Evidence for high fluid/melt content beneath Krakatau volcano (Indonesia) from local earthquake tomography

Jaxybulatov, Kairly; Koulakov, Ivan; Seht, M. Ibs-von; Klinge, K.; Reichert, Christian; Dahrén, Börje; Troll, Valentin R.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2011.06.009

Cited by 44 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…10), a transition between two high-Vp/Vs zones at a depth of about 7 km becomes visible. The robustness of this feature of the modelling is tested in a special synthetic model which reveals satisfactory vertical resolution (Jaxybulatov et al 2011). The Vp/Vs distribution in the vertical section is interpreted to reflect two distinct magma storage regions, an upper crustal one at <7 km and a midcrustal one at >7 km.…”

Section: Seismic Tomographymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The seismic structure beneath the Krakatau complex and surrounding areas has been studied using local earthquake tomographic inversion (Hoffmann-Rothe et al 2006;Jaxybulatov et al 2011). The data for this study were collected within the seismological part of the KRAKMON Project (Hoffmann-Rothe et al 2006;Ibs-von Seht 2008).…”

Section: Seismic Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data processing is based on the LOTOS code (Koulakov 2009) which is used for the non-linear tomographic inversion of P and S arrival times to the distributions of P and S velocities, as well as Vp/Vs ratio and source locations. The resolution limitations due to unfavourable configuration of the network were thoroughly investigated in Jaxybulatov et al (2011) using a series of different synthetic tests.…”

Section: Seismic Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the tandem seismic tomography study (HoffmannRothe et al 2006;Jaxybulatov et al 2011) the structure of P and S velocities, as well as the distribution of Vp/Vs ratios have been obtained for the Krakatau area. The data distribution is not favourable for tomographic inversion, so thorough testing was performed to separate robust features from possible artefacts.…”

Section: Seismic Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results will serve as an independent test of previous estimates and constraints on magma storage derived by geophysical means, plagioclase-melt geobarometry and in-situ isotope stratigraphy (Camus et al 1987;Harjono et al 1989;Mandeville et al 1996a;Gardner et al 2006;in press). Our thermobarometric approach will be integrated with the results of a geophysical survey, using local earthquake tomographic inversion, aimed at investigating the seismic structure beneath the Krakatau volcanic complex and surrounding areas (Hoffmann-Rothe et al 2006;Jaxybulatov et al 2011). Our study applies, for the first time, barometry based on clinopyroxene, to provide an independent and complementary test to isotopic, geophysical and geobarometric depth constraints for Anak Krakatau.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magma plumbing beneath Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia: evidence for multiple magma storage regions

Dahrén

Troll

Andersson

et al. 2011

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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Understanding magma plumbing is essential for predicting the behaviour of explosive volcanoes. We investigate magma plumbing at the highly active Anak Krakatau volcano (Indonesia), situated on the rim of the 1883 Krakatau caldera by employing a suite of thermobarometric models. These include, clinopyroxene-melt thermobarometry, plagioclasemelt thermobarometry, clinopyroxene composition barometry and olivine-melt thermometry. Petrological studies have previously identified shallow magma storage in the region of 2-8 km beneath Krakatau, while existing seismic evidence points towards midto deep-crustal storage zone(s), at 9 and 22 km respectively. Our results show that clinopyroxene in Anak Krakatau lavas crystallized at a depth of 7-12 km, while plagioclase record both shallow crustal (3-7 km) and sub-Moho (23-28 km) levels of crystallisation. These magma storage regions coincide with well constrained major lithological boundaries in the crust, implying that magma ascent and storage at Anak Krakatau is strongly controlled by crustal properties. A tandem seismic tomography survey independently identified a separate upper crustal (< 7 km) and a lower to mid-crustal magma storage region (> 7 km). Both petrological and seismic methods are sensitive in detecting magma bodies in the crust, but suffer from various limitations. Combined geophysical and petrological surveys, in turn, offer increased potential for a comprehensive characterization of magma plumbing at active volcanic complexes.

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Section: Seismic Tomographymentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Seismic Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seismic Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seismic Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Magma plumbing beneath Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia: evidence for multiple magma storage regions

Dahrén

Troll

Andersson

et al. 2011

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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Seismic structure changes beneath Redoubt Volcano during the 2009 eruption inferred from local earthquake tomography

Kasatkina

Koulakov

West³

et al. 2014

JGR Solid Earth

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We present seismic velocity models of the area beneath Redoubt Volcano (Alaska) corresponding to two time periods, before and after the strong eruption that occurred in March 2009. The calculations were based on tomographic inversion of P and S arrival time data recorded by 19 stations using the local earthquake tomography code LOTOS. We performed thorough analysis of the results based on synthetic tests in each of the time periods that allow real-time variations in structure to be distinguished from artifacts caused by changes in the observation system configurations. In the resulting images corresponding to the period before the eruption, the summit area is characterized by higher values of both P and S velocities and moderate values of the Vp/Vs ratio. This may correspond to the rigid igneous rocks composing the body of the volcano that lack significant liquid content. In the second episode corresponding to the time of the eruption, the P velocity remained high, whereas the S velocity became very low. The anticorrelation of P and S anomalies in the summit area produced a Vp/Vs ratio as high as 2.2, which is seen down to 2-3 km depth. This indicates presence of mobile phase at shallow depth beneath the volcano, which can be either in the form of partial melt or fluid-saturated rocks.

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Persistent multitiered magma plumbing beneath Katla volcano, Iceland

Budd

Troll

Dahrén

et al. 2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Recent seismic unrest and a persistent Holocene eruption record at Katla volcano, Iceland indicate that a near‐future eruption is possible. Previous petrological investigations suggest that Katla is supplied by a simple plumbing system that delivers magma directly from depth, while seismic and geodetic data also point toward the existence of upper‐crustal magma storage. To characterize Katla's recent plumbing system, we established mineral‐melt equilibrium crystallization pressures from four age‐constrained Katla tephras spanning from 8 kyr BP to 1918. The results point to persistent shallow‐ (≤8 km depth) as well as deep‐crustal (ca. 10 – 25 km depth) magma storage beneath Katla throughout the last 8 kyr. The presence of multiple magma storage regions implies that mafic magma from the deeper reservoir system may become gas‐rich during ascent and storage in the shallow crust and erupt explosively. Alternatively, it might intersect evolved magma pockets in the shallow‐level storage region, and so increase the potential for explosive mixed‐magma ash eruptions.

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Evidence for high fluid/melt content beneath Krakatau volcano (Indonesia) from local earthquake tomography

Cited by 44 publications

References 34 publications

Magma plumbing beneath Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia: evidence for multiple magma storage regions

Magma plumbing beneath Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia: evidence for multiple magma storage regions

Seismic structure changes beneath Redoubt Volcano during the 2009 eruption inferred from local earthquake tomography

Persistent multitiered magma plumbing beneath Katla volcano, Iceland

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