Evidence for competition between carnivorous plants and spiders

Jennings, David E.; Krupa, James J.; Raffel, Thomas R.; Rohr, Jason R.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.0465

Cited by 35 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…We can therefore only speculate on the reasons for differences between populations. These may, for example, be due to differences between sites in: prey availability (Zamora 1995); competition with spiders for prey (Jennings et al 2010); or kleptoparasitism (Thum 1989). Future work should focus on determining which, if any of these, is the reason for these differences in prey-N uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen deposition and prey nitrogen uptake control the nutrition of the carnivorous plant Drosera rotundifolia

Millett

Foot

Svensson

2015

Science of The Total Environment

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2 AbstractNitrogen (N) deposition has important negative impacts on natural and semi-natural ecosystems, impacting on biotic interactions across trophic levels. Low-nutrient systems are particularly sensitive to changes in N inputs and are therefore more vulnerable to N deposition. Carnivorous plants are often part of these ecosystems partly because of the additional nutrients obtained from prey. We studied the impact of N deposition on the nutrition of the carnivorous plant Drosera rotundifolia growing on 16 ombrotrophic bogs across Europe. We measured tissue N, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) concentrations and prey and root N uptake using a natural abundance stable isotope approach. Our aim was to test the impact of N deposition on D.rotundifolia prey and root N uptake, and nutrient stoichiometry. Drosera rotundifolia root N uptake was strongly affected by N deposition, possibly resulting in reduced N limitation. The contribution of prey N to the N contained in D. rotundifolia ranged from 20 to 60%. N deposition reduced the maximum amount of N derived from prey, but this varied below this maximum. Drosera rotundifolia tissue N concentrations were a product of both root N availability and prey N uptake. Increased prey N uptake was correlated with increased tissue P concentrations indicating uptake of P from prey. N deposition therefore reduced the strength of a carnivorous plant-prey interaction, resulting in a reduction in nutrient transfer between trophic levels. We suggest that N deposition has a negative impact on D. rotundifolia and that responses to N deposition might be strongly site specific.Key words: atmospheric nitrogen deposition; carnivorous plants; Drosera rotundifolia; plantinsect interactions; round-leaved sundew; stable isotopes 3 IntroductionAtmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is a globally important pollutant (Galloway et al. 2008;Bobbink et al. 2010), which has significant local and regional impacts on ecosystems (Bobbink et al. 2010). N deposition increases N availability which can have direct impacts on individual plants (Tomassen et al. 2003;van Heerwaarden et al. 2003) and can also impact species interactions across trophic levels (Tylianakis et al. 2008). Understanding these impacts is crucial because they can result in altered species abundance, plant community composition Carnivorous plants supplement nutrients obtained through root uptake by capturing, digesting and assimilating the nutrients in animal prey, usually arthropods (Juniper et al. 1989).The uptake of prey nutrients uncouples growth and reproduction from root nutrient availability and enables carnivorous plants to successfully compete with non-carnivorous plants ( Karlsson et al. 1996) when N availability is low. The value of the captured prey is dependent on root nutrient availability; responses to prey addition are normally reduced or absent in more nutrient replete plants (Ellison 2006). Carnivorous plants can also forage for prey, reducing investment in prey capture when the value of that prey is reduced Thorén et a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen deposition and prey nitrogen uptake control the nutrition of the carnivorous plant Drosera rotundifolia

Millett

Foot

Svensson

2015

Science of The Total Environment

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“…In many European countries and China, D. burmannii are imported to pharmaceutical industries, where the dried plants are marketed as 'Herba Droserae' (Didry et al 1998). Apart from obtaining nutrients from animals, carnivorous plants sometimes show a complex interaction with them (Jennings et al 2010;Moon et al 2010). Carnivorous plants consume pests such as mosquitoes, midges, deer flies, horseflies and dipterans which transmit human diseases (Ellison and Gotelli 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro regeneration of Drosera burmannii Vahl.: a carnivorous plant of north-east India

Yanthan

Kehie²,

Kumaria

et al. 2017

3 Biotech

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An efficient in vitro regeneration protocol has been developed from shoot tips of Drosera burmannii Vahl., a carnivorous plant of north-east India. Various plant growth regulators were used to study their efficacy in the induction of multiple shoots and roots. Of the various treatments, the maximum number of shoots (28.8 ± 1.5) and roots (9.7 ± 0.6) was observed in one-fourth strength standard medium (MS with 50 mg/l citric acid and 10 mg/l ascorbic acid) supplemented with 4 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 4 mg/l a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) followed by 26.8 ± 1.4 shoots in one-fourth strength SM fortified with 4 mg/l kinetin (KN) and 4 mg/l NAA. The well-developed plantlets with shoots and roots were potted in small plastic glasses filled with a mixture of sand and farmyard manure (3:1); these plantlets when transferred to a glasshouse for hardening and acclimatization showed 90% survival.

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“…Plant carnivory, an adaptation that has fascinated biologists since Charles and Francis Darwin (Darwin 1875;Juniper et al 1989;Ellison and Gotelli 2001;Ellison et al 2003), is associated with insect-feeding guilds that span taxonomic kingdoms (Ellison and Gotelli 2009;Jennings et al 2010). Carnivorous plants generally occupy nutrientdeficient, acidic, poorly drained soil on disturbed sites (Darwin 1875;Slack 1979;Ellison et al 2003) and rely on insect capture to provide an adequate supply of nitrogen and other nutrients (Medina 1970(Medina , 1971Nátr 1975;Longstreth and Nobel 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…typically generalist predators (Wise 1993) on the small insects vulnerable to capture by carnivorous plants (Jennings et al 2010). Interactions among carnivorous plants, spiders, and insect prey are the focus of our study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Insect-Feeding Guild of Carnivorous Plants and Spiders: Does Optimal Foraging Lead to Competition or Facilitation?

Crowley

Hopper²,

Krupa³

2013

The American Naturalist

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Carnivorous plants and spiders, along with their prey, are main players in an insect-feeding guild found on acidic, poorly drained soils in disturbed habitat. Darwin's notion that these plants must actively attract the insects they capture raises the possibility that spiders could benefit from proximity to prey hotspots created by the plants. Alternatively, carnivorous plants and spiders may deplete prey locally or (through insect redistribution) more widely, reducing each other's gain rates from predation. Here, we formulate and analyze a model of this guild, parameterized for carnivorous sundews and lycosid spiders, under assumptions of random movement by insects and optimal foraging by predators. Optimal foraging here involves gain maximization via trap investment (optimal web sizes and sundew trichome densities) and an ideal free distribution of spiders between areas with and without sundews. We find no facilitation: spiders and sundews engage in intense exploitation competition. Insect attraction by plants modestly increases sundew gain rates but slightly decreases spider gain rates. In the absence of population size structure, optimal spider redistribution between areas with and without sundews yields web sizes that are identical for all spiders, regardless of proximity to sundews. Web-building spiders have higher gain rates than wandering spiders in this system at high insect densities, but wandering spiders have the advantage at low insect densities. Results are complex, indicating that predictions to be tested empirically must be based on careful quantitative assessment.

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Evidence for competition between carnivorous plants and spiders

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Nitrogen deposition and prey nitrogen uptake control the nutrition of the carnivorous plant Drosera rotundifolia

Nitrogen deposition and prey nitrogen uptake control the nutrition of the carnivorous plant Drosera rotundifolia

In vitro regeneration of Drosera burmannii Vahl.: a carnivorous plant of north-east India

An Insect-Feeding Guild of Carnivorous Plants and Spiders: Does Optimal Foraging Lead to Competition or Facilitation?

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