints on inverted metamorphism, terrane accretion, thrust stacking, and ductile flow in the Gneiss Dome belt, northern Appalachian orogen

Petrochronologic constraints on inverted metamorphism, terrane accretion, thrust stacking, and ductile flow in the Gneiss Dome belt, northern Appalachian orogen

Geochronology of the Oliverian Plutonic Suite and the Ammonoosuc Volcanics in the Bronson Hill arc: Western New Hampshire, USA

Ultraphyllonite origin for slate, mid-Atlantic Piedmont, USA

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