Evidence for colocalization of GABA and glycine in afferents to retrogradely labelled rat abducens motoneurones

Lahjouji, Fatiha; Barbe, Annick; Chazal, Geneviève; Bras, Hélène

doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(96)12465-4

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In other motor systems, glycine and GABA can be colocalized in the terminals of premotor inhibitory interneurons (e.g. rat, Lahjouji et al ., 1996; cat, Ornung et al ., 1994, 1996; Taal & Holstege, 1994) where they could be coreleased (Chery & De Koninck, 1999). However, there is some evidence against corelease of these two inhibitory transmitters in Xenopus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha‐adrenoreceptor activation modulates swimming via glycinergic and GABAergic inhibitory pathways in Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Merrywest

Fischer

Sillar

2002

Eur J of Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study focuses upon the network pathways underlying the adrenoreceptor-mediated modulation of fictive swimming in the immobilized Xenopus laevis tadpole. As shown recently, noradrenaline (NA) increases cycle periods while simultaneously reducing the rostrocaudal delay in head-to-tail firing and the duration of swimming episodes. Furthermore, both swimming frequency and duration are reduced by selective pharmacological activation of alpha1- and/or alpha2-adrenoreceptors, while alpha1-receptor activation also reduces rostrocaudal delays. We show that NA could still modulate aspects of swimming after blocking either glycine or GABA(A) receptors with strychnine and bicuculline, respectively. Furthermore, after prior application of NA, strychnine could counteract noradrenergic effects on cycle periods and rostrocaudal delays, while bicuculline could counteract effects on cycle periods, suggesting that these two fast inhibitory pathways are both involved in the NA modulation of swimming. In addition, blocking glycine receptors reduced the effects of alpha1-receptors on cycle periods and delays, while blocking GABA(A) receptors had no effect. Blocking either glycine or GABA(A) receptors, however, lessened the reduction in swimming frequency by alpha2-receptors. In addition, pre-application of bicuculline prevented a reduction in episode durations by NA, alpha1- and alpha2-receptors. Our findings suggest that the noradrenergic modulation of Xenopus swimming is mediated via alpha-adrenoreceptors interacting with both glycinergic and GABAergic inhibitory pathways. Both alpha1- and alpha2-receptor activation influences the GABAergic pathway controlling the duration of swimming episodes and is involved in the glycinergic modulation of the swimming rhythm and its longitudinal co-ordination, with alpha2-receptors additionally affecting swimming frequency through GABAergic pathways.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha‐adrenoreceptor activation modulates swimming via glycinergic and GABAergic inhibitory pathways in Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Merrywest

Fischer

Sillar

2002

Eur J of Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The areas of the lower brainstem containing GAD-like immunoreactive TMR-DAlabeled neurons (GAD/TMR-DA neurons) greatly overlapped the areas containing glycine-like immunoreactive TMR-DA-labeled neurons (Gly/TMR-DA neurons). Thus, both GAD-like and glycine-like immunoreactivities may coexist in some inhibitory premotor neurons projecting to the facial or hypoglossal nucleus (see Todd and Sullivan, 1990;Maxwell et al, 1995;Davanger, 1996;Lahjouji et al, 1996;Moore et al, 1996;Popratiloff et al, 1996; 1996). At least some of the GAD/TMR-DA and Gly/ TMR-DA neurons observed in the present study were GABAergic and glycinergic inhibitory premotor neurons participating in synaptic actions on facial and hypoglossal motoneurons, although local interneurons within and around the facial and hypoglossal nuclei might also be the postsynaptic targets for some of the GAD/TMR-DA and Gly/TMR-DA neurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of GABAergic and glycinergic premotor neurons projecting to the facial and hypoglossal nuclei in the rat

1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The distribution of inhibitory premotor neurons for the facial and hypoglossal nuclei was examined in the lower brainstem of the rat. A retrograde axonal tracing method with the fluorescent tracer, tetramethylrhodamine dextran amine (TMR-DA), was combined with immunofluorescence histochemistry for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), i.e., the enzyme involved in gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis, or glycine. In the rats injected with TMR-DA unilaterally into the facial or hypoglossal nucleus, the distribution of TMR-DA-labeled neurons showing GAD-like immunoreactivity (GAD/TMR-DA neurons) was essentially the same as that of TMR-DA-labeled neurons displaying glycine-like immunoreactivity (Gly/TMR-DA neurons). The distributions of GAD/TMR-DA and Gly/TMR-DA neurons in the rats injected with TMR-DA into the facial nucleus were also similar to those in the rats injected with TMR-DA into the hypoglossal nucleus. These neurons were seen most frequently in the lateral aspect of the pontine reticular formation, the supratrigeminal region, the dorsal aspect of the lateral reticular formation of the medulla oblongata, and the reticular regions around the raphe magnus nucleus and the gigantocellular reticular nucleus pars alpha, bilaterally with a slight dominance on the side ipsilateral to the injection site. A number of GAD/TMR-DA and Gly/TMR-DA neurons were also seen in the oral and interpolar subnuclei of the spinal trigeminal nucleus, bilaterally with a slight ipsilateral dominance. In the rats injected with TMR-DA into the facial nucleus, GAD/TMR-DA and Gly/TMR-DA neurons were also encountered in the paralemniscal zone of the midbrain tegmentum bilaterally with an apparent dominance on the side contralateral to the injection site. A large part of these inhibitory premotor neurons for the facial and hypoglossal nuclei and the excitatory ones may constitute premotor neuron pools common to the orofacial motor nuclei implicated in the control of integrated orofacial movements.

show abstract

“…Colocalization of GABA and glycine of the type seen in the AVCN has been observed in a number of other regions in the central nervous system (see e.g. Ottersen et al, 1988;Helfert et al, 1989;Osen et al, 1990Osen et al, , 1991Todd & Sullivan, 1990;Helfert et al, 1992;Altschuler et al, 1993;Cheng & Hillman, 1993;Shupliakov et al, 1993;Wentzel et al, 1993;Ornung et al, 1994;Taal & Holstege, 1994;Maxwell et al, 1995;Lahjouji et al, 1996;Moore et al, 1996). The functional signi®cance of this colocalization remains to be determined but it may be relevant that the time course of the effects of the two neurotransmitters on their respective ionotropic receptors is known to be different (see Jones & Westbrook, 1996).…”

Section: Functional Significance Of Colocalizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

An immunogold investigation of the distribution of GABA and glycine in nerve terminals on the somata of spherical bushy cells in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus of guinea pig

Mahendrasingam

Polwart

et al. 2004

Eur J of Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spherical bushy neurons in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus receive glutamatergic primary terminals from the cochlear nerve and terminals of noncochlear (i.e. nonprimary) origin, many of which colocalize gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine. Here the relationship between GABA and glycine in these terminals has been investigated using postembedding immunogold labelling. A significant negative correlation was found between the density of terminal labelling for GABA and for glycine in four guinea pigs. Terminals could be divided into three categories, GABA-only, glycine-only, or colocalizing depending on whether they had a significantly higher labelling density for either amino acid than the primary terminals. The overall labelling density in all four animals was significantly greater for GABA in GABA-only terminals than colocalizing ones but similar for glycine in both. Within the terminals, the labelling density over synaptic vesicles, nonvesicular regions of cytoplasm and mitochondria was also investigated. No significant difference was detected in the labelling density of vesicles compared with nonvesicular regions for either amino acid. However, a significant difference was found between the overall labelling density over mitochondria and nonvesicular regions for both. There was also significantly more mitochondrial GABA labelling in GABA-only terminals compared to colocalizing terminals but mitochondrial glycine labelling was similar in glycine-only and colocalizing terminals. Thus the level of GABA is higher in single than in colocalizing terminals, particularly in the mitochondria, but similar for glycine in both. It is possible therefore that the presence of glycine affects the level of GABA in the nonprimary terminals but that the presence of GABA does not affect the level of glycine.

show abstract

Evidence for colocalization of GABA and glycine in afferents to retrogradely labelled rat abducens motoneurones

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Alpha‐adrenoreceptor activation modulates swimming via glycinergic and GABAergic inhibitory pathways in Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Alpha‐adrenoreceptor activation modulates swimming via glycinergic and GABAergic inhibitory pathways in Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Distribution of GABAergic and glycinergic premotor neurons projecting to the facial and hypoglossal nuclei in the rat

An immunogold investigation of the distribution of GABA and glycine in nerve terminals on the somata of spherical bushy cells in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus of guinea pig

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About