Evidence for Interspecies Gene Transfer in the Evolution of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Degraders

McGowan, Catherine; Fulthorpe, Roberta R.; Wright, Alice Diane; Tiedje, James M.

doi:10.1128/aem.64.10.4089-4092.1998

Cited by 126 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…No correlation was found between AR-DRA grouping of the strains and either the sequence or the organization of the tfdC genes. This observation is consistent with recent data from McGowan et al [28] on tfdA genes. These authors hypothesized that gene transfer could occur between species due to the lack of correlation between ARDRA grouping of the strains and tfdA diversity.…”

Section: Evidence Of Tfdc Gene Transfersupporting

confidence: 94%

“…In the present study, we have demonstrated that their tfdC genes are located on large plasmids with a size of 265 and 532 kb for strains TFD6 and RASC, respectively. For strain RASC, plasmid localization of the tfdC gene is in agreement with the recent work reported by McGowan et al [28]. These authors found that B. cepacia strain RASC was able to transfer degradative abilities to a non-degrading recipient strain.…”

Section: Genomic Localization Of Tfdc Genes and Copy Numbersupporting

confidence: 91%

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Diversity of tfdC genes: distribution and polymorphism among 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degrading soil bacteria

Cavalca

1999

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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The aim of the present work was to study the occurrence, distribution and diversity of 1,2-dichlorocatechol dioxygenase genes among 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degrading bacteria. Phylogenetic relationships between the 31 strains or isolates were evaluated by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis of the 16S rDNA gene. All the strains could be assigned to the L or Q subdivisions of the Proteobacteria. tfdC genes were detected by PCR amplification using degenerated primers. Two specific probes were produced from Ralstonia eutropha strain JMP134 and from a soil isolate strain PLAE6 which was grouped with Variovorax paradoxus. Sequence analysis of the probes revealed that they were homologous to the tfdC genes of JMP134 located on plasmid pJP4 and to the tfdC gene of Pseudomonas putida strain PaW85 located on plasmid pEST4011. The localization and the copy number of tfdC genes were determined by hybridization of plasmid profiles and genomic DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles with the two probes. Most of the strains were found to bear tfdC genes on plasmids ranging from 78 to 532 kb; two strains without any plasmids were also found to hybridize with the probes, revealing a chromosomal localization of catabolic genes. Sequence analysis of the PCR products from different strains confirmed that four different classes of chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase genes were present in the strains and isolates studied. z

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Section: Evidence Of Tfdc Gene Transfersupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Genomic Localization Of Tfdc Genes and Copy Numbersupporting

confidence: 91%

Diversity of tfdC genes: distribution and polymorphism among 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degrading soil bacteria

Cavalca

1999

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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“…The two ancestral strains used in this study, originally designated TFD3 and TFD13, were isolated from sludge in Oregon and soil in Michigan, respectively (Tonso et al 1995). Both are able to catabolize 2,4-D, and both belong to the genus Burkholderia in the ␤2 subgroup of the Proteobacteria based on their 16S rDNA sequences (McGowan 1995). These two strains were chosen for this study because one of them (TFD3) grows relatively fast, whereas the other grows more slowly.…”

Section: Bacterial Strains and Culture Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Trade-Offs Under Conditions of Resource Abundance and Scarcity: Experiments With Bacteria

Velicer

Lenski

1999

Ecology

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It is often hypothesized that bacteria that are superior competitors when resources are abundant must be inferior competitors when resources are scarce, and vice versa. Most previous studies that sought to test this trade‐off hypothesis compared kinetic parameters of extant strains of bacteria, with mixed results. We employed an experimental approach in which bacterial populations were propagated for many generations under two distinct regimes and their evolutionary responses were monitored. Thirty‐six populations of bacteria were allowed to adapt evolutionarily to either abundant (batch culture) or scarce (chemostat culture) resource regimes. The competitive fitness of each derived line, relative to its ancestor, was then measured under both regimes. The trade‐off hypothesis predicts that adaptation to either selective regime causes a concomitant loss of fitness under the alternative regime. Overall, our findings failed to support this hypothesis, and several cases contradict it. Only two derived lines showed clear trade‐offs, having significantly adapted to the selective regime while becoming significantly less fit in the alternative regime. By contrast, five derived lines significantly improved in the alternative regime even as they adapted to their selective regime. Summing over all 36 derived lines (including those for which the observed fitness changes were nonsignificant under one or both regimes), 15 cases support the trade‐off hypothesis, whereas 21 indicate the opposite result. These data therefore refute the necessity, or even general tendency, for evolutionary trade‐offs in performance under conditions of resource abundance vs. scarcity. Instead, these data suggest that bacteria are able to adapt to a particular level of resource via multiple evolutionary pathways, which may produce either gains or losses in fitness at some different level of resource.

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“…Group 1 is composed of copiotrophic bacteria belonging to Beta-and Gammaproteobacteria. Group 1 degraders are further categorized into three classes based on tfdA-like gene sequences (McGowan et al, 1998;Baelum et al, 2010). Class I tfdA-like genes occur among Burkholderialike,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alphaproteobacteria dominate active 2‐methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide degraders in agricultural soil and drilosphere

Liu

Drake

et al. 2011

Environmental Microbiology

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2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) is a widely used phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicide and subject to aerobic microbial degradation. Earthworms stimulate both growth and activity of MCPA-degrading bacteria in soil. Thus, active MCPA degraders in soil and drilosphere (i.e. burrow walls, gut content and cast) were assessed by 16S rRNA stable isotope probing in soil columns under experimental conditions designed to minimize laboratory incubation biases. Agriculturally relevant concentrations of [(13) C]MCPA (20 µg g(dw) (-1)) were degraded in soil within 23 and 27 days in the presence and absence of earthworms respectively. Total 16S rRNA analysis revealed 73 operational taxonomic units indicative of active Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia in soil and drilosphere derived material. Seven operational taxonomic units indicative of Alpha-, Beta-, Gammaproteobacteria and Firmicutes consumed MCPA-[(13) C]. Dominant consumers of MCPA-[(13) C] were Alphaproteobacteria (Sphingomonadaceae and Bradyrhizobiaceae) in soil and drilosphere. Beta- (Comamonadaceae) and Gammaproteobacteria (Xanthomonadaceae) were also important MCPA-[(13) C] consumers in burrow walls only, indicating that earthworms favour betaproteobacterial MCPA degraders. In oxic microcosms with bulk soil, burrow walls and cast, 20 and 300-400 µg g(dw) (-1) [(13) C]MCPA were consumed within 24 h and 20 days respectively. Gut contents did not facilitate the degradation of [(13) C]MCPA. Sphingomonadaceae dominated MCPA-[(13) C] consumers in bulk soil and burrow wall microcosms, while Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria (Burkholderiacea, Comamonadaceae, Oxalobacteraceae and Xanthomonadaceae) dominated MCPA-[(13) C] consumers in microcosms of cast, indicating that the latter taxa are prone to respond to MCPA in cast. The collective data indicated that Alphaproteobacteria are major MCPA degraders in soil and drilosphere.

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Evidence for Interspecies Gene Transfer in the Evolution of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Degraders

Cited by 126 publications

References 22 publications

Diversity of tfdC genes: distribution and polymorphism among 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degrading soil bacteria

Diversity of tfdC genes: distribution and polymorphism among 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degrading soil bacteria

Evolutionary Trade-Offs Under Conditions of Resource Abundance and Scarcity: Experiments With Bacteria

Alphaproteobacteria dominate active 2‐methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide degraders in agricultural soil and drilosphere

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