Evidence for convergent evolution among phylogenetically distant rare species of Tetratheca (Elaeocarpaceae, formerly Tremandraceae) from Western Australia

Butcher, Ryonen; Byrne, Margaret; Crayn, Darren M.

doi:10.1071/sb06017

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Moreover, climatic dynamism in the late Pliocene and Quaternary together with fire are likely to have resulted in local extirpation, fragmentation and isolation of populations thereby creating conditions suitable for genetic drift, isolation and speciation. As a consequence the flora in the region consists of both relictual and more recently evolved lineages (Hopper and Gioia 2004;Butcher et al 2007;Hopper 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plant communities of the ironstone ranges of South Western Australia: hotspots for plant diversity and mineral deposits

Gibson¹,

Yates²,

Dillon³

2010

Biodivers Conserv

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Plant communities of ancient banded iron formation ranges of South Western Australia occur as islands in a matrix of the largest remaining area of Mediterranean woodlands and shrub lands on the planet. These xeric shrub lands are structurally and compositionally different from the surrounding matrix and exhibit high levels of endemism and species turnover that cannot be ascribed to geology or current climatic gradients. The pattern of the vegetation and flora on these ranges appears to be related to local topographical factors and the long period of time these landscapes have remained unglaciated and above sea level. Similar patterns have recently been described for iron outcrop communities in Brazil. In both regions these communities are being significantly impacted by mining. The high correlation between local endemism and restricted plant communities and high grade mineral deposits presents difficult challenges for achieving a comprehensive, adequate and representative reserve system in South Western Australia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plant communities of the ironstone ranges of South Western Australia: hotspots for plant diversity and mineral deposits

Gibson¹,

Yates²,

Dillon³

2010

Biodivers Conserv

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“…However, while suitable habitat might be available on BIF inselbergs, different taxa can occupy the same niche space on individual BIF inselbergs, and this is exemplified by five rare and geographically restricted leafless shrub taxa in Tetratheca (Elaeocarpaceae) from the Yilgarn region. All five taxa grow in similar rocky and cliff environments on ironstone outcrops, but each taxon is restricted to a single BIF range, with one taxon replacing another across adjacent ranges, within a relatively small (<60 km) geographic extent (Bull, ; Butcher, ; Butcher et al ., ; Yates et al ., ).…”

Section: Do Phylogenetics Phylogeography and Ecology Support Stochasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This high beta diversity reflects high species turnover of perennial species across BIF ranges that cannot be explained by geology or significant change in climate (Gibson et al ., , ). It has been hypothesised that these BIF ranges have acted as both refugia during drier arid phases of the subdued climatic cycles experienced across the region throughout the Quaternary, as well as centres of recent speciation (Butcher, Byrne & Crayn, ; Byrne, ). The BIFs have complex topography providing significant habitat heterogeneity and an abundance of niche microhabitats, including areas of variable soil depth, water‐retaining depressions and south‐facing slopes, that may facilitate persistence of species through periods of aridity (Byrne et al ., ; Yates et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence and stochasticity are key determinants of genetic diversity in plants associated with banded iron formation inselbergs

et al. 2018

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The high species endemism characteristic of many of the world's terrestrial island systems provides a model for studying evolutionary patterns and processes, yet there has been no synthesis of studies to provide a systematic evaluation of terrestrial island systems in this context. The banded iron formations (BIFs) of south-western Australia are ancient terrestrial island formations occurring within a mosaic of alluvial clay soils, sandplains and occasional granite outcropping, across an old, gently undulating, highly weathered, plateau. Notably, these BIFs display exceptionally high beta plant diversity. Here, we address the determinants and consequences of genetic diversity for BIF-associated plant species through a comprehensive review of all studies on species distribution modelling, phylogenetics, phylogeography, population genetics, life-history traits and ecology. The taxa studied are predominantly narrowly endemic to individual or a few BIF ranges, but some have more regional distributions occurring both on and off BIFs. We compared genetic data for these BIF-endemic species to other localised species globally to assess whether the unique history and ancestry of BIF landscapes has driven distinct genetic responses in plants restricted to this habitat. We also assessed the influence of life-history parameters on patterns of genetic diversity. We found that BIF-endemic species display similar patterns of genetic diversity and structure to other species with localised distributions. Despite often highly restricted distributions, large effective population size or clonal reproduction appears to provide these BIF-endemic species with ecological and evolutionary resilience to environmental stochasticity. We conclude that persistence and stochasticity are key determinants of genetic diversity and its spatial structure within BIF-associated plant species, and that these are key evolutionary processes that should be considered in understanding the biogeography of inselbergs worldwide.

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“…Veloso et al (1991) classified it as "vegetation refuges or relic vegetation types" floristically different from the dominant surrounding flora. Butcher et al (2007) proposed that such areas have acted as refuges during dry climate phases associated with major glaciations, as well as centers of recent speciation. In eastern Amazonia (Brazil), campo rupestre occurs on rocky habitat islands within a matrix of rainforest in the Serra dos Carajás and in the so-called Iron-Quadrangle of the state of Minas Gerais.…”

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confidence: 99%

Soil-vegetation relationships on a banded ironstone 'island', Carajás Plateau, Brazilian Eastern Amazonia

Nunes

Schaefer

Júnior

et al. 2015

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Vegetation and soil properties of an iron-rich canga (laterite) island on the largest outcrop of banded-iron formation in Serra de Carajás (eastern Amazonia, Brazil) were studied along a topographic gradient (738-762 m asl), and analyzed to test the hypothesis that soil chemical and physical attributes play a key role in the structure and floristic composition of these plant communities. Soil and vegetation were sampled in eight replicate plots within each of the four vegetation types. Surface (0-10 cm) soil samples from each plot were analyzed for basic cations, N, P and plant species density for all species was recorded. CCA ordination analysis showed a strong separation between forest and non-forest sites on the first axis, and between herbaceous and shrubby campo rupestre on the second axis. The four vegetation types shared few plant species, which was attributed to their distinctive soil environments and filtering of their constituent species by chemical, physical and hydrological constraints. Thus, we can infer that Edaphic (pedological) factors are crucial in explaining the types and distributions of campo rupestre vegetation associated with ferruginous ironstone uplands (Canga) in Carajás, eastern Amazonia, therefore the soil properties are the main drivers of vegetation composition and structure on these ironstone islands.

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Evidence for convergent evolution among phylogenetically distant rare species of Tetratheca (Elaeocarpaceae, formerly Tremandraceae) from Western Australia

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

Plant communities of the ironstone ranges of South Western Australia: hotspots for plant diversity and mineral deposits

Plant communities of the ironstone ranges of South Western Australia: hotspots for plant diversity and mineral deposits

Persistence and stochasticity are key determinants of genetic diversity in plants associated with banded iron formation inselbergs

Soil-vegetation relationships on a banded ironstone 'island', Carajás Plateau, Brazilian Eastern Amazonia

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