Evidence for Geographic Clusters: Molecular Genetic Differences among Strains of Pythium insidiosum from Asia, Australia and the Americas Are Explored

Schurko, Andrew M.; Mendoza, Leonel; Cock, A. W. A. M. de; Klassen, Glen R.

doi:10.2307/3762031

Cited by 34 publications

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“…However, the antibodies in the sera from human patients with pythiosis did not show greater reactivity with strains of P. insidiosum isolated from humans than with strains of P. insidiosum isolated from horses. This might suggest that (i) that cattle and horses may have repeated subclinical environmental exposures to different P. insidosum strains during their lifetimes, as reported by some (9, 11); (ii) the reaction is due to the stimulation of the immune system by local strains within the three different phylogenetically described groups (20,21); and/or (iii) the immune systems of horses could recognize a broader range of P. insidiosum immunogens than those of other species may, as recently reported by Garcia et al (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Antibodies in the Sera of Host Species with Pythiosis Recognize a Variety of Unique Immunogens in Geographically Divergent Pythium insidiosum Strains

Chindamporn

Vilela

Hoag

et al. 2009

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Studies by Western blot analyses have shown that antibodies in the sera of host species infected byPythium insidiosum recognized several prominent proteins expressed by this fungus-like pathogen. Although these studies have utilized sera from infected patients and relevant local strains of P. insidiosum, the results are difficult to compare because of the lack of method standardization. In an effort to resolve this issue, we have utilized standardized methodologies to evaluate six P. insidiosum strains from Asia and the Americas and 15 serum samples from cattle, cats, dogs, horses, and humans with pythiosis from the same geographical regions. Our data show that the antibodies present in these sera recognize a wide variety of unique P. insidiosum immunogenic proteins. Although some of the prominent proteins in this study have been previously reported, several others have yet to be described. For instance, a ϳ28-kDamolecular-mass antigen was detected by the antibodies in all serum samples evaluated. However, this antigen was strongly expressed by only one of the strains evaluated. A diffuse ϳ51-kDa protein was not detected by the antibodies in the human sera; but it was recognized by the antibodies in the sera of cattle, cats, dogs, and horses. This antigen was expressed by only two of the strains investigated. Several other similar examples were also observed. The variation of the P. insidiosum protein profile identified by the antibodies in the sera evaluated indicates that some geographically diverged P. insidosum strains expressed some unique immunogens in vitro and that during natural infection (in vivo) P. insidiosum might express a broader number of antigens variably detected by individuals within the same species but especially across species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Antibodies in the Sera of Host Species with Pythiosis Recognize a Variety of Unique Immunogens in Geographically Divergent Pythium insidiosum Strains

Chindamporn

Vilela

Hoag

et al. 2009

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…When tested against genomic DNA of 104 Pythium species, the probe specifically hybridized to DNA of the ex-type cultures of P. insidiosum and P. destruens. This not only demonstrated the ability of the probe to distinguish P. insidiosum from other Pythium species but also supported antigenic (34) and molecular evidence (46,47) that P. insidiosum and P. destruens should be…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The finding that the probe hybridized to all 22 isolates in the three geographic clades described by Schurko et al (47) supports the idea that P. insidiosum is indeed a single species or a group of very closely related species. However, the differences in intensity of hybridization between clades, and particularly the weak reactions for clade III, the most distant cluster in terms of restriction fragment length polymorphisms and internal transcribed spacer sequences (46,47), point to significant genetic divergence within the species. The probe was also able to distinguish P. insidiosum from other pathogenic organisms that cause diseases of humans and animals (Fig.…”

Section: Vol 42 2004 Species-specific Probe For Pythium Insidiosum mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Species-Specific Probe forPythium insidiosumand the Diagnosis of Pythiosis

et al. 2004

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Pythium insidiosum, the only species in the genus that infects mammals, is the etiological agent of pythiosis, a granulomatous disease characterized by cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions and vascular diseases. Accurate diagnosis of pythiosis and identification of its causal agent are often inconsistent with current immunological diagnostic methods. A species-specific DNA probe was constructed by using a 530-bp HinfI fragment from the ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer of P. insidiosum. When the probe was incubated with dot blots of genomic DNA from 104 Pythium species, it hybridized only to the DNA of P. insidiosum and P. destruens-two species that have been considered conspecific. The probe also hybridized to DNA from 22 P. insidiosum isolates in this study, regardless of their geographic origin or animal host. When tested against genomic DNA from other pathogenic organisms (Aspergillus fumigatus, Basidiobolus ranarum, Conidiobolus coronatus, Lagenidium giganteum, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and Prototheca wickerhamii), no cross-hybridization of the probe was detected. The specificity of the probe to hybridize to genomic DNA from all isolates of P. insidiosum and not cross-react with DNA from other Pythium species or pathogens that cause symptoms similar to pythiosis in their hosts makes it a powerful tool for the accurate diagnosis of pythiosis. In addition, the probe has the potential for pathological and environmental diagnostic applications.

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“…Diferencias a nivel de subgrupo de P. insidiosum encontrados por análisis filogenéticos explican las diferencias de inmunogenicidad en humanos y equinos (26)(27)(28).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Micosis por Pythium Insidiosum primer caso con diagnóstico definitivo en Colombia

Acero-Mondragón

Rosas

Arango

2013

nova

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Pythium insidiosum es un hongo distribuido globalmente causante de una micosis emergente llamada Pitiosis en personas y animales. El diagnóstico definitivo involucra correlación clínico epidemiológica, clínico patológica, histopatológica y molecular. En Colombia no existen antecedentes diagnósticos de Pitiosis con estas correlaciones. Pitiosis fue demostrada dos equinos de zona rural en Puerto Boyacá, Departamento de Boyacá-Colombia. Los equinos presentaron en extremidades lesiones únicas, pruriginosas, ulceradas, granulomatosas, alternada de masas sólidas con secreción serosanguinolenta. De las biopsias los hallazgos anatomopatológicos demostraron masas sólidas de aspecto coralino, las cuales se procesaron histopatológicamente. Los resultados correlacionados de biogeografía, las lesiones halladas en los equinos y en ellas los patrones histopatológicos de Splendore-Hoeplii, con hallazgos de hifas raramente septadas con diámetro de 2,5 a 6,2 micras en ramificación angulada, junto a la secuenciación del DNA extraído y comparado con el depositado para P.insidiosum en el GenBank permitió demostrar en todas las muestras una homología del 100% conformándose por primera vez el diagnóstico definitivo de Pitiosis en Colombia.<br /><br />

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Evidence for Geographic Clusters: Molecular Genetic Differences among Strains of Pythium insidiosum from Asia, Australia and the Americas Are Explored

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Antibodies in the Sera of Host Species with Pythiosis Recognize a Variety of Unique Immunogens in Geographically Divergent Pythium insidiosum Strains

Antibodies in the Sera of Host Species with Pythiosis Recognize a Variety of Unique Immunogens in Geographically Divergent Pythium insidiosum Strains

Development of a Species-Specific Probe forPythium insidiosumand the Diagnosis of Pythiosis

Micosis por Pythium Insidiosum primer caso con diagnóstico definitivo en Colombia

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